Spark New Zealand Limited logo

Spark New Zealand Limited FY24 Results

Full Year Results22 August 2024SPKCommunication Services

Spark New Zealand Limited
ARBN 050 611 277 Spark City, 167 Victoria Street West, Private Bag 92028, Auckland, New Zealand



MARKET RELEASE – FRIDAY 23 AUGUST 2024



Spark announces FY24 full-year results


• Reported and adjusted

1

, Revenue

2

, EBITDAI

3

, and NPAT

4

declined

• Mobile service revenue surpassed $1 billion for the first time and IT products, data centres,

and high-tech continued to grow

• Growth offset as economic conditions impacted IT services demand, competition intensified

in business mobile, and lower consumer spending impacted mobile devices and accessories

• SPK-26 Operate Programme accelerated in H2, but could not adapt the cost base to

changing demand quickly enough, with benefits to be largely realised in FY25

• On-market share buy-back concluded

5

and total FY24 dividend of 27.5 cents per share

declared, 100% imputed


Spark New Zealand (Spark) today announced its FY24 results. Spark Chair Justine Smyth said,

“It has been a challenging year for Spark and for many businesses across Aotearoa, with

recessionary economic conditions creating a tough operating environment.


“Public sector spending cuts and deferred private sector investment had a significant impact on

IT services revenues, while lower household and business spending impacted mobile devices

and accessories sales, and intensified competitive pricing pressure, particularly in business

mobile.


“We did see strong growth in many of our core markets such as mobile, where service revenue

surpassed $1 billion for the first time, as well as cloud, data centres, and high-tech.


“This was not enough to offset subdued demand in other areas, and we could not adapt our cost

base quickly enough as the market turned. As a result, EBITDAI


declined to $1,163 million,

NPAT declined to $316 million, and this had a flow through impact to lower free cash flow of

$330 million.


“While we are disappointed to not achieve our FY24 ambitions, as we look to the year ahead our

business fundamentals are strong, our underlying drivers of growth are enduring, and our

continued focus on cost reduction will improve margins and support growth.


“Our data centre strategy is a significant mid-term growth opportunity. The reinstatement of our

Dividend Reinvestment Plan

6

for the H2 FY24 dividend and a potential hybrid capital notes

issuance will help fund our growth investments in the near term and we will also explore other

equity funding options such as capital partnerships.



“The Board remains committed to maintaining financial strength and flexibility and our investment

grade credit rating, and approved a total FY24 dividend of 27.5 cents per share, 100% imputed,

for our shareholders.”


FY24 operating performance



Spark’s FY24 financial results are cycling the significant revenue and net profit declared in FY23

following the TowerCo and Spark Sport transactions. As such, both reported and adjusted year-

Spark New Zealand Limited
ARBN 050 611 277 Spark City, 167 Victoria Street West, Private Bag 92028, Auckland, New Zealand

on-year comparisons are provided – the latter of which strips out the impact of the one-off gain to

provide a like-for-like performance comparison.


In FY24 Spark delivered revenues of $3,861million, a decline of 1.2% on an adjusted basis and

14% on a reported basis. This resulted in EBITDAI of $1,163 million, a decline of 2.5% on an

adjusted basis and 32.5% on a reported basis.


Reported NPAT declined 72.2% to $316 million as a result of cycling the TowerCo and Spark

Sport transactions, lower EBITDAI, higher finance expenses and depreciation, and a one-off $26

million non-cash tax adjustment relating to recent Government policy changes

7

. Adjusted NPAT,

excluding one-off items in both years, declined 21% to $342 million.


Lower EBITDAI and higher interest, lease costs, and non-cash earnings impacted free cash flow,

which reduced 32.5% to $330 million.



Spark maintained its leading position in the mobile market by service revenue and total

connections

8

, with service revenues surpassing $1 billion for the first time – increasing 3.1% to

$1,010 million. This was driven by connection growth, price increases, and the stabilisation of

roaming revenues in the consumer market and was partially offset by declines in the business

market as price competition intensified.


Broadband revenue declined 2.1% to $613 million, as lower consumer spending increased price-

driven competition, particularly amongst non-telco competitors.



