ANZ Group Holdings Limited logo

Notification of change to ANZ’s Constitution

Regulatory22 December 2018ANZFinancials

Company Secretary’s Office
ANZ Centre Melbourne, Level 9, 833 Collins Street, DOCKLANDS VIC 3008

GPO Box 254, MELBOURNE VIC 3001 AUSTRALIA

www.anz.com

Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited ABN 11 005 357 522


21 December 2018



Market Announcements Office

ASX Limited

Level 4

20 Bridge Street

SYDNEY NSW 2000







Notification of Change to ANZ’s Constitution



Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited (‘ANZ’) amended its Constitution by

special resolution of shareholders at its Annual General Meeting held on 19 December 2018.


Attached is a copy of ANZ’s amended Constitution.






Simon Pordage

Company Secretary

Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited


Australia and New Zealand Banking Group

Limited




Constitution




Constitution as adopted at the Annual General Meeting held on 18 December 2007 incorporating

amendments approved at the Annual General Meetings held on 17 December 2010 and 19

December 2018




Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited

ACN 005 357 522


Level 9, 833 Collins Street

Docklands Victoria 3008 Australia

www.anz.com




CONTENTS

1. PRELIMINARY 1

1.1 Replaceable rules 1

1.2 Definitions 1

1.3 Interpretation of this document 3

2. LISTING RULES AND THE CORPORATIONS ACT 4

3. DIRECTORS 4

3.1 Number of Directors 4

3.2 Appointment by the Board 4

3.3 Election by general meeting 4

3.4 Eligible candidates 5

3.5 Retirement of Directors 5

3.6 Selection of Directors to retire 6

3.7 Time of retirement 6

3.8 Cessation of Director's appointment 6

3.9 Removal from office 6

3.10 Too few Directors 6

4. ALTERNATE DIRECTORS 7

4.1 Appointment of Alternates 7

4.2 Notice of Board meetings 7

4.3 Obligations and entitlements of Alternates 7

4.4 Termination of appointment 7

4.5 Appointments and revocations in writing 7

5. POWERS OF THE BOARD 8

5.1 Powers generally 8

5.2 Exercise of powers 8

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5.3 Sale of main undertaking 8

6. EXECUTING NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS 8

6.1 Board's powers 8

6.2 Delegation of powers 8

7. MANAGING DIRECTOR 8

7.1 Appointment and power of Managing Director 8

7.2 Retirement and removal of Managing Director 9

7.3 Multiple Managing Directors 9

7.4 Termination of appointment of Managing Director 9

8. DELEGATION OF BOARD POWERS 9

8.1 Delegation to committee or attorney 9

8.2 Terms of delegation 10

8.3 Powers of attorney 10

8.4 Proceedings of committees 10

9. DIRECTOR'S DUTIES AND INTERESTS 10

9.1 Scope of Directors' duties 10

9.2 Declaration of interests 10

9.3 Director interested in a matter 11

9.4 Agreements with third parties 11

9.5 Obligation of secrecy 11

10. DIRECTORS' REMUNERATION 12

10.1 Remuneration of Executive Directors 12

10.2 Remuneration of non-executive Directors 12

10.3 Additional Remuneration for extra services 12

10.4 Expenses of Directors 13

10.5 Directors' retirement benefits 13

11. OFFICERS' INDEMNITY AND INSURANCE 13

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11.1 Indemnity 13

11.2 Insurance 14

11.3 Former officers 14

11.4 Deeds 14

11.5 No limitation on other rights 14

12. BOARD MEETINGS 14

12.1 Convening Board meetings 14

12.2 Notice of Board meeting 14

12.3 Use of technology 15

12.4 Chairing Board meetings 15

12.5 Quorum 15

12.6 Majority decisions 15

12.7 Procedural rules 16

12.8 Written resolutions 16

12.9 Additional provisions concerning written resolutions 16

12.10 Valid proceedings 17

13. MEETINGS OF MEMBERS 17

13.1 Annual general meeting 17

13.2 Calling meetings of members 17

13.3 Notice of meeting 17

13.4 Postponement or cancellation 17

13.5 Content of notice of meeting 18

13.6 Chairman's powers at a meeting of members 18

13.7 Fresh notice 19

13.8 Notice to joint holders of shares 19

13.9 Technology 19

13.10 Admission to general meetings 19

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13.11 Accidental omission 20

13.12 Class meetings 20

14. PROCEEDINGS AT MEETINGS OF MEMBERS 20

14.1 Member present at meeting 20

14.2 Quorum 20

14.3 Quorum not present 20

14.4 Chairing meetings of members 20

14.5 Attendance at meetings of members 21

14.6 Members rights suspended while call unpaid 21

14.7 Right of auditor to attend meetings 21

14.8 Adjournment 21

14.9 Business at adjourned meetings 21

15. PROXIES, ATTORNEYS AND REPRESENTATIVES 22

15.1 Appointment of a proxy 22

15.2 Appointment of an attorney 22

15.3 Appointment of a corporate representative 22

15.4 Deposit of proxy forms and powers of attorney 22

15.5 Evidence of proxy forms, powers of attorney and other appointments 22

15.6 Standing appointments 23

15.7 Suspension of proxy or attorney's powers if member present 23

15.8 Priority of conflicting appointments of attorney or representative 23

15.9 More than 2 current proxy appointments 23

15.10 Continuing authority 24

15.11 Joint holders 24

16. ENTITLEMENT TO VOTE 24

16.1 Determining voting entitlements 24

16.2 Number of votes 24

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16.3 No casting vote of chairman 25

16.4 Votes of joint holders 25

16.5 Votes of transmittees and guardians 25

16.6 Voting restrictions 26

16.7 Decision on right to vote 26

17. HOW VOTING IS CARRIED OUT 26

17.1 Method of voting 26

17.2 Demand for a poll 26

17.3 When and how polls must be taken 27

17.4 Suspension of proceedings 27

17.5 Board may determine Direct Voting to apply 27

17.6 Direct Votes count on a poll 27

17.7 Withdrawal of Direct Vote 28

17.8 Vote not affected by death, etc. of member 28

18. SECRETARY 29

18.1 Terms and conditions of office 29

18.2 Removal from office 29

19. MINUTES 29

19.1 Minutes must be kept 29

19.2 Minutes as evidence 29

19.3 Inspection of minute books 29

20. COMPANY SEALS 29

20.1 Common seal 29

20.2 Share seal 30

20.3 Use of seals 30

20.4 Fixing seals to documents 30

21. ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT 30

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21.1 Company must keep accounts 30

21.2 Financial reporting 30

21.3 Audit 30

21.4 Conclusive reports 30

21.5 Inspection of financial records and books 31

22. SHARES 31

22.1 Issue at discretion of Board 31

22.2 Preference and redeemable preference shares 31

22.3 Restrictions on issue 31

22.4 Brokerage and commissions 31

22.5 Surrender of shares 31

22.6 Variation of rights 31

23. PREFERENCE SHARES 32

23.1 Rights attaching to preference shares 32

23.2 Dividend rights 32

23.3 Priority as to payment of dividends 33

23.4 Notices and reports 33

23.5 Voting rights 33

23.6 Non-cumulative preference shares 34

23.7 Redeemable preference shares 35

23.8 Conversion 36

23.9 Variation of rights 36

23.10 Priority in winding up 36

24. CERTIFICATES 37

24.1 Uncertificated securities 37

24.2 Certificated shares 37

24.3 Multiple certificates and joint holders 37

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24.4 Lost and worn out certificates 37

25. REGISTER 37

25.1 Joint holders 37

25.2 Non-beneficial holders 38

25.3 Branch register 38

26. PARTLY PAID SHARES 38

26.1 Fixed instalments 38

26.2 Pre-payment of calls 38

26.3 Calls made by Board 39

26.4 Notice of call 39

26.5 Classes of shares 39

26.6 Obligation to pay calls 39

26.7 Called Amounts 39

26.8 Proof of call 39

26.9 Forfeiture notice 40

26.10 Forfeiture 40

26.11 Disposal and re-issue of forfeited shares 40

26.12 Notice of forfeiture 40

26.13 Cancellation, exemption or waiver of forfeiture 41

26.14 Effect of forfeiture 41

26.15 Application of proceeds 41

26.16 Title of new holder 41

26.17 Mortgage of uncalled capital 41

27. COMPANY LIENS 42

27.1 Existence of liens 42

27.2 Sale under lien 42

27.3 Protection of lien 42

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27.4 Indemnity for payments required to be made by the Company 43

27.5 Exemption and waiver 43

28. DIVIDENDS 43

28.1 Accumulation of reserves 43

28.2 Payment of dividends 43

28.3 Amount of dividend 44

28.4 Prepayments, payments during dividend period and credits without

payment 44


28.5 Dividends in kind 44

28.6 Source of dividends 45

28.7 Method of payment 45

28.8 Joint holders' receipt 45

28.9 Retention of dividends by Company 45

28.10 No interest on dividends 45

29. SHARE PLANS 46

29.1 Implementing share plans 46

29.2 Board obligations and discretions 46

30. TRANSFER OF SHARES 47

30.1 Mode of transfer 47

30.2 Market obligations 47

30.3 Transfer by written document 47

30.4 Restricted securities 47

30.5 Refusal to register transfer 48

30.6 Transferor remains holder until transfer registered 48

30.7 Powers of attorney 48

31. TRANSMISSION OF SHARES 49

31.1 Death of joint holder 49

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31.2 Death of single holder 49

31.3 Transmission of shares on insolvency or mental incapacity 49

31.4 Refusal to register holder 50

32. NON-MARKETABLE PARCELS 50

32.1 Board power of sale 50

32.2 Sale with notice 50

32.3 Divestment without notice 51

32.4 Terms of sale 51

32.5 Share transfers 51

32.6 Application of proceeds 51

32.7 Protections for transferee 52

32.8 Rights to vote suspended 52

33. ALTERATION OF SHARE CAPITAL 52

33.1 Capitalisation of profits 52

33.2 Adjustment of capitalised amounts 52

33.3 Conversion of shares 52

33.4 Adjustments on conversion 53

33.5 Reduction of capital 53

33.6 Distribution of securities in another corporation 53

34. CURRENCY FOR PAYMENTS 53

34.1 Board may decide currency 53

34.2 Conversion to Australian dollars 54

34.3 Preference shares 54

35. WINDING UP 54

35.1 Entitlement of members 54

35.2 Distribution of assets generally 54

35.3 No distribution of liabilities 54

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35.4 Distribution not in accordance with legal rights 54

36. NOTICES 55

36.1 Notices by Company 55

36.2 Overseas members 55

36.3 When notice is given 55

36.4 Notice to joint holders 55

36.5 Counting days 56

36.6 Notices to "lost" members 56

37. UNCLAIMED MONEY 56


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AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND BANKING GROUP LIMITED

ACN 005 357 522

CONSTITUTION

1. PRELIMINARY

1.1 Replaceable rules

The replaceable rules referred to in the Corporations Act do not apply to the Company and

are replaced by the rules set out in this document.

1.2 Definitions

The following definitions apply in this document.

"Alternate" means an alternate Director appointed under rule 4.1.

"Appointor" in relation to an Alternate, means the Director who appointed the Alternate.

"ASX" means ASX Limited (ABN 98 008 624 691).

"ASX Settlement Rules" means the operating rules of ASX Settlement Pty Limited (ABN

49 008 504 532) and, to the extent they are applicable, the operating rules of each of ASX

and ASX Clear Pty Limited (ABN 48 001 314 503).

"Banking Act" means the Banking Act 1959 (Cth).

"Board" means the Directors acting collectively under this document.

"business day" has the meaning given by the Listing Rules.

"Called Amount" in respect of a share means:

(a) the amount of a call on that share which is due and unpaid; and

(b) any amount the Board requires a member to pay under rule 26.7.

"Chief Executive Officer" means a Managing Director if appointed under rule 7.1.

"Company" means Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Limited ACN 005 357

522, whatever its name is for the time being.

"Corporations Act" means the Corporations Act 2001 (Cth).

"Direct Vote" means a vote on a resolution delivered following a determination by the

Board under rules 17.5 to 17.8 inclusive and in accordance with those rules (including any

regulations made under rule 17.5 by the Board).

"Director" means a person who is, for the time being, a director of the Company

including, where appropriate, an Alternate.

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2.

"dividend" includes a bonus.

"Executive Director" means a Director who is an employee of the Company or a

subsidiary or acts in an executive capacity for the Company or a subsidiary under a

contract for services and includes a Managing Director.

"Interest Rate" means, in respect of each rule in which that term is used:

(a) the rate for the time being prescribed by the Board in respect of that rule; or

(b) if no rate is prescribed, the rate 2% above the rate for the time being fixed under the

Penalty Interest Rates Act 1983 (Vic).

"Listing Rules" means the listing rules of the ASX as they apply to the Company for the

time being, as waived or modified in respect of the Company in any particular case.

"Managing Director" means a managing director appointed under rule 7.1, by any title

approved by the Board (including the title, Chief Executive Officer).