In the digital services market, total IT revenue declined 1.6% to $692 million, driven by a 14.9%

decline in IT services revenues as economic conditions impacted demand, and masking 3.5%

growth in IT products revenues, driven by continued business migration to the cloud.


Data centres revenue grew 54.2% to $37 million, with Spark’s Takanini campus expansion

completed on time and on budget and new revenue streams coming online. High-tech revenue

grew 21.5% to $79 million, with IoT revenues up 53.3% and over 2 million devices now

connected to Spark’s IoT networks.


Commenting on the results, Spark CEO Jolie Hodson said, “It has been a tough year, and while

our FY24 performance was below our ambition, our business fundamentals remain strong, and

we are focussed on returning to earnings growth in FY25.


“Our leadership in the growing mobile market will support future top-line growth as demand for

data continues to grow, customer experience remains strong, and annual price reviews enable us

to realise the value of the significant investments we make into our mobile network every year.


“The New Zealand data centre market is predicted to grow from ~90MW today to ~500MW

9

by

2030, driven by the acceleration of Generative AI and ongoing business migration to the cloud.

With Spark’s development pipeline now sitting at 118MW

10

, and three strategic Auckland

locations primed for investment, we are well positioned to capture a significant share of this

growth and maintain our competitive position in the market.


“We must also continue to adapt as our markets change. Our SPK-26 Operate Programme will

deliver further cost reductions across the business in FY25, as we leverage new efficiencies

enabled by AI and transform our Enterprise and Government division by integrating our

subsidiaries into Spark to remove duplication, simplify our product portfolio and processes, and

deliver better customer experiences more efficiently .


“It is never easy to make changes that impact our people, and we do not do so lightly. However,

to compete and better serve our customers we must make the difficult but necessary decisions to

ensure our cost base is sustainable. We will continue to provide our teams with support to

transition through any changes.

Spark New Zealand Limited
ARBN 050 611 277 Spark City, 167 Victoria Street West, Private Bag 92028, Auckland, New Zealand

“As we move through this period, we do so with solid foundations – customer satisfaction is up 7

points, employee engagement remains strong, and we have maintained top quartile sustainability

benchmarking against our peers locally and globally.


“We have also continued to make significant investments into the digital infrastructure that

underpins New Zealand’s economy, supports businesses both big and small to grow, and

unlocks new commercialisation opportunities for Spark. In FY24 we invested over $350 million

into our highly secure and resilient network and digital infrastructure, delivering a 28% increase in

mobile network capacity and underpinning growth in data centres, IoT, and high-tech.”



FY25 guidance


Spark provided the following guidance for FY25, subject to no adverse change in operating

outlook:


• EBITDAI: $1,165 - $1,220 million

• Capital expenditure: ~$460 - $480 million

• Total dividend per share: 27.5 cents per share, 75% imputed


#ENDS


Footnotes:


[1] FY24 reported revenue, EBITDAI, and NPAT adjusted for the impact of the FY23 TowerCo gain on sale and Spark

Sport provision and FY24 reported NPAT adjusted for the impact on the tax expense arising from the change in

Government policy on zero-rating of tax depreciation on buildings.

[2] Operating revenues and other gains.

[3] Earnings before finance income and expense, income tax, depreciation, amortisation, and net investment income

(EBITDAI) and capital expenditure (Capex) are non-Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (non-GAAP)

performance measures that are defined in note 2.5 of Spark’s Annual Report.

[4] Net profit after tax.

[5] On 22 August 2024, the Board resolved to withdraw the on-market share buy-back, bringing the buy-back to a

conclusion.

[6] Shares issued under the Dividend Reinvestment Plan will be issued at a 3% discount to the prevailing market price

as determined around the time of issue.

[7] Relating to recent Government policy changes to the zero-rating of tax depreciation on buildings.

[8] Market share estimates sourced from IDC as at 30 June 2024.

[9] Based on Spark’s assessment of market information available from research reports, announced developments, land

transactions, and other publicly available information.

[10] In August, Spark entered into a conditional agreement to purchase land at Takanini, which would add 48MW to the

site. This increased the total development pipeline from 70MW at the end of FY24 to 118MW at the time of

publishing.


Authorised by:



Chante Mueller

Head of Investor Relations & Insurance



For more information contact


For media queries please contact:

Althea Lovell

Corporate Relations Lead Partner

(64) 21 222 2992

althea.lovell@spark.co.nz


For investor queries please contact:

Chante Mueller

Head of Investor Relations & Insurance

(64) 27 469 3062

chante.mueller@spark.co.nz


About Spark


Spark is New Zealand's largest telecommunications and digital services company, with a

purpose to help all of New Zealand win big in a digital world. Spark provides mobile, broadband,

and digital services to millions of New Zealanders and thousands of New Zealand businesses.


www.sparknz.co.nz

---

Results announcement
(for Equity Security issuer/Equity and Debt Security issuer)






Results for announcement to the market

Name of issuer Spark New Zealand Limited

Reporting Period 12 months to 30 June 2024

Previous Reporting Period 12 months to 30 June 2023

Currency NZD - New Zealand Dollar

Amount (000s) Percentage change

Revenue from continuing

operations

NZD$3,861,000 (14.0%)

Total Revenue NZD$3,861,000 (14.0%)

Net profit/(loss) from

continuing operations

NZD$316,000 (72.2%)

Total net profit/(loss) NZD$316,000 (72.2%)

Interim/Final Dividend

Amount per Quoted Equity

Security

NZD$0.14000000 (comprised only of an ordinary dividend)

Imputed amount per Quoted

Equity Security

NZD$0.05444444

Record Date 13 September 2024

Dividend Payment Date 4 October 2024

Current period Prior comparable period

Net tangible assets per

Quoted Equity Security

As at 30 June 2024: NZD$0.41 As at 30 June 2023: NZD$0.61

A brief explanation of any of

the figures above necessary

to enable the figures to be

understood

Changes in Spark’s earnings before finance income and

expense, income tax, depreciation, amortisation and net

investment income (EBITDAI) are provided in the addendum.

Net tangible assets per share declined by $0.20 per share from

30 June 2023 as the prior year calculation was high due to lower

debt levels following the sale of the Connexa business. The

FY24 calculation was more aligned to the FY22 net tangible

assets per share calculation of $0.34.

Authority for this announcement

Name of person


authorised

to make this announcement

Stefan Knight, Finance Director (CFO)

Contact person for this

announcement

Chante Mueller, Head of Investor Relations

Contact phone number +64 (0) 27 469 3062

Contact email address investor-info@spark.co.nz
Date of release through MAP


23 August 2024


Audited financial statements accompany this announcement.




Addendum:


Amount (000s) Percentage

change

Reported earnings before finance income and expense,

income tax, depreciation, amortisation and net investment

income (Reported EBITDAI)

NZD$1,163,000 (32.5%)

Adjusted earnings before finance income and expense,

income tax, depreciation, amortisation and net investment

income (Adjusted EBITDAI)

NZD$1,163,000 (2.5%)

1



1

Adjustments in the FY23 adjusted earnings before finance income and expense, income tax,

depreciation, amortisation and net investment income (EBITDAI) reflected the impact of the net

gain on sale of Connexa of $583 million and the one-off provision of $54 million for Spark Sport

(nil FY24). EBITDAI and Adjusted EBITDAI are non-GAAP measures which are defined and

reconciled in note 2.5 of Spark’s financial statements.

---

Distribution Notice







Section 1: Issuer information

Name of issuer Spark New Zealand Limited

Financial product name/description Ordinary shares

NZX ticker code SPK

ISIN (If unknown, check on NZX

website)

NZ TELE0001S4

Type of distribution

(Please mark with an X in the

relevant box/es)

Full Year X Quarterly

Half Year Special

DRP applies Yes

Record date 13 September 2024 AUST, NZ & USA;

Ex-Date (one business day before the

Record Date)

12 September 2024 AUST, NZ & USA;

Payment date (and allotment date for

DRP)

4 October 2024 AUST & NZ;

14 October 2024 USA

Total monies associated with the

distribution

NZD$253,981,767

(1,814,155,480 shares @ $0.14 per share)

Source of distribution (for example,

retained earnings)