"member" means a person whose name is entered in the Register as the holder of a share.

"Non-marketable Parcel" means a parcel of shares of a single class registered in the same

name or the same joint names which is less than:

(a) the number that constitutes a marketable parcel of shares of that class under the

Listing Rules; or

(b) subject to the Corporations Act, the Listing Rules and the ASX Settlement Rules,

any other number determined by the Board from time to time.

"ordinary resolution" means a resolution of members other than a special resolution.

"Register" means the register of members kept as required by the Corporations Act and

includes:

(a) a branch register of members; and

(b) a computerised or electronic sub-register established and administered under the

ASX Settlement Rules.

"Remuneration" in relation to a Director (other than an Executive Director):

(a) includes salary, bonuses, fringe benefits and superannuation contributions provided

by the Company; and

(b) excludes a payment made as compensation for loss of office or in connection with

retirement from office, additional amounts payable under rules 10.3 and 10.4 and an

insurance premium paid by the Company or indemnity under rule 11.

"Secretary" means, during the term of that appointment, a person appointed as a secretary

of the Company in accordance with this document.

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3.

"special resolution" has the meaning given by the Corporations Act.

"Voting Member" in relation to a general meeting, or a meeting of a class of members,

means a member who has the right to be present, and to vote on, at least 1 item of business

to be considered at the meeting.

1.3 Interpretation of this document

Headings and marginal notes are for convenience only, and do not affect interpretation.

The following rules also apply in interpreting this document, except where the context

makes it clear that a rule is not intended to apply.

(a) A reference to:

(i) legislation (including subordinate legislation), the Listing Rules or the ASX

Settlement Rules is to that legislation or those rules as:

(A) amended, modified or waived in relation to the Company; or

(B) re-enacted, amended or replaced,

and includes any subordinate legislation or rules issued under that

legislation or those rules;

(ii) a document or agreement, or a provision of a document or agreement, is to

that document, agreement or provision as amended, supplemented, replaced

or novated;

(iii) a person includes any type of entity or body of persons, whether or not it is

incorporated or has a separate legal identity, and any executor, administrator

or successor in law of the person; and

(iv) anything (including a right, obligation or concept) includes each part of it.

(b) A singular word includes the plural, and vice versa.

(c) A word which suggests 1 gender includes the other genders.

(d) If a word is defined, another part of speech has a corresponding meaning.

(e) If an example is given of anything (including a right, obligation or concept), the

example does not limit the scope of that thing.

(f) The word "agreement" includes an undertaking or other binding arrangement or

understanding, whether or not in writing.

(g) A power to do something includes a power, exercisable in the like circumstances to

revoke or undo it.

(h) A reference to a power is also a reference to authority or discretion.

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4.

(i) A reference to something being "written" or "in writing" or "printed" includes

that thing being:

(i) represented or reproduced in any mode in a visible form (including

electronically); or

(ii) communicated in any other manner approved by the Board from time to

time.

(j) Where:

(i) an expression in a rule deals with a matter which is dealt with by a provision

of the Corporations Act, the Listing Rules or the ASX Settlement Rules, that

expression has the same meaning in this document as in that provision; and

(ii) subject to paragraph (i), an expression in a rule that is defined in section 9 of

the Corporations Act has the same meaning in this document as in that

section.

(k) A reference to a Chapter, Part, Division or section is a reference to a Chapter, Part,

Division or section of the Corporations Act.

2. LISTING RULES AND THE CORPORATIONS ACT

If, and to the extent the Listing Rules or the Corporations Act are inconsistent with this

document, the Listing Rules or the Corporations Act (as applicable) prevail.

3. DIRECTORS

3.1 Number of Directors

The Board may decide the number of Directors (not counting Alternates) but that number

must be not less than 5. The maximum number must not be more than 15 or any lower

number that the Board decides.

3.2 Appointment by the Board

Subject to applicable law (including, without limitation, the Banking Act and the

Corporations Act), this document and to the number of Directors for the time being fixed

under rule 3.1 not being exceeded, the Board may appoint a person to be a Director at any

time. Any Director so appointed automatically retires at the next annual general meeting

and, subject to rule 3.3, is eligible for election by that general meeting.

3.3 Election by general meeting

(a) Subject to this document, applicable law (including, without limitation, the Banking

Act and the Corporations Act) and to the number of Directors for the time being

fixed under rule 3.1 not being exceeded, the Company may elect Directors by

ordinary resolution.

(b) If a person is elected as a Director and the person is not permitted under applicable

law to be or act as a Director on the date of their election, the person starts to hold

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5.
office as a Director only upon the person becoming, within 90 days after the date of

their election (or such longer period as the Board may allow having regard to any

requirements of the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority or other relevant

regulator), permitted by applicable law to be and act as a Director. Otherwise, that

person is treated as never having been elected.

(c)Without limiting paragraphs (a) and (b), a person who is prohibited from being or

acting as an "accountable person", or who is disqualified from being a Director,

under the Banking Act is taken not to be permitted under applicable law to be or act

as a Director unless and

until the person is permitted under the Banking Act to be

and act as an accountable person or

ceases to be so disqualified, as the case may be.

3.4 Eligible candidates

The Company in general meeting cannot validly appoint a person as a Director unless:

(a)the person retires under rules 3.2 or 3.5 and seeks election or re-election; or

(b)the Board recommends the appointment; or

(c)at least 45 business days (or any other period fixed by the Board and notified to

ASX) before the date of the meeting at which the election is to occur, unless the

Listing Rules otherwise require, the Company receives at its registered office both:

(i)a nomination of the person by a member (who may be the person); and

(ii)a consent to act as a Director signed by the person.

3.5 Retirement of Directors

(a)A Director must retire from office at the third annual general meeting after the

Director was elected or last re-elected.

(b)A Director may elect to retire and seek re-election at an annual general meeting

before the time required by rule 3.5(a), provided at least 45 business days (or any

other period as the Board may determine) before the annual general meeting the

Director has given the Board notice of his or her intention to do so. If the Director

gives such a notice, the Director must then retire from office at the relevant annual

general meeting.

(c)An election of Directors must be held at each annual general meeting. If no

election of Directors is scheduled to occur at an annual general meeting under

rule 3.2, 3.5(a) or 3.5(b), then 1 Director must retire from office at the annual

general meeting.

(d)None of rules 3.5(a), 3.5(b) and 3.5(c) applies to the Managing Director (or if there

is more than 1, the 1 (if any) nominated under rule 7.3(a)) and Alternates.

(e)A Director who retires under this rule 3.5 is eligible for re-election.

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6.

3.6 Selection of Directors to retire

Subject to the Corporations Act, the Director who retires under rule 3.5(c) is the Director

who has held office the longest since last being elected or appointed. If 2 or more

Directors have been in office for the same period, those Directors may agree which of them

will retire. If they do not agree, they must draw lots to decide which of them must retire.

3.7 Time of retirement

A Director's retirement under rule 3.2 or 3.5 takes effect at the end of the relevant annual

general meeting unless the Director is re-elected at that meeting.

3.8 Cessation of Director's appointment

The office of a Director automatically becomes vacant if the person who holds the office:

(a) becomes an insolvent under administration;

(b) is not permitted by applicable law (or an order made under applicable law) to be a

Director or vacates office by force of applicable law;

(c) becomes of unsound mind or physically or mentally incapable of performing the

functions of that office;

(d) fails to attend (either personally or by an Alternate) 3 consecutive Board meetings

(not including meetings of a committee of the Board) without leave of absence from

the Board;

(e) resigns by notice in writing to the Company; or

(f) is removed from office under rule 3.9.

3.9 Removal from office

Whether or not a Director's appointment was expressed to be for a specified period, subject

to the Corporations Act the Company by ordinary resolution may remove a Director from

office.

3.10 Too few Directors

If the number of Directors is reduced below the minimum required by rule 3.1, the

continuing Directors may act as the Board only:

(a) to appoint Directors up to that minimum number;

(b) to convene a meeting of members; and

(c) in emergencies.

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7.

4. ALTERNATE DIRECTORS

4.1 Appointment of Alternates

A Director (other than an Alternate) may appoint a person who is approved by the Board

(without the vote of the Appointor) to act as Alternate for a specified period or each time

the Appointor is unable to attend a Board meeting or a meeting of a committee of the

Board or act as a Director.

4.2 Notice of Board meetings

The Company must give the Alternate notice of Board meetings or meetings of a

committee of the Board only if the Appointor requests it to do so.

4.3 Obligations and entitlements of Alternates

An Alternate:

(a) may attend and vote in place of the Appointor at a Board meeting or a meeting of a

committee of the Board at which the Appointor is not present;

(b) if also a Director, has a separate right to vote as Alternate;

(c) if Alternate for more than 1 Appointor, has a separate right to vote in place of each

Appointor;

(d) when acting as Alternate, is an officer of the Company and subject to all the duties,

and entitled to exercise all the powers and rights, of the Appointor as a Director;

and

(e) is entitled to reasonable travelling, hotel and other expenses incurred in attending

meetings of the Company of the Board or of committees of the Board while

otherwise engaged on the business of the Company on the same basis as other

Directors but is not entitled to any other remuneration from the Company (but the

Appointor may further remunerate the Alternate).

4.4 Termination of appointment

An Appointor at any time may revoke the appointment of a person as an Alternate. Any

appointment of an Alternate made by the Appointor immediately ceases if:

(a) the Appointor ceases to be a Director; or

(b) an event occurs which would cause the Alternate to vacate office under rule 3.8 if

the Alternate were a Director.

4.5 Appointments and revocations in writing

An Appointor must appoint, and revoke the appointment of, any Alternate in writing. The

appointment or revocation is not effective until a copy is provided to the Company.

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8.

5. POWERS OF THE BOARD

5.1 Powers generally

Except as otherwise required by the Corporations Act, any other applicable law, the Listing

Rules or this document, the Board:

(a) has exclusive power to manage the business of the Company; and

(b) subject to rule 5.3, may exercise every right, power or capacity of the Company to

the exclusion of the Company in general meeting and the members.

5.2 Exercise of powers

A power of the Board can, without limitation, be exercised:

(a) by resolution passed by the Board (including a resolution under rule 12.8); or

(b) in accordance with a delegation of the power under rules 7, 8 or 26.17.

5.3 Sale of main undertaking

Unless otherwise permitted by the Listing Rules or the Corporations Act, the Board must

not sell or dispose of the main undertaking of the Company unless the decision is ratified

by the Company in general meeting.

6. EXECUTING NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS

6.1 Board's powers

The Board must decide the manner (including the use of facsimile signatures if thought

appropriate) in which negotiable instruments can be executed, accepted or endorsed for and

on behalf of the Company. The Company may execute, accept, or endorse negotiable

instruments only in the manner for the time being decided by the Board.

6.2 Delegation of powers

Nothing in rule 6.1 limits the Board's ability to delegate its powers in accordance with

rule 8.

7. MANAGING DIRECTOR

7.1 Appointment and power of Managing Director

(a) The Board may appoint 1 or more Directors to be a Managing Director either for a

specified term (but not for life) or without specifying a term.

(b) The Board may delegate any of the powers of the Board to a Managing Director:

(i) on the terms and subject to any restrictions the Board decides; and

(ii) so as to be concurrent with, or to the exclusion of, the powers of the Board.

253484837.03

9.

(c) The Board may revoke the delegation at any time.

7.2 Retirement and removal of Managing Director

Subject to rule 7.3, a Managing Director is not:

(a) subject to automatic retirement under rule 3.2; or

(b) required to retire under rule 3.5,

but (subject to any contract between the Company and that Managing Director) is

otherwise subject to the same rules regarding resignation, removal and retirement from

office as the other Directors.

7.3 Multiple Managing Directors

If there are 2 or more Managing Directors at the same time:

(a) the Board may nominate 1 of them as the Managing Director to be exempted from

retirement:

(i) under rule 3.2; and

(ii) under rule 3.5,

and may revoke the nomination at any time; and

(b) if a Managing Director has been nominated under rule 7.3(a) and the Board later

nominates a different Managing Director under that rule, the one first nominated

must retire at the next annual general meeting after the later nomination.

If none of the Managing Directors (if more than 1) is the subject of a current nomination

under rule 7.3(a), each of them must retire under rule 3.5.

7.4 Termination of appointment of Managing Director

Whether or not the appointment of a Managing Director was expressed to be for a specified

term, the appointment of a Managing Director terminates if:

(a) the Managing Director ceases for any reason to be a Director;

(b) the Board removes the Managing Director from the office of Managing Director

(which, subject to any contract between the Company and the Managing Director,

the Board has power to do); or

(c) the Managing Director ceases to be employed by the Company, unless the Board

decides differently.

8. DELEGATION OF BOARD POWERS

8.1 Delegation to committee or attorney

The Board may delegate any of its powers:

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10.

(a) to a Director; or

(b) to a committee (which need not include a Director);

(c) to any other person or persons; or

(d) to an attorney,

and may revoke a delegation previously made whether or not the delegation is expressed to

be for a specified period. This rule is supplemental to the Corporations Act.