Retained earnings

Currency NZD – New Zealand Dollar

Section 2: Distribution amounts per financial product

Gross distribution NZD$0.19444444

Gross taxable amount NZD$0.19444444

Total cash distribution NZD$0.14000000

Excluded amount (applicable to listed

PIEs)

N/A

Supplementary distribution amount NZD$0.02470588

Section 3: Imputation credits and Resident Withholding Tax

Is the distribution imputed


Fully imputed

Partial imputation

No imputation

If fully or partially imputed, please

state imputation rate as % applied

28%

Imputation tax credits per financial

product

NZD$0.05444444

Resident Withholding Tax per
financial product

NZD$0.00972222

Section 4: Distribution re-investment plan (if applicable)

DRP % discount (if any)

3%

Start date and end date for

determining market price for DRP

Start date: 12 September

2024


End date: 18 September

2024

Date strike price to be announced (if

not available at this time)

18 September 2024

Specify source of financial products to

be issued under DRP programme

(new issue or to be bought on market)

New Issue

DRP strike price per financial product


Last date to submit a participation

notice for this distribution in

accordance with DRP participation

terms

16 September 2024

Section 5: Authority for this announcement

Name of person


authorised to make

this announcement

Stefan Knight, Finance Director (CFO)

Contact person for this

announcement

Chante Mueller, Head of Investor Relations

Contact phone number +64 (0) 27 469 3062

Contact email address investor-info@spark.co.nz

Date of release through MAP


23 August 2024

---

Hello tomorrow
Spark Annual Report FY24

ANAMATAKO TE PAE

WHAKAMAUA

Tahutahuna te
Kora Karakia:

the Spark Karakia

Papā te whatitiri,

hikohiko te uira

The thunder peels,

the lightning flashes

Ko te pae anamata,

whakamaua, kia ngita

Fix your attention

to the future horizon and secure it

Kei reira te kora e

pūrātoke ana

There, is a small gleaming fragment

Kua kitea te kora

e pūrātoke ana

We have found the small

gleaming fragment

Mā wai rā te kora e tutungi,

e poipoi?

Who will light and nurture

this spark?

Mā tātou te kora e tutungi,

e poipoi

It is us who will light and nurture

the spark!

Tahutahuna te kora, (hī!)

Set fire to the spark, yes!

te kora whitawhita, (hī!)

The zealous spark, yes!

te kora tangata ēi!

The spark of humanity!

For running header don't delete

Aotearoa New Zealand faces many interconnected
challenges. The economic environment is tough,

our productivity challenge is persistent, and

climate change mitigation and adaptation is more

urgent than ever before.

The good news is that the pace of technological

advancement is accelerating just as quickly as

these challenges.

Advanced digital technologies, such as generative AI, are

changing the way people connect, communicate, and do

business and have the potential to accelerate efficiency,

productivity, and sustainability by enabling people and

businesses to do things differently.

To bring these opportunities to our shores New Zealand will

need investment in the digital infrastructure that underpins

all forms of technology and connects us to the world, in

innovation to unlock and scale new use cases, and in skilled

people who can make it all a reality. And this is where Spark

comes in.

As New Zealand’s largest telecommunications and digital

services provider, our ambition is to empower the people

and businesses creating Aotearoa’s tomorrow.

During FY24 we have continued to progress our three-year

strategy, SPK-26, to achieve this goal. We are investing in

the digital infrastructure that will underpin Aotearoa’s digital

economy and create long-term, sustainable growth for our

shareholders.

We have continued to improve customer experiences by

making it easier to interact with Spark, we are backing our

business customers to leverage technology to its fullest

potential, and we are investing in the skills and

development of the people who make it all possible – our

Spark whānau.

It has been a tough year for all New Zealand businesses,

and Spark is not immune to these challenges. But we remain

optimistic about our country’s potential, the ingenuity of

New Zealanders, and the role technology will play in

enabling great people and businesses to do great things.

Ko te pae anamata whakamaua. Hello tomorrow.

Accelerating

Aotearoa through

technology

1

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

FY24 highlights
FY24 highlightsFY24 highlights

$1billion+

in mobile service revenue and

#1 in mobile market share

1

118MW

2

data centre development pipeline

3

+38

consumer and small business customer

experience (iNPS)

4

up 7 points

67%

employee engagement

remains strong

1. Maintained #1 position in mobile market share by service revenue and total connections. Market share estimates

sourced from IDC as at 30 June 2024.