8.2 Terms of delegation

A delegation of powers under rule 8.1 may be made:

(a) for a specified period or without specifying a period; and

(b) on the terms (including power to further delegate) and subject to any restrictions the

Board decides.

Power exercised in accordance with a delegation of the Board is treated as exercised by the

Board.

8.3 Powers of attorney

A power of attorney granted under rule 8.1 may contain any provisions for the protection

and convenience of those who deal with the attorney that the Board thinks appropriate.

8.4 Proceedings of committees

Subject to the terms on which a power of the Board is delegated to a committee, the

meetings and proceedings of committees are, so far as they can be (modified as necessary),

governed by the rules of this document which regulate the meetings and proceedings of the

Board.

9. DIRECTOR'S DUTIES AND INTERESTS

9.1 Scope of Directors' duties

A Director is not disqualified by reason only of being a Director from:

(a) holding any office or place of profit or employment (other than that of the

Company's auditor);

(b) being a member or creditor of any corporation (including the Company) or

partnership other than the auditor; or

(c) entering into any agreement with the Company.

9.2 Declaration of interests

A Director must comply with the Corporations Act in relation to disclosure of interests.

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9.3 Director interested in a matter

Each Director must comply with the Corporations Act in relation to not being present, or

voting, at a Board meeting that considers a matter in which the Director has a material

personal interest. Subject to the Corporations Act:

(a) a Director may be counted in a quorum at a Board meeting that considers, and may

vote on:

(i) any matter in which the Director has an interest; and

(ii) without limiting subparagraph (i),whether the Company enters into an

agreement or proposed agreement in which that Director has an interest;

(b) the Company may enter into the agreement and the Director may participate in the

execution of any relevant document by or on behalf of the Company;

(c) the Director may be counted in a quorum at a Board meeting that considers, and

may vote on, matters involving the agreement; and

(d) if any disclosure required under the Corporations Act is made before the agreement

is entered into:

(i) the Director may retain benefits under the agreement even though the

Director has an interest in the agreement; and

(ii) the Company cannot avoid the agreement merely because of the existence of

the Director's interest.

9.4 Agreements with third parties

The Company cannot avoid an agreement with a third party merely because a Director:

(a) fails to make a disclosure required under the Corporations Act; or

(b) is present at, or counted in the quorum for, a meeting that considers, votes on, or

participates in the execution of, that agreement in breach of the Corporations Act.

9.5 Obligation of secrecy

Every Director and Secretary must keep the transactions and affairs of the Company and

the state of its accounts confidential unless required to disclose them:

(a) in the course of duties as an officer of the Company;

(b) by the Board or the Company in general meeting; or

(c) by law or under the Listing Rules.

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The Company may require a Director, Secretary, auditor, trustee, committee member or

other person engaged by it to sign a confidentiality undertaking consistent with this rule. A

Director or Secretary must do so if required by the Company.

10. DIRECTORS' REMUNERATION

10.1 Remuneration of Executive Directors

Subject to any contract with the Company and to the Listing Rules, the Board may fix the

remuneration of each Executive Director. That remuneration may consist of salary,

bonuses or any other elements but must not be a commission on or percentage of profits or

operating revenue.

10.2 Remuneration of non-executive Directors

The Directors (other than the Executive Directors and those who are Directors only

because they are Alternates) are entitled to be paid for their services as directors, out of the

funds of the Company, an amount of Remuneration which:

(a) does not:

(i) in any year exceed in aggregate the amount last fixed by ordinary

resolution; or

(ii) consist of a commission on or percentage of profits or operating revenue;

and

(b) is allocated among them:

(i) on an equal basis having regard to the proportion of the relevant year for

which each Director held office; or

(ii) as otherwise decided by the Board; and

(c) is provided in the manner the Board decides, which may include provision of

non cash benefits (and, to avoid doubt, such non cash benefits may include the issue

or purchase of shares in the Company or the grant of options over shares in the

Company).

If the Board decides to include non cash benefits in a Director's Remuneration, the Board

must also decide the manner in which the value of those benefits is to be calculated for the

purposes of this rule.

The Remuneration of a Director is taken to accrue from day to day, except that

Remuneration in the form of a non-cash benefit is taken to accrue at the time that the

benefit is provided to the Director, subject to the terms on which the benefit is provided.

10.3 Additional Remuneration for extra services

If a Director, at the request of the Board and for the purposes of the Company, performs

extra services or makes special exertions (including going or living away from the

Director's usual residential address), the Company may pay that Director a fixed sum set by

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13.

the Board for doing so. Remuneration under this rule may be either in addition to or in

substitution for any remuneration to which that Director is entitled under rules 10.1 or 10.2.

10.4 Expenses of Directors

The Company may pay a Director (in addition to any remuneration) all reasonable

expenses (including travelling and accommodation expenses) incurred by the Director:

(a) in attending meetings of the Company, the Board, or a committee of the Board;

(b) on the business of the Company; or

(c) in carrying out duties as a Director.

10.5 Directors' retirement benefits

Subject to the Corporations Act and the Listing Rules, the Company may:

(a) agree with a Director or person about to become a Director that, when or after the

person dies or ceases to be a Director, the Company will pay a pension or lump sum

benefit to:

(i) that person; or

(ii) after that person's death, any of the surviving spouse, dependants or legal

personal representatives of that person; or

(b) pay a pension or lump sum benefit of the type referred to in paragraph (a) whether

or not the Company has agreed to do so.

11. OFFICERS' INDEMNITY AND INSURANCE

11.1 Indemnity

Subject to and so far as may be permitted under applicable law, the Company may:

(a) indemnify any officer or employee of the Company or any of its wholly-owned

subsidiaries, or its auditor, against all Liabilities incurred as such an officer,

employee or auditor to a person including a Liability incurred as a result of

appointment or nomination by the Company or wholly-owned subsidiary as a

trustee or as an officer or employee of another corporation;

(b) make a payment (whether by way of advance, loan or otherwise) in respect of legal

costs incurred by an officer or employee or auditor in defending an action for a

Liability incurred as such an officer, employee or auditor or in resisting or

responding to actions taken by a government agency, a duly constituted Royal

Commission or other official inquiry, a liquidator, administrator, trustee in

bankruptcy or other authorised official.

In this rule, "Liabilities" means liabilities of any kind (whether actual or contingent and

whether fixed or unascertained) and includes costs, damages and expenses, including costs

and expenses incurred in connection with any investigation or inquiry by a government

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agency, a duly constituted Royal Commission or other official inquiry, a liquidator,

administrator, trustee in bankruptcy or other authorised official.

11.2 Insurance

Subject to applicable law, the Company may enter into, and pay premiums on, a contract of

insurance in respect of any person.

11.3 Former officers

The indemnity in favour of officers under rule 11.1 applies in respect of all acts done by a

person while an officer of the Company or one of its subsidiaries even though the person is

not an officer:

(a) at the time the claim is made; or

(b) at the date of adoption of this constitution.

11.4 Deeds

Subject to applicable law, where the Board considers it appropriate to do so, the Company

may bind itself in any contract or deed with any officer or employee of the Company or

wholly-owned subsidiary to indemnify the officer or employee and to enter into and pay

premiums on contracts insuring the officer or employee against liability.

11.5 No limitation on other rights

This rule 11 does not limit any other rights of a person or the powers of the Company to

indemnify any person or to do anything else which it may do under applicable law.

12. BOARD MEETINGS

12.1 Convening Board meetings

A Director may at any time, and the Secretary must on request from a Director, convene a

Board meeting.

12.2 Notice of Board meeting

(a) The convenor of each Board meeting:

(i) must give reasonable notice of the meeting (and, if it is adjourned, of its

resumption) individually to:

(A) each Director; and

(B) each Alternate in respect of whom the Appointor has given notice

under rule 4.2 requesting notice of Board meetings to be given to

that Alternate; and

(ii) may give that notice orally (including by telephone) or in writing.

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(b) Each Director must notify to the Company an address in Australia or New Zealand,

and may notify a fax number or electronic address, as the Director's address to

which notices of Board meetings are to be given.

(c) Accidental failure to give notice to, or non-receipt of notice by, a Director does not

result in a Board meeting being invalid.

12.3 Use of technology

(a) Subject to the Corporations Act, a Board meeting may be held using any

technology. A Board meeting held solely or partly by technology is treated as held

at the place at which the greatest number of the Directors present at the meeting is

located or, if an equal number of Directors is located in each of 2 or more places, at

the place where the chairman of the meeting is located.

(b) If, before or during a meeting, any technical difficulty occurs where one or more

Directors cease to participate, the Chairman may adjourn the meeting until the

difficulty is remedied or may, where a quorum of Directors remains present,

continue the meeting.

12.4 Chairing Board meetings

(a) The Board may elect a Director as chairman of its meetings and may elect one or

more Directors as deputy chairman. The Board may decide the period for which

those Directors hold their respective offices.

(b) If there is no chairman or deputy chairman of Directors or if none of them are

present within 15 minutes after the time for which a Board meeting is called or is

unwilling to act, the Directors present must elect a Director present to chair the

meeting.

12.5 Quorum

Unless the Board decides otherwise, the quorum for a Board meeting is 2 Directors and a

quorum must be present for the whole meeting. An Alternate who is also a Director or a

person who is an Alternate for more than 1 Appointor may only be counted once toward a

quorum. A Director is treated as present at a meeting held by any technology if the

Director is able to communicate with all others attending. If a meeting is held in another

way permitted by the Corporations Act (including any other means of technology), the

Board must resolve the basis on which Directors are treated as present.

12.6 Majority decisions

A resolution of the Board must be passed by a majority of the votes cast by Directors

present and entitled to vote on the resolution. If an equal number of votes is cast for and

against a resolution:

(a) the chairman of the meeting has a second or casting vote unless:

(i) only 2 Directors are entitled to vote; or

(ii) the chairman of the meeting is not entitled to vote; and

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(b) if the chairman does not have a second or casting vote under rule 12.6(a), the matter

is decided in the negative.

12.7 Procedural rules

The Board may adjourn and, subject to this document, otherwise regulate its meetings as it

decides.

12.8 Written resolutions

If:

(a) each Director, and each Alternate in respect of whom the Appointor has given

notice under rule 4.2, is given a document setting out a proposed resolution; and

(b) at least two-thirds of the Directors who are entitled to vote on the resolution state

that they are in favour of the resolution by signing the document,

a Board resolution in those terms is passed at the time when the last of the Directors who

constitute the majority signs.

12.9 Additional provisions concerning written resolutions

For the purpose of rule 12.8:

(a) a document may be given to a Director or Alternate by sending it to the place or

address (including electronic address) notified by the Director or Alternate from

time to time for the purposes of rule 12.2;

(b) 2 or more separate documents in identical terms, each of which is signed by 1 or

more Directors, are treated as 1 document;

(c) signature of a document by an Alternate is not required if the Appointor of that

Alternate has signed the document;

(d) signature of a document by the Appointor of an Alternate is not required if that

Alternate has signed the document in that capacity;

(e) a telex, telegram or facsimile or a message in electronic form containing the text of

the document expressed to have been signed by a Director that is sent to the

Company is a document deemed to be signed by that Director at the time of its

receipt by the Company;

(f) if a Director informs the chairman of the Board or the Secretary by telephonic or

other electronic means that he or she approves a proposed resolution which is set

out in a document, the document setting out the proposed resolution is deemed to be

signed by the Director at the time when the chairman or Secretary is so informed by

the Director;

(g) if the chairman of the Board or the Secretary records in writing that he or she has

been informed by a Director by telephonic or other electronic means that he or she

approves a proposed resolution which is set out in a document, that record is taken

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to be conclusive evidence that the Director so informed the chairman of the Board

or the Secretary that he or she approved the proposed resolution set out in the

document; and

(h) accidental failure to give notice of a document under rule 12.8, or non-receipt of

such document by a Director, does not result in the resolution being invalid.

12.10 Valid proceedings

Each resolution passed or thing done by, or with the participation of, a person acting as a

Director or member of a committee is valid even if it is later discovered that:

(a) there was a defect in the appointment of the person; or

(b) the person was disqualified from continuing in office, voting on the resolution or

doing the thing.

13. MEETINGS OF MEMBERS

13.1 Annual general meeting

The Company must hold an annual general meeting as required by the Corporations Act.

13.2 Calling meetings of members

A meeting of members:

(a) may be convened at any time by the Board; and

(b) must be convened by the Board when required by the Corporations Act or by an

order made under the Corporations Act.

13.3 Notice of meeting

Notice of a meeting of members must be given in accordance with the Corporations Act.

The notice of meeting must comply with the Corporations Act and with the Listing Rules

and may be given in any manner permitted by the Corporations Act.

13.4 Postponement or cancellation

Subject to the Corporations Act, the Board may:

(a) postpone a meeting of members; or

(b) cancel a meeting of members; or

(c) change the place for a general meeting,

by written notice:

(d) published in a daily newspaper circulating in Australia; or

(e) given to ASX; or

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(f) subject to the Corporations Act and the Listing Rules, given in any other manner

determined by the Board.