2. Megawatts (MW).

3. In August, Spark entered into a conditional agreement to purchase land at Takanini, which would add 48MW to the site.

This increased the total development pipeline from 70MW at the end of FY24 to 118MW at time of publishing.

4. Interaction net promoter score (iNPS), a measure of customer satisfaction.

2Hello tomorrow

FY24 highlights

FY24 highlights

103
locations, including cities and towns

across Aotearoa, now have 5G

2 million+

devices connected to our

Internet of Things (IoT) networks

across New Zealand

10 -year

renewable energy partnership with

Genesis Energy – will account for ~60%

of Spark’s annual electricity requirements

31,776

households in need connected

through our not-for-profit broadband

service Skinny Jump

3

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua
– hello tomorrow

About this report

5

How we create value

6

Our operations

8

Performance snapshot

10

Chair and CEO review

12

Our performance

14

Our Board and Leadership Squad

18

Creating value for our customers

24

Creating value through our network and technology

36

Creating value for our environment

46

Creating value for our communities

56

Creating value for our people

62

Remuneration report

74

Our governance and ESG management

82

Our risk management

88

Spark climate-related disclosures

90

Financial statements

Financial statements

106

Notes to the financial statements

111

Independent auditor's report

152

Other information

Corporate Governance disclosures

157

Spark’s managing risk framework roles and responsibilities

162

Sustainability appendix

163

Glossary

175

Contact details

177

Contents

Hello tomorrow4

Contents

Contents

About this report
• This is an integrated report that shares our financial, social,

environmental, and economic performance. To inform our

approach we have applied the International <IR> Framework,

which considers the creation of value over the short, medium,

and long term, thinking holistically about the resources and

relationships our organisation uses or affects and the

dependencies and trade-offs between them as value is created.

• At the heart of this approach is the <IR> value creation model

(laid out on pages 6 and 7), which details the ‘capitals’ (the

different resources and relationships that we rely on for our

business activities) we draw upon, our strategy and business

model, and the outputs and outcomes we deliver. We have

a section of the report dedicated to each of these capitals.

Our detailed financial report is covered in pages 106–155.

• The report also applies the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI)

standards, the most widely used global sustainability reporting

standard. This requires us to apply a materiality lens to identify

and report against the sustainability issues most important to

our business and our stakeholders. We have a dedicated

sustainability appendix at the back of the report that includes

our materiality matrix and GRI index, to direct readers to where

we have covered specific sustainability topics in the report and

elsewhere. See pages 163–174.

• This report includes climate risk reporting, which has been

prepared in compliance with the Aotearoa New Zealand Climate

Standards (NZ CS 1, NZ CS 2 and NZ CS 3) issued by the

External Reporting Board (XRB). See pages 90–105.

• This Annual Report is published alongside a suite of other

disclosures covering the FY24 period, including our Corporate

Governance Statement, our Modern Slavery and Human Rights

Statement, and our Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report. For the

full suite of FY24 disclosures please visit www.spark.co.nz/

online/about/our-company/governance

Justine Smyth, CNZM

Chair

Gordon MacLeod

Chair Audit and Risk

Management Committee

• This report covers the activities of Spark New Zealand Limited and

its subsidiaries for the period 1 July 2023 to 30 June 2024. It is

dated 23 August 2024 and is signed on behalf of the Board of

Spark New Zealand Limited by Justine Smyth, Chair and Gordon

MacLeod, Chair Audit and Risk Management Committee.