13.5 Content of notice of meeting

(a) Subject to the Corporations Act, the Board may determine the contents of the notice

of meeting of members called by the Board, as the Board thinks fit. The notice

must state the general nature of the meeting's business and any other matters

required by the Corporations Act. No business may be transacted at the meeting

unless the general nature of the business is stated in the notice.

(b) Subject to the Corporations Act, no person may move any amendment to a

resolution which has its terms set out in the notice of meeting or to a document

which relates to that resolution (a copy of which has been made available to

members to inspect or obtain), without the approval of the chairman of the meeting.

13.6 Chairman's powers at a meeting of members

(a) The chairman of a meeting of members:

(i) is responsible for the general conduct and procedures to be adopted at the

meeting;

(ii) may, subject to the Corporations Act, at any time terminate discussion or

debate on any matter being considered by the meeting, where the chairman

considers it necessary or desirable for the proper and orderly conduct of the

meeting;

(iii) may, subject to the Corporations Act, eject a member from the meeting, at

any time the chairman considers it is necessary or desirable for the proper

and orderly conduct of the meeting; and

(iv) may require the adoption of any procedure which is in the chairman's

opinion necessary or desirable for proper and orderly debate or discussion

and the proper and orderly casting or recording of votes at the meeting,

and a decision by the chairman under this rule is final.

(b) The chairman of a meeting may invite a person who is not a member to attend and

to speak at the meeting.

(c) The chairman may invite a person who is not in attendance at the meeting, and

whether or not a member, to ask a question or make a comment during the meeting

by electronic or other means approved by the chairman.

(d) Subject to rule 13.9, if the chairman considers that there are too many persons in

attendance at a meeting to fit into the venue where the meeting is to be held, the

chairman may nominate a separate meeting place using any technology that gives

the members as a whole a reasonable opportunity to participate.

(e) The chairman's rights under this rule 13.6 are exclusive to the chairman.

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13.7 Fresh notice

If a meeting of members is postponed or adjourned for 1 month or more, the Company

must give new notice of the resumed meeting.

13.8 Notice to joint holders of shares

If a share is held jointly, the Company need only give notice of a meeting of members (or

of any cancellation or postponement notice of which is given to members) to the joint

holder who is named first in the Register.

13.9 Technology

(a) The Company may hold a meeting of members at 2 or more venues using any

technology that gives the members as a whole a reasonable opportunity to

participate.

(b) If, before or during a meeting of members any technical difficulty occurs where all

members may not be able to participate, the Chairman may:

(i) adjourn the meeting until the difficulty is remedied; or

(ii) where a quorum remains present (in the venue at which the Chairman is

present) and able to participate, subject to the Corporations Act, continue

the meeting.

13.10 Admission to general meetings

The chairman of a meeting of members may take any action the chairman considers

appropriate for the safety of persons attending the meeting and the orderly conduct of the

meeting and may refuse admission to, or require to leave and remain out of, the meeting

any person:

(a) in possession of a pictorial-recording or sound-recording device;

(b) in possession of a placard or banner;

(c) in possession of an article considered by the chairman to be dangerous, offensive or

liable to cause disruption;

(d) who refuses to produce or to permit examination of any article, or the contents of

any article, in the person's possession;

(e) who behaves or threatens to behave in a dangerous, offensive or disruptive way; or

(f) who is not entitled to receive notice of the meeting.

The chairman may delegate the powers conferred by this rule to any person.

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13.11 Accidental omission

The accidental omission to give a notice of meeting to, or the non-receipt of a notice by

meeting by, any of those entitled to receive the notice does not invalidate any resolution

passed at a meeting of members.

13.12 Class meetings

Rules 13 to 17 inclusive apply to a separate meeting of a class of members (as far as they

are capable of application) modified as necessary.

14. PROCEEDINGS AT MEETINGS OF MEMBERS

14.1 Member present at meeting

If a member has appointed a proxy or attorney or (in the case of a member which is a body

corporate) a representative to act at a meeting of members, that member is taken to be

present at a meeting at which the proxy, attorney or representative is present.

14.2 Quorum

The quorum for a meeting of members is 3 Voting Members. Each individual present may

only be counted once toward a quorum. If a member has appointed more than 1 proxy or

representative only 1 of them may be counted toward a quorum. A quorum must be

present during the entirety of the meeting.

14.3 Quorum not present

If a quorum is not present within 15 minutes after the time for which a meeting of members

is called:

(a) if called as a result of a request of members under the Corporations Act, the

meeting is dissolved; and

(b) in any other case:

(i) the meeting is adjourned to the day, time and place that the Directors

present decide and notify to members, or if no decision is notified before

then, to the same time on the same day in the next week at the same place;

and

(ii) if a quorum is not present at the adjourned meeting, the meeting is

dissolved.

14.4 Chairing meetings of members

If the Board has appointed a Director to chair Board meetings, that Director may also chair

meetings of members. If:

(a) there is no Director appointed by the Board to chair Board meetings for the time

being; or

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(b) the Director appointed to chair Board meetings is not present at the time a meeting

of members is called, or is not willing to chair the meeting,

the meeting may be chaired by another Director chosen by a majority of the Directors

present or, failing that, a majority of Voting Members present must elect a Director present

(or where no such Director is willing to act, a member present) to chair the meeting.

14.5 Attendance at meetings of members

(a) Subject to rule 14.6, every member has the right to attend all meetings of members

whether or not entitled to vote.

(b) Every Director has the right to attend and speak at all meetings of members of the

Company.

(c) The auditor has the right to attend any meeting of members of the Company and to

speak on any part of the business of the meeting which concerns the auditor in the

capacity of auditor.

14.6 Members rights suspended while call unpaid

If a call on a share is due and unpaid, the holding of that share does not entitle a member to

be present, speak or vote at, or be counted in the quorum for, a meeting of members.

14.7 Right of auditor to attend meetings

The auditor is entitled to attend any general meeting of the Company.

14.8 Adjournment

(a) Subject to rule 13.7, the chairman of a meeting of members at which a quorum is

present:

(i) may adjourn or postpone from time to time or place to place the meeting or

any business, motion, question or resolution being considered or remaining

to be considered by the meeting or any debate or discussion;

(ii) may at any time during the course of the meeting adjourn or defer any

business, motion, question, resolution, debate or discussion either to a later

time at the same meeting or to an adjourned meeting; and

(b) The chairman's rights under paragraph (a) are exclusive, and unless the chairman

requires otherwise, no vote may be taken or demanded by the members present

concerning any postponement or adjournment.

14.9 Business at adjourned meetings

The only business that may be transacted at a meeting resumed after an adjournment is the

business left unfinished immediately before the adjournment.

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15. PROXIES, ATTORNEYS AND REPRESENTATIVES

15.1 Appointment of a proxy

A member may appoint up to 2 proxies to attend and act for the member at a meeting of

members. An appointment of a proxy must be made by written notice lodged or deposited

with the Company as required by rule 15.4:

(a) that complies with the Corporations Act; or

(b) in any other form and mode that complies with the Listing Rules and is, and is

signed or authenticated by the member in a manner, satisfactory to the Board.

If a member appoints 2 proxies and the appointment does not specify the proportion or

number of the member's votes each proxy may exercise (subject to rule 16.2(a)(i), each

proxy may exercise half of those votes. Any instrument of proxy deposited under this rule

15 in which no person is named as the proxy, is treated as having been given in favour of

the chairman of the meeting.

15.2 Appointment of an attorney

A member may appoint an attorney to attend and act for the member at a meeting of the

Company. If the appointor is an individual, the power of attorney must be signed in the

presence of a witness. An attorney, if authorised by the power, may appoint a proxy to act

at a meeting of the Company.

15.3 Appointment of a corporate representative

A member that is a body corporate may appoint an individual to act as its representative at

meetings of members as permitted by the Corporations Act. Evidence of the appointment

may be deposited with the Company in any form satisfactory to the Board.

15.4 Deposit of proxy forms and powers of attorney

An appointment of a proxy or an attorney, or the revocation of the appointment of a proxy

or attorney, is not effective for a particular meeting of members unless the instrument

effecting the appointment or revocation (as the case may be), together with any evidence

required under rule 15.5, is received by the Company at its registered office or is

transmitted to and received at a fax number at that office (or another address (including

electronic address) specified for the purpose in the relevant notice of meeting):

(a) at least 48 hours before the time for which the meeting was called; or

(b) if the meeting has been adjourned, at least 48 hours before the resumption of the

meeting; or

(c) in either case, within any greater time before the meeting permitted by the

Corporations Act.

15.5 Evidence of proxy forms, powers of attorney and other appointments

The Board may require evidence of:

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(a) in the case of a proxy form executed or otherwise authenticated by an attorney, the

relevant power of attorney or other authority under which the appointment was

authenticated or a certified copy of it;

(b) in the case of an attorney, the power of attorney or a certified copy of it;

(c) in the case of a corporate representative, the appointment of the representative in

accordance with the Corporations Act (for example, a copy of the minute recording

the resolution by which the representative was appointed, certified as true and

correct by a director or secretary of the body corporate, or a certificate duly

executed by the body corporate certifying the appointment of the representative); or

(d) in the case of any appointment under this rule 15 which is transmitted to the

Company electronically, the identity of the person who transmitted the message

containing the appointment.

15.6 Standing appointments

A member may appoint a proxy, attorney or representative to act at a particular meeting of

members or make a standing appointment and may revoke any appointment. A proxy,

attorney or representative need not be a member.

15.7 Suspension of proxy or attorney's powers if member present

(a) A proxy or attorney has no power to act for a member at a meeting at which the

member is present:

(i) in the case of an individual, in person; or

(ii) in the case of a body corporate, by a representative.

(b) A proxy has no power to act for a member at a meeting at which the member is

present by an attorney.

15.8 Priority of conflicting appointments of attorney or representative

If more than 1 attorney or representative appointed by a member is present at a meeting of

members and the Company has not received notice of revocation of any of the

appointments:

(a) an attorney or representative appointed to act at that particular meeting may act to

the exclusion of an attorney or representative appointed under a standing

appointment; and

(b) subject to rule 15.7(a)(i), an attorney or representative appointed under the most

recent appointment may act to the exclusion of an attorney or representative

appointed earlier in time.

15.9 More than 2 current proxy appointments

An appointment of a proxy by a member is revoked (or, in the case of a standing

appointment, suspended for that particular meeting) if the Company receives a further

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appointment of a proxy from that member which would result in there being more than 2

proxies of that member entitled to act at a meeting. The appointment of proxy made first in

time is the first to be treated as revoked or suspended by this rule.

15.10 Continuing authority

An act done at a meeting of members by a proxy, an attorney or a representative is valid

even if, before the act is done, the appointing member:

(a) dies or becomes mentally incapacitated;

(b) becomes bankrupt or an insolvent under administration or is wound up;

(c) revokes the appointment or the authority under which the appointment was made by

a third party; or

(d) transfers the share to which the appointment relates,

unless the Company has received written notice of the matter before the start or resumption

of the meeting at which the vote is cast, or in a case where paragraph (c) applies, in

accordance with rule 15.4.

15.11 Joint holders

Subject to the Corporations Act, if a share is held jointly, the Board may accept an

appointment of proxy under this rule 15, even if it is signed by only 1 of the holders.

16. ENTITLEMENT TO VOTE

16.1 Determining voting entitlements

To determine who are members of the Company and entitled to vote at a meeting of

members and how many shares they hold, the Company must refer only:

(a) if, before notice of the meeting was given, the convenor of the meeting determined

a specified time under the Corporations Act - to the Register as it stood at that time;

or

(b) if no determination was made - to the Register as it stood 48 hours before the

meeting or at any later time required by the ASX Settlement Rules.

16.2 Number of votes

Subject to the Corporations Act, rules 14.6, 15, 16.4, 16.5, 16.6, 17.5, 17.6, 17.7, 17.8, 30.4

and 32.8 and the terms on which shares are issued:

(a) on a show of hands:

(i) if a member has appointed 2 proxies, neither of those proxies may vote; and

(ii) subject to rule 16.2(a)(i), every member present in person or by proxy,

attorney or representative has 1 vote;

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(b) on a poll every member entitled to vote, present in person or by proxy, attorney or

representative:

(i) has 1 vote for every fully paid share held; and

(ii) subject to clause 16.2(c), in respect of each partly paid share held has a

fraction of a vote equal to the proportion which the amount paid bears to the

total issue price of the share; and

(c) unless:

(i) permitted under the Listing Rules; and

(ii) otherwise provided in the terms upon which shares are issued,

in calculating the fraction of a vote which the holder of a partly paid share has, the

Company must not count an amount:

(iii) paid in advance of a call; or

(iv) credited on a partly paid share without payment in money or money's worth

being made to the Company.

16.3 No casting vote of chairman

The Chairman of a meeting of members does not have a casting vote. If an equal number

of votes is cast for and against a resolution, the matter is decided in the negative.