Key dates

Annual Meeting

01 November 2024

FY25 half-year

results announcement

21 February 2025

FY25 year-end

results announcement

20 August 2025

Hello tomorrow

Spark Annual Report 2024

ANAMATAKO TE PAE

WHAKAMAUA

Spark Greenhouse Gas

Inventory Report 2024

INVENTORY

GREENHOUSE GAS

CORPORATE

GOVERNANCE

Spark Annual Corporate

Governance Statement 2024

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

5

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

A culture that
develops and

empowers

our people

Investment in

resilient, adaptable

infrastructure for

New Zealand’s

future

Innovation to

create value for

Spark and our

customers

Providing leading

products and

services that

connect

and enable

New Zealanders

Economic

Transformation

Digital

Equity

Sustainable

Spark

Te Korowai

Tupu

Including the elements of our Sustainability Framework on page 83

How we create value

WHAT WE RELY ON

Our customers

Social capital

Consumers and organisations

that are enabled by our products

and services

Our finances

Financial capital

Equity, debt and cash generated

through our operations

Our network

and technology

Manufactured + intellectual capital

Our mobile sites, data networks,

systems, processes and digital

services capability

Our people

Human + intellectual capital

Engaged, adaptive and

inclusive teams that are the

heart of our business

Our environment

Natural capital

Energy, materials and impacts

of our operations

Our communities

Social + human capital

Our communities around

New Zealand and the communities

across our global supply chain

OUR BUSINESS MODEL

G

O

V

E

R

N

A

N

C

E

B

U

S

I

N

E

S

S


S

T

R

A

T

E

G

Y

W

h

a

k

a

m

a

n

a

,


W

e


E

m

p

o

w

e

r

M

a

t

o

m

a

t

o

,


W

e


S

u

c

c

e

e

d


T

o

g

e

t

h

e

r

T

ū

h

o

n

o

,


W

e


C

o

n

n

e

c

t

M

ā

i

a

,


W

e


a

r

e


B

o

l

d

TO HELP

WIN BIG

OUR PURPOSE

IN A DIGIT AL WORLD

O

U

R


V

A

L

U

E

S


As part of Integrated Reporting, we use this diagram to show how we create value as a business. It starts with the forms of capital we

rely on – from traditional forms of capital, such as financial capital, to broader forms of capital, such as manufactured or human capital.

It then displays the outputs we have delivered as a result in FY24, alongside the longer-term outcomes we are trying to achieve.

Hello tomorrow6

How we create value

How we create value

OUTPUTS FY24OUTCOMES
• $350 million invested into our network and digital infrastructure in FY24

• 28% increase in mobile capacity from FY23

• 5G now live in 103 locations, including cities and towns across

New Zealand, with 5G core build under way

• 22.3MW of data centre capacity and 118MW development pipeline

• Over 2 million devices now connected to our IoT networks

• Rural Connectivity Group delivered its 500th rural cell tower

• Established a network of satellite-connected small cells throughout the country

Connected and resilient

New Zealand

Enabling a connected New Zealand and providing

infrastructure to support innovation

See page 36

• Over 2.7 million mobile connections, up 0.3% from FY23

• 687,000 broadband connections, down 12,000 from FY23

• Consumer and small business interaction score (iNPS) of +38,

up 7 points from FY23

Connected customers

Enabling our customers to realise the benefits of digital

technology and enabling their own value creation

See page 24

• $3,861 million operating revenue and other gains

(down 14.0% on a reported basis and 1.2% on an adjusted basis

1

)

• $316 million reported net profit after tax (down 72.2%) and $342 million

adjusted net profit after tax (down 21%)