16.4 Votes of joint holders

If more than 1 of the joint holders of a share (including, for the purposes of this rule, joint

legal personal representatives of a dead member) are present at a meeting of members and

tender a vote in respect of the share, the Company may only count the vote cast by the joint

holder named earlier in the Register.

16.5 Votes of transmittees and guardians

Subject to the Corporations Act, if the Board is satisfied at least 48 hours before the time

fixed for a meeting, that a person:

(a) is entitled to the transmission of a share under rule 31; or

(b) has power to manage a member's property under a law relating to the management

of property of the mentally incapable,

that person may vote as if registered as the holder of the share and the Company must not

count the vote (if any) of the actual registered holder.

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16.6 Voting restrictions

If:

(a) the Corporations Act or the Listing Rules require that some members are not to vote

on a resolution, or that votes cast by some members be disregarded, in order for the

resolution to have an intended effect; and

(b) the notice of the meeting at which the resolution is proposed states that fact,

those members have no right to vote on that resolution and the Company must not count

any votes purported to be cast by those members. If a proxy purports to vote in a way or in

circumstances that contravene the Corporations Act, on a show of hands the vote is invalid

and the Company must not count it and on a poll rule 17.3 applies.

16.7 Decision on right to vote

A Voting Member or Director may challenge a person's right to vote at a meeting of

members. A challenge may only be made at the meeting. A challenge, or any other doubt

as to the validity of a vote, must be decided by the chairman of the meeting of members,

whose decision is final.

17. HOW VOTING IS CARRIED OUT

17.1 Method of voting

A resolution put to the vote at a meeting of members must be decided on a show of hands

unless a poll is demanded:

(a) by the chairman under rule 17.2(a), before the show of hands is held; or

(b) otherwise under rule 17.2, either before or on declaration of the result of the vote on

a show of hands.

17.2 Demand for a poll

A poll may be demanded on any resolution, except a resolution concerning the election of

the chairman of a meeting or an adjournment of a meeting, by:

(a) the chairman;

(b) at least 5 members entitled to vote on the resolution; or

(c) members entitled to cast at least 5% of the votes that may be cast on the resolution

on a poll (worked out as at the time required by the Corporations Act).

The demand for a poll may be withdrawn and does not affect the continuation of the

meeting for the transaction of other business.

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17.3 When and how polls must be taken

If a poll is demanded:

(a) subject to rule 14.8(b), if the resolution is for the adjournment of the meeting, the

poll must be taken immediately and, subject to rule 17.3(c), in the manner that the

chairman of the meeting directs;

(b) in all other cases, the poll must be taken at the time and place and, subject to

rule 17.3(c), in the manner that the chairman of the meeting directs;

(c) votes which the Corporations Act requires to be cast in a given way must be treated

as cast in that way;

(d) a person voting who has the right to cast 2 or more votes need not cast all those

votes and may cast those votes in different ways; and

(e) the result of the poll is the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was

demanded.

17.4 Suspension of proceedings

For the purpose of allowing any poll to be taken or determined, the chairman of the

meeting may suspend the proceedings of the meeting for any period the chairman decides

without effecting an adjournment. No business may be transacted and no discussion may

take place during any suspension of proceedings unless the chairman otherwise allows.

17.5 Board may determine Direct Voting to apply

(a) The Board may determine that Voting Members may cast votes to which they are

entitled on any or all of the resolutions (including any special resolution) proposed

to be considered at, and specified in the notice convening, a meeting of members,

by Direct Vote.

(b) If the Board determines that votes may be cast by Direct Vote, the Board may make

such regulations as it considers appropriate for the casting of Direct Votes,

including regulations for:

(i) the form, method and manner of voting by Direct Vote; and

(ii) the time by which the votes of members to be cast by Direct Vote must be

received by the Company in order to be effective (the "Prescribed Time"),

which (without limiting the foregoing) may be when the poll on the relevant

resolution closes or any earlier time.

17.6 Direct Votes count on a poll

(a) Direct Votes are not counted if a resolution is decided on a show of hands.

(b) Subject to rules 17.7 and 17.8, if a poll is held on a resolution, votes cast by Direct

Vote by a member entitled to vote on the resolution are taken to have been cast on

the poll as if the member had cast the votes in the poll at the meeting, and the votes

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28.

of the member are to be counted accordingly. For the avoidance of doubt, a Direct

Vote will count as having been cast on the poll only if notice of it is received by the

Company in accordance with regulations made under rule 17.5(b) before the

Prescribed Time.

(c) A Direct Vote received by the Company on a resolution is taken to be a Direct Vote

on that resolution as amended, if the chairman of the meeting determines this is

appropriate.

(d) Receipt of a Direct Vote from a member has the effect of revoking (or, in the case

of a standing appointment, suspending) the appointment of a proxy, attorney or

representative made by the member under an instrument received by the Company

before the Direct Vote was received.

17.7 Withdrawal of Direct Vote

A Direct Vote received by the Company:

(a) may be withdrawn by the member by notice in writing received by the Company in

accordance with regulations made under rule 17.5(b) before the time so prescribed

by such regulations for a Direct Vote to be withdrawn; and

(b) is automatically withdrawn if:

(i) the member attends the meeting in person (including, in the case of a body

corporate, by representative);

(ii) the Company receives from the member a further Direct Vote or Direct

Votes (in which case the most recent Direct Vote is, subject to rules

inclusive 17.5 to 17.8 inclusive, counted in lieu of the prior Direct Vote); or

(iii) the Company receives, after the member's Direct Vote is received, an

instrument under which a proxy, attorney or representative is appointed to

act for the member at the meeting in accordance with rule 15.3 or 15.4.

A Direct Vote withdrawn under this rule is not counted.

17.8 Vote not affected by death, etc. of member

A Direct Vote received by the Company is valid even if, before the meeting, the member:

(a) dies or becomes mentally incapacitated;

(b) becomes bankrupt or an insolvent under administration or is wound up; or

(c) where the Direct Vote is cast on behalf of the member by an attorney, revokes the

appointment of the attorney or the authority under which the appointment was made

by a third party,

unless the Company has received written notice of the matter before the time prescribed by

regulations made under rule 17.5(b) for this purpose or, if no time is so prescribed, the start

or resumption of the meeting at which the vote is cast.

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18. SECRETARY

18.1 Terms and conditions of office

A Secretary holds office on the terms that the Board decides. The Board may vary any

decision previously made by it in respect of a Secretary.

18.2 Removal from office

Subject to any contract between the Company and the Secretary, the Board may remove a

Secretary from that office whether or not the appointment was expressed to be for a

specified term.

19. MINUTES

19.1 Minutes must be kept

The Board must cause minutes to be kept in accordance with the Corporations Act of:

(a) proceedings and resolutions of meetings of the members;

(b) proceedings and resolutions of Board meetings;

(c) proceedings and resolutions of meetings of a committee to which Board powers are

delegated under rule 8;

(d) the name of Directors or other persons present at each Board meeting or committee

meeting; and

(e) resolutions passed by Directors without a meeting.

19.2 Minutes as evidence

A minute recorded and signed or otherwise kept in accordance with the Corporations Act is

evidence of the proceeding, resolution or declaration to which it relates unless the contrary

is proved.

19.3 Inspection of minute books

The Company must allow members to inspect, and provide copies of, the minute books for

the meetings and other documents of the Company only if and to the extent required by the

Corporations Act.

20. COMPANY SEALS

20.1 Common seal

The Board:

(a) may decide whether or not the Company has a common seal; and

(b) is responsible for the safe custody of that seal (if any) and any duplicate seal it

decides to adopt under the Corporations Act.

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20.2 Share seal

The Board may decide whether or not the Company has a share seal, as a duplicate of the

common seal. A share seal must:

(a) be a facsimile of the common seal and have the words "share seal" on its face; and

(b) (but need not be) only be used in sealing share certificates and option certificates of

the Company and be affixed in the same manner as the common seal.

20.3 Use of seals

The common seal and share or other duplicate seal (if any) may only be used with the

authority of the Board (which may be given before or after the affixing of the seal). The

Board must not authorise the use of a seal that does not comply with the Corporations Act.

20.4 Fixing seals to documents

Without limiting the ways in which the Company can execute documents in accordance

with the Corporations Act (or otherwise) if the Company has a common seal or a share or

other duplicate seal, any document to which the seal is fixed must be signed by 2 Directors

or by a Director and Secretary, unless a different procedure is decided by the Board.

21. ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT

21.1 Company must keep accounts

The Board must cause the Company to keep written financial records that:

(a) correctly record and explain its transactions (including transactions undertaken as

trustee) and financial position and performance; and

(b) would enable true and fair financial statements to be prepared and audited,

and must allow a Director and the auditor to inspect those records at all reasonable times.

21.2 Financial reporting

The Board must cause the Company to prepare a financial report and a Directors' report

that comply with the Corporations Act and must report to members in accordance with the

Corporations Act no later than the deadline set by the Corporations Act.

21.3 Audit

The Board must cause the Company's financial report for each financial year to be audited

and obtain an auditor's report. The eligibility, appointment, removal, remuneration, rights

and duties of the auditor are regulated by the Corporations Act.

21.4 Conclusive reports

Audited financial reports laid before the Company in general meetings are conclusive

except as regards errors notified to the Company within 3 months after the relevant general

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31.

meeting. If the Company receives notice of an error within that period, it must

immediately correct the report and the report as corrected is then conclusive.

21.5 Inspection of financial records and books

Subject to rule 19.3 and unless otherwise required under the Corporations Act, a member

who is not a Director does not have any right to inspect any document of the Company

except as authorised by the Board.

22. SHARES

22.1 Issue at discretion of Board

Subject to the Corporations Act and rule 22.3, the Board may, on behalf of the Company,

issue, grant options over or otherwise dispose of unissued shares to any person on any

terms and at the times that the Board decides.

22.2 Preference and redeemable preference shares

The Company may issue preference shares (including preference shares that are liable to be

redeemed). The rights attached to preference shares are:

(a) the rights set out in or determined in accordance with rule 23; or

(b) the rights otherwise approved in accordance with the Corporations Act.

22.3 Restrictions on issue

The Company must not issue shares or grant options if the issue or grant would result in a

breach of the Listing Rules.

22.4 Brokerage and commissions

The Company may pay brokerage or commissions to a person in respect of that person or

another person agreeing to take up shares in the Company.

22.5 Surrender of shares

The Board may accept a surrender of shares:

(a) to compromise a question as to whether those shares have been validly issued; or

(b) if surrender is otherwise within the Company's powers.

The Company may sell or re-issue surrendered shares in the same way as forfeited shares.

22.6 Variation of rights

If the Company issues different classes of shares, or divides issued shares into different

classes, the rights attached to shares in any class may (subject to the Corporations Act) be

varied or cancelled only:

(a) with the written consent of the holders of 75% of the issued shares of the affected

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32.

class; or

(b) by special resolution passed at a separate meeting of the holders of the issued shares

of the affected class.

Subject to the terms of issue of shares, the rights attached to a class of shares are not treated

as varied by the issue of further shares which rank equally with that existing class for

participation in profits and assets of the Company. The rules relating to general meetings

of the Company and proceedings at those meetings apply (modified as necessary) to a

separate meeting of a class of holders convened for the purpose of this rule 22.6, except

that:

(c) a quorum is at least 2 persons holding or representing by proxy one-third of the

issued shares of the class (but so that if at any adjourned meeting a quorum is not

present, any 2 holders of shares of the class present in person or by proxy shall be a

quorum); and

(d) any holder of shares of that class present in person or by proxy may demand a poll

and every such holder on a poll has one vote for every share of the class held by

him.

23. PREFERENCE SHARES

23.1 Rights attaching to preference shares

(a) The Board may, subject to this document, issue preference shares with any rights

attaching to them (including rights denoted in foreign currency) that the Board

determines prior to issue. The rights so determined need not be the same as those

attached to any preference shares then on issue.

(b) Preference shares may be issued in one or more separate series and each series will

be identified in the manner determined by the Board.

23.2 Dividend rights

(a) Without limiting the powers of the Board under this document, before allotting any

preference shares, the Board must determine the following matters or the manner in

which those matters are to be determined:

(i) the rate or amount of dividends payable on the shares (if any);

(ii) the times or circumstances for payment of dividends on the shares;

(iii) the periods in respect of which the dividends are payable;

(iv) any priority in payment of dividends on the shares in relation to other

classes of shares;

(v) whether the shares have a right to cumulative dividends or non-cumulative

dividends; and

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33.

(vi) whether the shares have any further right to participate in profits available

for dividends.

(b) The terms of issue of any preference shares may also provide:

(i) the basis (if any) upon which the amount of a dividend will be adjusted to

take account of, or by reference to, any tax or other fiscal impost, or

franking or imputation credits or both; and

(ii) that to the extent that an amount is paid to a holder of preference shares

other than by way of dividend paid by the Company, the amount of any

dividend that would (but for the terms of issue) have been payable to the

holder of the preference shares shall be reduced or extinguished.

23.3 Priority as to payment of dividends

Such of the following provisions (in whole or part) as the Board determines prior to

allotment shall apply in relation to any particular preference shares:

(a) the Company shall pay dividends on the preference shares:

(i) in priority to the payment of any dividends on the ordinary shares;

(ii) equally with dividends on all other preference shares expressed to rank

equally with them for participation in profits; and

(iii) behind dividends on all preference shares (if any) expressed to rank in

priority to them for participation in profits.

(b) Where the holder of a preference share has a right to cumulative dividends, on

redemption or in a winding up the Company must pay to the holder an amount

equal to all arrears of or accrued dividends (whether declared or not) to the date of

redemption or of commencement of the winding up (as the case may be) with the

same priority in relation to other shares as determined under rule 23.3(a).

(c) Where the holder of a preference share has a right to non-cumulative dividends, on

redemption or in a winding up, the Company must pay to the holder an amount

equal to any dividend declared but not paid before the date of redemption or of

commencement of the winding up (as the case may be) with the same priority in

relation to other shares as determined pursuant to rule 23.3(a).

23.4 Notices and reports

If required under the Corporations Act, the Listing Rules or the terms of issue of preference

shares, the Company must give the holder of a preference share notice of each meeting of

members in accordance with rule 13 and send the holder financial reports in accordance

with rule 21.2.

23.5 Voting rights

A holder of preference shares has the right to speak and vote at a meeting of members of

the Company in each of the following circumstances and in no others:

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34.

(a) during a period in which a dividend (or part of a dividend) in respect of the

preference share is in arrears;

(b) on a proposal to reduce the Company's share capital;

(c) on a resolution to approve the terms of a buy-back agreement;

(d) on a proposal that affects rights attached to the preference share;

(e) on a proposal to wind up the Company;

(f) on a proposal for the disposal of the whole of the Company's property, business and

undertaking;

(g) during the winding up of the Company; and

(h) in such other circumstances as the Board determines prior to the issue of the

preference shares.

23.6 Non-cumulative preference shares

All or any of the following provisions in whole or part shall apply in relation to any

particular non-cumulative preference shares if so determined by the Board prior to issue:

(a) If, in the opinion of the Board, the distributable profits of the Company are

sufficient to cover the payment in full of dividends on the non-cumulative

preference shares on any dividend payment date, and also the payment in full of all

dividends stated to be payable on that date on any other preference shares expressed

to rank equally with them for participation in profits, then each such dividend shall

be declared and paid in full.

(b) If, in the opinion of the Board, the distributable profits of the Company are

insufficient to cover the payment in full of dividends on the non-cumulative

preference shares on any dividend payment date, and also the payment in full of all

dividends stated to be payable on that date on any other preference shares expressed

to rank equally with them for participation in profits, then dividends shall be

declared by the Board pro rata for the non-cumulative preference shares and such

other preference shares to the extent of the available distributable profits (if any) to

the intent that the amount of dividend declared per share on each such

non-cumulative preference share and other preference share will bear to each other

the same ratio as the dividends accrued per share on each such non-cumulative

preference share and on each other preference share (including cumulative

dividends accrued if any) bear to each other. If it subsequently appears that any

such dividend should not, in accordance with the provisions of this sub-paragraph,

have been so paid, then provided the Directors have acted in good faith they shall

not incur any liability for any loss which any shareholder may suffer in

consequence of such payment having been made.

(c) If, in the opinion of the Board, the payment of any dividend on any non-cumulative

preference shares would breach or cause a breach of, or the Company is in breach

of, the capital adequacy requirements applicable to the Company and/or any of its

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35.

subsidiaries under the rules applicable to Australian banks then the amount of the

dividend shall be reduced or extinguished to the extent the Board considers

necessary having regard to those rules.

(d) Subject to rule 23.8, the non-cumulative preference shares shall carry no further

right to participate in the profits of the Company and if and to the extent that all or

any part of a dividend is on any occasion not paid for the reasons described in

paragraphs (b) or (c) of this rule 23.6, the holders of such shares shall have no claim

in respect of such non-payment.

(e) If any day on which dividends are payable on non-cumulative preference shares is

not a day on which banks in Melbourne (or such other city as may be determined by

the Board prior to issue) are open for business in Melbourne or such other city

("Business Day"), then payment of the dividend payable on such day will be made

on the next Business Day.

(f) Dividends payable on non-cumulative preference shares shall accrue from and to

the dates determined by the Board prior to issue, and the amount of dividend

payable in respect of any period shorter than a full dividend period will be

calculated on the basis of a 365 day year (or, if the Board so determines prior to

allotment, a 360 day year and 30 day months) and the actual number of days

elapsed in such period.

(g) If the dividend stated to be payable on the non-cumulative preference shares on the

most recent dividend payment date has not been declared and paid in full, or if a

sum has not been set aside to provide for such payment in full, no dividends may be

declared on any other share capital of the Company and no sum may be set aside

for the payment thereof, unless, on the date of declaration, an amount equal to the

dividend stated to be payable on the non-cumulative preference shares in respect of

the then current dividend period is set aside for the payment in full of such dividend

on the dividend payment date relating to the then current dividend period.

(h) If any dividend stated to be payable on the non-cumulative preference shares on any

dividend payment date has not been declared and paid in full, or if a sum has not

been set aside to provide for such payment in full, the Company may not without

approval of a special resolution passed at a separate general meeting of holders of

the non-cumulative preference shares in accordance with rule 22.6 redeem or

purchase or otherwise acquire for any consideration any other share capital of the

Company and may not set aside any sum nor establish any sinking fund for the

redemption, purchase or other such acquisition, or pay a cash dividend on any share

capital over which the non-cumulative preference shares rank in priority for

participation in profits until such time as dividends stated to be payable on the

non-cumulative preference shares in respect of successive dividend periods together

aggregating no less than 12 months have been declared and paid in full.

23.7 Redeemable preference shares

(a) Before issuing any preference shares, the Board must determine whether the shares

are to be redeemable or non-redeemable and, if redeemable, the Board must

determine the following matters or the manner in which those matters are to be

determined:

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36.

(i) whether the shares are to be redeemable at the option of the Company alone

or otherwise;

(ii) the redemption date or dates (which may be specified or determined by

reference to a particular event) or the circumstances in which the shares are

liable to be redeemed;

(iii) the amount payable on redemption;

(iv) any notice required or other conditions for exercise of the rights of

redemption; and

(v) the manner in which the shares are to be redeemed.

(b) Any redeemable preference shares shall be redeemed by the Company in

accordance with the terms of issue determined by the Board prior to issue.

23.8 Conversion

If so determined by the Board prior to issue any series of preference shares shall be

convertible to ordinary shares on such terms as the Board determines prior to allotment.

23.9 Variation of rights

Except in accordance with rule 22.6, the Board shall not authorise or create, or increase the

amount of, any shares of any class or any security convertible into shares of any class

ranking for participation in the profits or assets of the Company in priority to that class of

preference shares.

23.10 Priority in winding up

(a) The Board shall determine before allotment of any preference shares the priority of

the preference shares with respect to repayment of capital and the rights (if any) of

the holders to participate in any surplus assets on a winding up of the Company.

(b) If so determined by the Board before allotment, the following provisions shall

apply, namely, that the holders of the preference shares shall have the right on a

winding up of the Company to payment of a sum equal to the amount paid up or

credited as paid up on the preference shares, and of the dividends and any other

amount to which the holder is entitled in accordance with the terms of issue:

(i) in priority to any payment to ordinary shareholders;

(ii) equally with payments to holders of all other preference shares expressed to

rank equally with them on a winding up; and

(iii) behind payments to holders of all preference shares (if any) expressed to

rank in priority to them on a winding up,

but shall not participate in any surplus or other distribution of profits or assets of the

Company.

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24. CERTIFICATES

24.1 Uncertificated securities

Unless the Listing Rules and ASX Settlement Rules allow the Company to issue a

certificate for particular securities, the Company:

(a) must not issue a certificate for those securities; and

(b) may cancel a certificate for those securities without issuing another certificate.

Rules 24.3 and 24.4 apply only if there is a current certificate for particular securities.

24.2 Certificated shares

Where allowed under rule 24.1, the Company must issue a certificate of title to shares that

complies with the Corporations Act and deliver it to the holder of those shares in

accordance with the Corporations Act. The Company must not charge any fee to issue a

certificate.

24.3 Multiple certificates and joint holders

Subject to rule 24.1, if a member requests the Company to issue several certificates each

for a part of the shares registered in the member's name, the Company must do so. For this

purpose, joint holders of shares are a single member. The Company may issue only 1

certificate that relates to each share registered in the names of 2 or more joint holders and

may deliver the certificate to any of those joint holders.

24.4 Lost and worn out certificates

Subject to rule 24.1, the Company must issue a new certificate if a certificate:

(a) is lost or destroyed and the owner of the relevant securities applies in accordance

with the Corporations Act; or

(b) is defaced or worn out and is produced to the Company.

25. REGISTER

25.1 Joint holders

If the Register names 2 or more joint holders of a share, the Company must treat the person

named first in the Register in respect of that share as the sole owner of it for all purposes

(including the giving of notice) except for:

(a) delivery of certificates (to which rule 24.3 applies);

(b) right to vote (to which rule 16.4 applies);

(c) power to give directions as to payment of, or a receipt for, dividends (to which

rules 28.7 and 28.8 apply);

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(d) liability for instalments or calls (which subject to the Corporations Act is joint and

several);

(e) sale of Non-marketable Parcels under rule 32; and

(f) transfer.

25.2 Non-beneficial holders

Subject to the Corporations Act, unless otherwise ordered by a court of competent

jurisdiction or required by statute, the Company:

(a) may treat the registered holder of any share as the absolute owner of it; and

(b) need not recognise any equitable or other claim to or interest in a share by any

person except a registered holder.

25.3 Branch register

The Company may maintain a branch register of members at a place outside Australia in

accordance with the Corporations Act. The Board may make provision for transfer of

shares of the Company between the register of members and a branch register and between

branch registers.

26. PARTLY PAID SHARES

26.1 Fixed instalments

If a share is issued on terms that some or all of the issue price is payable by instalments, the

registered holder of the share must pay every instalment to the Company when due. If,

having been given notice of the instalment in accordance with rule 26.4, the registered

holder does not pay it when due, rules 26.7 to 26.16 apply as if the registered holder had

failed to pay a call.

26.2 Pre-payment of calls

The Board may:

(a) accept pre-payment of some or all of the amount unpaid on a share above the sums

actually called as a payment in advance of calls;

(b) agree to payment by the Company of interest at a rate no higher than the Interest

Rate on that part of the advance payment which for the time being exceeds the

aggregate amount of the calls then made on the shares in respect of which it was

paid; and

(c) unless otherwise agreed between the member and the Company, repay the sum or

part of the pre-payment of some or all of the amount unpaid on a share above the

sums actually called as a payment in advance of calls.

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26.3 Calls made by Board

Subject to the terms of issue of a share and to any special resolution passed under the

Corporations Act, the Board may:

(a) make calls on a member for some or all of the money unpaid on a share held by that

member;

(b) make a call payable by instalments; and

(c) revoke or postpone a call before the due date for payment.

26.4 Notice of call

The Company must give a member on whom a call has been made or from whom an

instalment is due, written notice of the call or instalment within the time limits and in the

form required by the Listing Rules.

26.5 Classes of shares

The Board may issue shares on terms as to the amount of calls to be paid and the time for

payment of those calls which are different as between the holders of those shares. The

Board may make different calls on different classes of shares.

26.6 Obligation to pay calls

Subject to the Corporations Act, a member subject to a call must pay the amount of the call

to the payee named in the notice of call no later than the time specified in the notice. Joint

holders of a share are jointly and severally liable for calls.

26.7 Called Amounts

If a call is not paid on or before the day specified for payment, the Board may require the

member liable for the call to pay:

(a) interest on the amount of the call at the Interest Rate from that day until payment is

made; and

(b) all costs and expenses incurred by the Company because payment was not made on

that day.

26.8 Proof of call

On the hearing of an action for recovery of a Called Amount, proof of the following

matters is conclusive proof of the debt:

(a) the minute books of the Company record the Board's resolution making the call;

and

(b) notice of the call was given under rules 26.4 and 36.1; and

(c) the person sued appears in the Register as a holder of the share in respect of which

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the call was made.

26.9 Forfeiture notice

At any time until a Called Amount is paid, the Board may give the relevant member a

notice which:

(a) requires the member to pay the Called Amount;

(b) states the Called Amount at the date of the notice;

(c) specifies how to calculate the Called Amount when payment is made;

(d) specifies a date at least 14 days after the date of the notice by which and a place at

which payment must be made; and

(e) states that if payment is not made at that place on or before that date, the share to

which the call relates is liable to be forfeited.

26.10 Forfeiture

If the requirements of a notice given under rule 26.9 are not satisfied, the Board may forfeit

the share in respect of which that notice was given (and all dividends, interest and other

money payable in respect of that share and not actually paid before the forfeiture) by

resolution passed before the Called Amount is paid.

26.11 Disposal and re-issue of forfeited shares

A share forfeited under rule 26.10 immediately becomes the property of the Company.