2


• 27.5 cents per share dividend, up 0.5 cents per share from FY23

Capital for future investment

Enabling future investment in our business and

providing market returns to grow financial capital for

our shareholders

See page 10

High performing, engaged,

and inclusive teams

Enabling the success of our business and our people

and growing New Zealand’s human capital

See page 62

• Employee engagement score of 67%, down from 70% in FY23

• 40:40:20 gender representation at Leadership Squad and senior

leadership levels

• 78% of group-wide employees sharing ethnicity data

• New internal skilling centre, Te Awe, upskilling and reskilling Spark people

Protecting the environment

Enabling a reduced draw on natural capital in our

business and through our customers' use of technology

See page 46

• New 10-year renewable energy partnership with Genesis Energy to supply

~60% of Spark’s annual electricity needs from January 2025

• 16,874 tCO

2

e scope 1 and 2 emissions, up 26.7% from FY23

• 450 tonnes of e-waste generated and recovered, a reduction of 109 tonnes

from FY23

• 16,425 mobile phones collected for recycling and trade-in, up 1,306 from FY23

• Efficiencies enabled across other sectors through technology

• Skinny Jump benefitting 31,776 households, up from 27,341 in FY23

• 659 marae connected through the Marae Digital Connectivity Programme,

up from 622 in FY23

• Joint Audit Cooperation (JAC) membership supporting auditing of supply

chain working conditions

• Spark Foundation investment supporting improved digital equity

in communities

Connected and empowered

communities

Enabling all New Zealanders to benefit from the digital

world and improving social outcomes across our value

chain

See page 56

1. The prior year is adjusted for the impact of the net gain on sale of Connexa of $583 million within other gains.

2. FY24 net earnings is adjusted for the impact of the zero-rating of tax depreciation on buildings, which has resulted in a $26 million non-cash increase in tax expense

and corresponding reduction in the deferred tax asset. FY23 is adjusted for the impact of the net gain on sale of Connexa of $583 million, the one-off provision of

$54 million for Spark Sport, the $5 million net gain on dilution of the investment in the Connexa group, and related tax impacts of $168 million.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

7

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

OTN nodes
OTN network

Metro and Edge data centres

Strategic Auckland data centre campuses

Corporate offices

Earth Station satellite link

Southern Cross Cable (SX NOW)

Southern Cross Cable (SX NEXT)

Tasman Global Access Cable (TGA)

Connection from Sydney, Australia to USA

Connection to Sydney, Australia

Connection to Sydney, Australia

Connection to USA

Our operations

Spark is New Zealand’s largest

telecommunications and digital

services company. Our customers

range from individual New Zealanders

and households to small businesses,

not-for-profits, government, and large

enterprise clients. Across all our

services – mobile, broadband,

digital services, and digital

infrastructure – we have relevance

for almost every New Zealander.

Hello tomorrow8

Our operations

Our operations

1. Cat-M1 Internet of Things network.
2. Includes Spark active equipment on 1,549 third party towers, 514 RCG towers, 98 small cells,

and 15 temporary sites active at 30 June 2024.

5,291

employees

>

110k

small-medium business customers

2 ,176

mobile sites housing our active

infrastructure

2

>

22mw

data centre capacity

24

regional business hubs

98%

of New Zealanders reached

by our 4G network

>

2.7m

mobile connections

99%

of the population reached by

our Internet of Things network

1

>

680k

broadband connections

~

1,10 0

enterprise and government

customers

61

retail stores

We operate the following brands and businesses:

CommunityConsumerBusinessOther brands

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

9

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Performance snapshot
Reported net earnings

$316m

72.2%

Adjusted net earnings

3

$342m

21.0%

Operating revenues and other gains

$3, 861m

14.0% Reported basis

1.2%


Adjusted basis

2

EBITDAI

1

$1,16 3 m

32.5% Reported basis

2.5% Adjusted basis

2

IT revenue

$692m

1.6%

Data centre and high-tech revenue

$116 m

30.3%

Broadband revenue

$613 m

2 .1%

Mobile service revenue

$1,010m

3 .1%

10Hello tomorrow

Performance snapshot

Performance snapshot

1. Earnings before finance income and expense, income tax, depreciation,
amortisation and net investment income (EBITDAI) and capital expenditure are

non-Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (non-GAAP) measures. These

measures are defined and reconciled in note 2.5 of the financial statements.

2. There were no adjusting items impacting EBITDAI in FY24. The prior year is

adjusted for the impact of the net gain on sale of Connexa of $583 million,

within other gains, and the one-off provision of $54 million for Spark Sport

within operating expenses.

3. FY24 net earnings is adjusted for the impact of the zero-rating of tax

depreciation on buildings which has resulted in a $26 million non-cash

increase in tax expense and corresponding reduction in the deferred tax asset.

FY23 is adjusted for the impact of the net gain on sale of Connexa of $583

million, the one-off provision of $54 million for Spark Sport , the $5 million net

gain on dilution of the investment in Connexa and related tax impacts of $168

million.

4. Free cash flow is a non-GAAP measure and is calculated on page 8 of Spark's

FY24 Detailed Financials.

5. Interaction Net Promoter Score, a measure of customer engagement.

Employee engagement

67%

3pp

Free cash flow

4

$330m

32.5%

Capital expenditure

1

$518m

0.6%

Consumer and small business iNPS

5

+38

7 points

Proposed design for Spark's Auckland CBD data centre expansion.