Subject to the Listing Rules, the Board, on behalf of the Company, may:

(a) re-issue the share to any person with or without any money paid on it by any former

holder credited as paid and on the terms it decides; or

(b) sell or otherwise dispose of the share to any person and on the terms it decides, and

execute and register a transfer of it.

26.12 Notice of forfeiture

The Company must promptly:

(a) give notice of the forfeiture of a share to the member who held the share

immediately before the resolution for forfeiture was passed; and

(b) enter the forfeiture and its date in the Register.

A written declaration that a share was forfeited on a specified date and notice of forfeiture

was given in accordance with this document signed by a Director or Secretary is, in the

absence of proof to the contrary, evidence of those facts and of the Company's right to

dispose of the share.

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41.

26.13 Cancellation, exemption or waiver of forfeiture

Subject to the Corporations Act and the Listing Rules, the Board may:

(a) cancel the forfeiture of a share on any terms at any time before it disposes of that

share under rule 26.11;

(b) exempt a share from any part of this rule 26; or

(c) waive or compromise all or part of any payment due to the Company under this rule

26.

26.14 Effect of forfeiture

A person who held a share which has been forfeited under rule 26.10 ceases to be a

member in respect of that share but remains liable to pay the Called Amount until it is paid

in full. The Board may elect not to enforce payment of an amount due to the Company

under this rule.

26.15 Application of proceeds

The Company must:

(a) apply the net proceeds of any re-issue, sale or disposal of a forfeited share under

rule 26.11 (after payment of all costs and expenses) to satisfy the Called Amount;

and

(b) subject to the terms of issue of the share, pay any surplus to the person who held the

share immediately before forfeiture.

26.16 Title of new holder

The title of the new holder of a forfeited share is not affected by any irregularity in the

forfeiture or the re-issue, sale or disposal. The sole remedy of any person previously

interested in the share is damages which may be recovered only from the Company. The

new holder is not liable for the Called Amount.

26.17 Mortgage of uncalled capital

If the Company grants a mortgage or charge over uncalled capital, the Board may delegate

its power to make calls to:

(a) the person in whose favour the mortgage or charge is granted; or

(b) a trustee or agent for that person,

on the terms (including power to further delegate) and subject to any restrictions the Board

decides. If the Board does so, a call made in accordance with the delegation is treated as

made by the Board.

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27. COMPANY LIENS

27.1 Existence of liens

Unless the terms of issue provide otherwise, the Company has a first and paramount lien on

each share for:

(a) all money called or payable at a fixed time in respect of that share (including money

payable under rule 26.7) that is due but unpaid; and

(b) amounts paid by the Company for which the Company is indemnified under rule

27.4.

The lien extends to all dividends payable in respect of the share and to proceeds of sale of

the share.

27.2 Sale under lien

If:

(a) the Company has a lien on a share;

(b) an amount secured by the lien is due and payable;

(c) the Company has given notice to the member registered as the holder of the share:

(i) requiring payment of the amount which is due and payable and secured by

the lien;

(ii) stating the amount due and payable at the date of the notice;

(iii) specifying how to calculate the amount due when payment is made; and

(iv) specifying a date (at least 10 business days after the date of the notice) by

which and a place at which payment of that amount must be made; and

(d) the requirements of the notice given under paragraph (c) are not fulfilled,

the Company may sell the share as if it had been forfeited under rule 26.10. Rules 26.11,

26.15 and 26.16 apply, to the extent practical and modified as necessary, as if the Called

Amount in respect of that share were the aggregate of the amount referred to in paragraph

(b) and the costs and expenses incurred by the Company because that amount was not paid

when due.

27.3 Protection of lien

The Company may do anything necessary or desirable under the ASX Settlement Rules to

protect a lien or other interest in shares to which it is entitled by law or under this

document.

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43.

27.4 Indemnity for payments required to be made by the Company

If the law of any jurisdiction imposes or purports to impose any immediate, future or

possible liability on the Company, or empowers or purports to empower any person to

require the Company to make any payment, on account of a member or referable to a share

held by that member (whether alone or jointly) or a dividend or other amount payable in

respect of a share held by that member, the Company:

(a) is fully indemnified by that member from that liability;

(b) may recover as a debt due from the member the amount of that liability together

with interest at the Interest Rate from the date of payment by the Company to the

date of re-payment by the member; and

(c) subject to rule 30.5, may refuse to register a transfer of any share by that member

until the debt has been paid to the Company.

Nothing in this document in any way prejudices or affects any right or remedy which the

Company has (including any right of set-off) and, as between the Company and the

member, any such right or remedy is enforceable by the Company.

27.5 Exemption and waiver

Subject to the Corporations Act and the Listing Rules, the Board may:

(a) exempt a share from any part of this rule 27; or

(b) waive or compromise all or part of any payment due to the Company under this

rule 27.

28. DIVIDENDS

28.1 Accumulation of reserves

Before paying any dividend to members, the Board may:

(a) set aside out of profits of the Company reserves to be applied, in the Board's

discretion, for any purpose it decides and use any sum so set aside in the business of

the Company or invest it in investments selected by the Board and vary and deal

with those investments as it decides; or

(b) carry forward any amount out of profits which the Board decides not to distribute

without transferring that amount to a reserve; or

(c) do both.

28.2 Payment of dividends

Subject to the Corporations Act, rules 28.3 and 28.9, and the terms of issue of shares, the

Board may resolve to pay any dividend it thinks appropriate and fix the time for payment.

The Company does not incur a debt merely by fixing the amount or time for payment of a

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dividend. A debt arises only when the time fixed for payment arrives. The decision to pay

a dividend may be revoked by the Board at any time before then.

28.3 Amount of dividend

Subject to the terms of issue of shares, the Corporations Act and the Listing Rules:

(a) the Company may pay a dividend on 1 class of shares to the exclusion of another

class; and

(b) (subject also to rule 28.4) each share of a class on which the Board resolves to pay a

dividend carries the right to participate in the dividend in the same proportion that

the amount for the time being paid on the share bears to the total issue price of the

share.

28.4 Prepayments, payments during dividend period and credits without payment

For the purposes of rule 28.3:

(a) an amount paid in advance of calls is not taken into account as part of the amount

for the time being paid on a share;

(b) if an amount was paid on a share during the period to which a dividend relates, the

Board may resolve that only the proportion of that amount which is the same as the

proportion which the period from the date of payment to the end of the period to

which the dividend relates bears to the total period to which the dividend relates,

counts as part of the amount for the time being paid on the share; and

(c) an amount credited on a partly paid share without payment in money or money's

worth being made to the Company is not taken into account as a part of the amount

for the time being paid on a share.

28.5 Dividends in kind

The Board may resolve to pay a dividend (either generally or to specific members) in cash

or satisfy it by distribution of specific assets (including shares or securities of any other

corporation), the issue of shares or the grant of options. If the Board satisfies a dividend by

distribution of assets, the Board may:

(a) fix the value of any asset distributed;

(b) make cash payments to members on the basis of the value fixed so as to adjust the

rights of members between themselves;

(c) vest an asset in trustees; and

(d) appoint any Director or Secretary to sign on behalf of each member entitled to

participate in the dividend any document in the Board's opinion desirable or

necessary:

(i) to vest in the member title to assets; and

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(ii) in the case of a distribution of shares in any corporation, to constitute the

member's agreement to become a member of the corporation,

and, in executing the document, the Director or Secretary acts as agent and attorney

for the member.

28.6 Source of dividends

Subject to the Corporations Act and the Listing Rules, the Board may resolve to pay a

dividend to some members from a particular source and pay the same dividend to other

members entitled to it from another source.

28.7 Method of payment

The Company may pay any cash dividend, interest or other money payable in respect of

shares by cheque sent, and may distribute assets by sending the certificates or other

evidence of title to them, through the post directed to:

(a) the address of the member (or in the case of a jointly held share, the address of the

joint holder named first in the Register); or

(b) to any other address the member (or in the case of a jointly held share, all the joint

holders) directs in writing,

or by any other method of payment or distribution the Board decides, including by direct

credit.

28.8 Joint holders' receipt

Any 1 of the joint holders of a share may give an effective receipt for any dividend, interest

or other money payable in relation to that share.

28.9 Retention of dividends by Company

The Company may retain the dividend payable on a share:

(a) of which a person seeks to be registered as the holder under rule 31.2 or 31.3, until

that person is registered as the holder of that share or transfers it;

(b) on which the Company has a lien, to satisfy the liabilities in respect of which the

lien exists; and

(c) that is part of a Non-marketable Parcel if the Non-marketable Parcel was created by

a transfer of shares after the date on which this constitution is adopted by the

Company until the shares comprising the Non-marketable Parcel are sold under rule

32 or, because of the transfer of additional shares to the holder, the shares held by

the holder cease to be a Non-marketable Parcel.

28.10 No interest on dividends

No member may claim, and the Company must not pay, interest on a dividend (either in

money or kind).

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29. SHARE PLANS

29.1 Implementing share plans

Without limiting the Board's powers under rule 22.1, the Board may (subject to the

Corporations Act and the Listing Rules) implement 1 or more of:

(a) a re-investment plan under which any dividend or other cash payment in respect of

a share or convertible security may, at the election of the person entitled to it, be:

(i) retained by the Company and applied in payment for fully paid shares or

other securities issued under the plan; and

(ii) treated as having been paid to the person entitled and simultaneously re-paid

by that person to the Company to be held by it and applied in accordance

with the plan;

(b) any other plan under which members or security holders may elect that dividends or

other cash payments in respect of shares be satisfied:

(i) by the issue of shares or other securities of the Company or any other body

corporate or trust in place of dividends or other cash payments; or

(ii) be paid out of a particular reserve or source; or

(iii) be forgone in consideration of another form of distribution from the

Company, another body corporate or a trust; and

(c) a plan under which shares or other securities of the Company or any other body

corporate may be issued or otherwise provided for the benefit of employees or

Directors of the Company or any of its related bodies corporate.

29.2 Board obligations and discretions

The Board:

(a) must do everything necessary or desirable to give effect to a plan implemented

under rule 29.1 and the rules governing it; and

(b) may, as it thinks appropriate, for any plan implemented under rule 29.1:

(i) vary the rules governing; or

(ii) suspend or terminate,

its operation.

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30. TRANSFER OF SHARES

30.1 Mode of transfer

Subject to this document, a member may transfer a share by any means permitted by the

Corporations Act or by law. The Company must not charge any fee on transfer of a share.

30.2 Market obligations

The Company:

(a) may do anything permitted by the Corporations Act, the Listing Rules and the ASX

Settlement Rules that the Board thinks necessary or desirable in connection with the

Company taking part in a computerised or electronic system established or

recognised by the Corporations Act, the Listing Rules, or the ASX Settlement Rules

for the purpose of facilitating dealings in shares; and

(b) must comply with obligations imposed on it by the Listing Rules or the ASX

Settlement Rules in relation to transfers of shares.

30.3 Transfer by written document

Except in the case of a proper ASTC transfer (within the meaning of the Corporations Act),

a document of transfer must be:

(a) delivered to the registered office of the Company or the address of the Register last

notified to members by the Company;

(b) accompanied by the certificate (if any) for the shares to be transferred or evidence

satisfactory to the Board of its loss or destruction; and

(c) marked with payment of any stamp duty payable.

Property in and title to a document of transfer that is delivered to the Company (but not the

shares to which it relates) passes to the Company on delivery.

30.4 Restricted securities

If any securities of the Company are classified as restricted securities under the Listing

Rules:

(a) during the escrow period set by the restriction agreement required by ASX in

relation to those securities:

(i) the member who holds the restricted securities may not dispose of them; and

(ii) the Company must not register a transfer of the restricted securities or

otherwise acknowledge a disposal of them,

except as permitted by the Listing Rules or ASX; and

(b) if there is a breach of the Listing Rules or of the relevant restriction agreement in

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relation to a restricted security, the holding of that security does not, while the

breach continues, entitle a member:

(i) to be present, speak or vote at, or be counted in the quorum for, a meeting of

members; or

(ii) to receive any dividend or other distribution.

In this rule 30.4, "dispose" (and other grammatical forms of it) has the meaning given by

the Listing Rules.

30.5 Refusal to register transfer

The Board:

(a) may refuse to register a transfer of shares only if that refusal would not contravene

the Listing Rules or the ASX Settlement Rules;

(b) subject to the Corporations Act, must not register a transfer to a subsidiary of the

Company;

(c) must not register a transfer if the Corporations Act, the Listing Rules or the ASX

Settlement Rules forbid registration; and

(d) without limiting paragraph (a), subject to the Corporations Act, the Listing Rules

and the ASX Settlement Rules, may refuse to register a transfer of shares where the

registration of the transfer would create a new holding of an Non-marketable

Parcel.

If the Board refuses to register a transfer, the Company must give the lodging party notice

of the refusal and the reasons for it within 5 business days after the date on which the

transfer was delivered to it.

30.6 Transferor remains holder until transfer registered

The transferor of a share remains the holder of it until:

(a) in the case of a proper ASTC transfer, the time the Corporations Act or the ASX

Settlement Rules provide that the transfer takes effect; and

(b) otherwise, the transfer is registered and the name of the transferee is entered in the

Register.

30.7 Powers of attorney

The Company may assume, as against a member, that a power of attorney granted by that

member that is lodged with or produced or exhibited to the Company remains in force, and

may rely on it, until the Company receives express notice in writing at its registered office

of:

(a) the revocation of the power of attorney; or

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49.

(b) the death, dissolution or insolvency of the member.

31. TRANSMISSION OF SHARES

31.1 Death of joint holder

The Company must recognise only the surviving joint holders as being entitled to shares

registered jointly in the names of a deceased member and others. The estate of the

deceased joint holder is not released from any liability in respect of the shares.

31.2 Death of single holder

The Company must not recognise anyone except the legal personal representative of the

deceased member as having any title to shares registered in the sole name of a deceased

member. If the personal representative gives the Board the documents described in the

provisions of the Corporations Act dealing with instruments of transfer executed by a

personal representative from another jurisdiction or evidence of grants of probate or other

information that satisfies the Board of the representative's entitlement to be registered as

holder of the shares:

(a) subject to rules 30.5 and 31.4 the Company must register the personal

representative as the holder of the shares as soon as practical after receipt of a

written and signed notice to the Company from the representative requiring it to do

so; and

(b) whether or not registered as the holder of the shares, the personal representative:

(i) may, subject to rule 30, transfer the shares to another person; and

(ii) has the same rights as the deceased member.

31.3 Transmission of shares on insolvency or mental incapacity

Subject to the Bankruptcy Act 1966, if a person entitled to shares because of the insolvency

or mental incapacity of a member gives the Board the information it reasonably requires to

establish the person's entitlement to be registered as holder of the shares:

(a) subject to rules 30.5 and 31.4 the Company must register that person as the holder

of the shares as soon as practical after receipt of a written and signed notice to the

Company from that person requiring it to do so; and

(b) whether or not registered as the holder of the shares, that person:

(i) may, subject to rule 30, transfer the shares to another person; and

(ii) has the same rights as the insolvent or incapable member.

If the provisions of the Corporations Act dealing with rights of trustees of estates of

bankrupts apply, this rule is supplemental to them.

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50.

31.4 Refusal to register holder

The Company has the same right to refuse to register a personal representative or person

entitled to shares on the insolvency or mental incapacity of a member as it would have if

that person were the transferee named in a transfer signed by a living, solvent, competent

member.

32. NON-MARKETABLE PARCELS

32.1 Board power of sale

(a) The Board may sell a share that is part of a Non-marketable Parcel if it does so in

accordance with rule 32.2 or 32.3 (whichever the Board decides is to apply) and the

other provisions of this rule.

(b) The Board's power to sell lapses if a takeover (as defined in the Listing Rules) is

announced after the Board gives a notice under rule 32.2 and before the Board

enters into an agreement to sell the share.

32.2 Sale with notice

(a) Notice of proposed sale

Once in any 12 month period or any other period permitted under the Listing Rules,

the Board may give written notice to a member who holds a Non-marketable

Parcel:

(i) stating that it intends to sell the Non-marketable Parcel; and

(ii) specifying a date at least 6 weeks (or any lesser period permitted under the

Corporations Act or the Listing Rules) after the notice is given by which the

member may give the Company written notice that the member wishes to

retain the holding.

If the Board's power to sell lapses under rule 32.1, any notice given by the Board

under this rule is taken never to have been given and the Board may give a new

notice after the close of the offers made under the takeover.

(b) No sale where member gives notice

The Board must not sell a Non-marketable Parcel if, in response to a notice given

under this rule 32.2, the Company receives a written notice that the member wants

to keep the Non-marketable Parcel.

(c) Joint holders

If required under the Corporations Act or the Listing Rules, if a Non-marketable

Parcel is held jointly, the Board must give notice under rule 32.2 to each of the joint

holders.

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32.3 Divestment without notice

Subject to the Corporations Act and the Listing Rules, the Board may sell a share that is

part of a Non-marketable Parcel without giving notice to the holder of the share or any

other person if the Non-marketable Parcel was created by a transfer of shares after

20 December 1999.

32.4 Terms of sale

A sale of shares under this rule includes all dividends payable on and other rights attaching

to them. The Company must pay the costs of the sale if required by the Listing Rules to do

so. Otherwise, the Board may decide the manner, time and terms of sale.

32.5 Share transfers

For the purpose of giving effect to this rule, each Director and Secretary has power to

initiate or execute or otherwise effect a transfer of a share as agent for a member who holds

a Non-marketable Parcel.

32.6 Application of proceeds

(a) In the case of a sale under rule 32.2, the Company must:

(i) deduct any Called Amount in respect of the shares sold under this rule from

the proceeds of sale and pay the balance into a separate bank account it

opens and maintains for the purpose only;

(ii) hold that balance in trust for the previous holder of the shares (the "Divested

Member");

(iii) as soon as practical give written notice to the Divested Member stating:

(A) what the balance is; and

(B) that it is holding the balance for the Divested Member while

awaiting the Divested Member's instructions and return of the

certificate (if any) for the shares sold or evidence of its loss or

destruction;

(iv) if the shares sold were certificated, not pay the proceeds of sale out of the

trust account until it has received the certificate for them or evidence of its

loss or destruction; and

(v) subject to paragraph (iv), deal with the amount in the account as the

Divested Member instructs.

(b) In the case of a sale under rule 32.3, the Company must:

(i) deduct any Called Amount in respect of the shares sold under this rule and

(where permitted by the Listing Rules and the Board so decides) the costs of

sale from the aggregate of the proceeds of sale and any dividends retained

under rule 28.9(c); and

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52.

(ii) pay the balance, if any, to the previous holder of the shares.

32.7 Protections for transferee

The title of the new holder of a share sold under this rule is not affected by any irregularity

in the sale. The sole remedy of any person previously interested in the share is damages

which may be recovered only from the Company.

32.8 Rights to vote suspended

The Board may resolve that the holders of Non-marketable Parcels created by transfers of

shares after 20 December 1999 have no right to vote, and that resolution has effect

accordingly.

33. ALTERATION OF SHARE CAPITAL

33.1 Capitalisation of profits

The Company may capitalise profits, reserves or other amounts available for distribution to

members. Subject to the terms of issue of shares and rule 33.4, members are entitled to

participate in a capital distribution in the same proportions in which they are entitled to

participate in dividends.

33.2 Adjustment of capitalised amounts

The Board may settle any difficulty that arises in regard to a capitalisation of profits as it

thinks appropriate and necessary to adjust the rights of members among themselves

including:

(a) fix the value of specific assets;

(b) make cash payments to members on the basis of the value fixed for assets or in

place of fractional entitlements which are disregarded so as to adjust the rights of

members between themselves;

(c) disregard fractional entitlements; and

(d) vest cash or specific assets in trustees.

33.3 Conversion of shares

Subject to the Corporations Act, the Listing Rules, rules 22.2 and 33.5 and the terms of

issue of shares, the Company may convert:

(a) shares into a larger or smaller number of shares;

(b) an ordinary share into a preference share; and

(c) a preference share into an ordinary share,

by resolution passed at a meeting of members (but, in the case of a conversion of partly

paid shares into a larger number of shares the proportion between the amount paid and the

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53.

amount unpaid on each share must be the same as before the conversion). This rule 33.3

does not limit any other way in which the Company can convert or alter share capital in

accordance with the Corporations Act and the Listing Rules.

33.4 Adjustments on conversion

The Board may do anything it thinks appropriate and necessary to give effect to a

resolution converting shares including, if a member becomes notionally entitled to a

fraction of a share as a result of the conversion:

(a) make a cash payment or disregard fractional entitlements so as to adjust the rights

of members between themselves; or

(b) vest fractional entitlements in a trustee, to be dealt with as determined by the Board;

or

(c) round up fractional entitlements to the nearest whole share by capitalising an

amount under rule 33.1 even though not all members participate in the

capitalisation.

33.5 Reduction of capital

Subject to the Listing Rules, the Company may reduce its share capital:

(a) by reduction of capital in accordance with the Corporations Act; or

(b) by buying back shares in accordance with the Corporations Act; or

(c) in any other way for the time being permitted by the Corporations Act.

33.6 Distribution of securities in another corporation

Where the Company reduces its share capital by way of distribution of specific assets,

being shares or other securities in another corporation, the Board may appoint any Director

or Secretary to sign on behalf of each member entitled to participate in the distribution any

document in the Board's opinion desirable or necessary:

(a) to vest in the member title to assets; and

(b) in the case of a distribution of shares in any corporation, to constitute the member's

agreement to become a member of the corporation,

and, in executing the document, the Director or Secretary acts as agent and attorney for the

member.

34. CURRENCY FOR PAYMENTS

34.1 Board may decide currency

The Board may, with the agreement of the recipient or in accordance with the terms of

issue of a share, pay:

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54.

(a) dividends;

(b) other amounts payable to members (including repayments of capital and

distributions of capitalised amounts); or

(c) remuneration of Directors or other officers,

in the currency of a country other than Australia.

34.2 Conversion to Australian dollars

If the Board decides to make a payment in a currency other than Australian dollars and it is

necessary, for the purposes of these rules or for any other purpose, to calculate the

Australian dollar equivalent of the payment, the Board must fix a time (earlier than the

time for payment) and specify the buying or selling rate quoted by the Company or by any

other financial institution approved by the Board as the time and rate that apply for that

purpose.

34.3 Preference shares

Nothing in this rule 34 limits anything in rule 23.

35. WINDING UP

35.1 Entitlement of members

Subject to the terms of issue of shares and this rule 35, the surplus assets of the Company

remaining after payment of its debts are divisible among the members in proportion to the

number of fully paid shares held by them and, for this purpose, a partly paid share is

counted as a fraction of a fully paid share equal to the proportion which the amount paid on

it bears to the total issue price of the share.

35.2 Distribution of assets generally

If the Company is wound up, the liquidator may, with the sanction of a special resolution:

(a) divide the assets of the Company among the members in kind and for that purpose

fix the value of assets and decide how the division is to be carried out as between

the members and different classes of members; and

(b) vest assets of the Company in trustees on any trusts for the benefit of the members

as the liquidator thinks appropriate.

35.3 No distribution of liabilities

The liquidator cannot compel a member to accept marketable securities in respect of which

there is a liability as part of a distribution of assets of the Company.

35.4 Distribution not in accordance with legal rights

If the liquidator decides on a division or vesting of assets of the Company under rule 35.2

which does not accord with the legal rights of the contributories, any contributory who

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would be prejudiced by it may dissent and has ancillary rights as if that decision were a

special resolution passed under the Corporations Act.

36. NOTICES

36.1 Notices by Company

A notice is properly given by the Company to a person if it is:

(a) in writing signed on behalf of the Company (by original or printed signature);

(b) addressed to the person to whom it is to be given; and

(c) either:

(i) delivered personally;

(ii) sent by pre-paid mail to that person's address; or

(iii) sent by fax to the fax number (if any) nominated by that person; or

(iv) sent by electronic message to the electronic address (if any) nominated by

that person.

This rule does not limit the manner in which a notice may be given by the Company.

36.2 Overseas members

A member whose registered address is not in Australia may notify the Company in writing

of an address in Australia to which notices may be sent.

36.3 When notice is given

A notice to a person by the Company is regarded as given and received:

(a) if it is delivered personally or sent by fax or electronic message:

(i) by 5.00 pm (local time in the place of receipt) on a business day - on that

day; or

(ii) after 5.00 pm (local time in the place of receipt) on a business day, or on a

day that is not a business day - on the next business day; and

(b) if it is sent by mail – on the day it is posted.

A certificate in writing signed by a Director or Secretary of the Company stating that a

notice was sent is conclusive evidence of service.

36.4 Notice to joint holders

Notice to joint holders of shares must be given to the joint member named first in the

Register. Every person who becomes entitled to a share is bound by every notice in respect

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of that share that was properly given to a person registered as the holder of the share before

the transfer or transmission of the share was entered in the Register.

36.5 Counting days

Subject to the Corporations Act and the Listing Rules, if a specified period must pass after

a notice is given before an action may be taken, the day on which the notice is given is

excluded and the day on which the action is to be taken is included in reckoning the period.

36.6 Notices to "lost" members

If:

(a) on 2 or more consecutive occasions a notice posted to a member is returned

unclaimed or with an indication that the member is not known at the address to

which it was sent; or

(b) the Board believes on other reasonable grounds that a member is not at the address

shown in the Register or notified to the Company under rule 36.2,

the Company may give effective notice and future notices to that member by exhibiting the

notice at the Company's registered office for at least 48 hours.

This rule ceases to apply if the member gives the Company notice of a new address.

37. UNCLAIMED MONEY

The Company must deal with unclaimed dividends and distributions and unclaimed

proceeds of shares sold or reissued under this document in accordance with the law relating

to unclaimed money in the Company's jurisdiction of registration.



253484837.03

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