11

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

TowerCo and Spark Sport transactions, we
have provided both reported and adjusted

year-on-year comparisons – the latter of

which strips out the impact of the one-off

gain to provide a like-for-like performance

comparison.

FY24 EBITDAI of $1,163 million was down

2.5% on an adjusted basis and 32.5% on a

reported basis.

Reported NPAT declined 72.2% to $316

million as a result of cycling the TowerCo

and Spark Sport transactions, lower EBITDAI,

higher finance expenses and depreciation,

and a one-off $26 million non-cash tax

adjustment relating to recent Government

policy changes. Adjusted NPAT, excluding

this one-off item, declined 21% to $342

million.

Lower EBITDAI and higher interest, lease

costs, and non-cash earnings impacted

free cash flow, which reduced 32.5% to

$330 million.

While we are disappointed to not achieve

our FY24 performance ambitions, as we

look to the year ahead, our business

fundamentals are strong, and we continue

to see opportunities for growth.

Tēnā koutou,

It has been a challenging year for Spark

and for many businesses across Aotearoa,

with recessionary economic conditions

creating a tough operating environment.

Public sector spending cuts and deferred

private sector investment had a significant

impact on IT services revenues, while lower

consumer and business confidence

impacted sales of mobile devices and

accessories and intensified competitive

pricing pressure, particularly in business

mobile.

We did see strong growth in many of our

core markets such as mobile, where service

revenue surpassed $1 billion for the first

time, as well as cloud, data centres, and

high-tech.

This was not enough to offset subdued

demand in other areas, and we could not

adapt our cost base quickly enough as the

market turned. This resulted in the lowering

of FY24 EBITDAI guidance in May and an

overall FY24 performance below our

ambitions.

Because our FY24 financial results are

cycling the significant revenue and net

profit declared in FY23 following the

Our leadership in the growing mobile

market will support top-line growth as

demand for data continues to grow,

customer experience remains strong, and

annual price reviews enable us to realise

the value of the significant investments we

make into our network every year.

Through our SPK-26 Operate Programme

we made changes to our operating model

during FY24, to align our teams to our new

strategy and our labour costs to changing

revenue trends, with the majority of these

benefits to be realised in FY25.

This work will continue to deliver further

labour and opex cost reductions, improve

margins, and insulate Spark from the

economic environment. This includes a

material change to our Enterprise and

Government division, where we will

integrate our subsidiaries into Spark to

remove duplication, simplify our product

portfolios and processes, and deliver better

customer experiences with greater

efficiency.

It is never easy to make changes that

impact our people, and we do not do so

lightly. However, to compete in a

challenging economic environment we

must make the difficult but necessary

decisions to ensure our cost base is

sustainable. We will continue to provide

our teams with the appropriate support to

transition through these changes.

Our data centre strategy is a significant

mid-term growth opportunity. The New

Zealand data centre market is predicted to

grow from ~90MW today to ~500MW by

2030, driven by the acceleration of AI, and

in particular Generative AI, and ongoing

business migration to the cloud.

With Spark’s potential development

pipeline now sitting at 118MW, and three

strategic Auckland locations primed for

investment, we are well positioned to

capture a significant share of this growth

and maintain our competitive position in

the market.

Justine Smyth CNZM, Chair and Jolie Hodson MNZM, CEO.

Chair and CEO review

Hello tomorrow12

Chair and CEO review

Chair and CEO review

people. We launched a new internal skilling
centre, Te Awe, to upskill and reskill our

people in new and emerging technologies,

and enhanced our Mahi Tahi wellbeing

programme with a new partnership with

Clearhead, which gives our people access

to six fully funded therapy sessions

annually. Over 1,500 people have used the

service so far, and in our most recent

culture survey, 88% of our people said they

believe their wellbeing is supported by

their leaders at Spark.

Overall, our environmental, social, and

governance (ESG) practices have continued

to mature, and we maintained our position

in the Dow Jones Sustainability Australia

Index and our ranking in the top quartile of

the Worldwide Benchmarking Alliance’s

Digital Inclusion Benchmark.

Looking ahead

As we look ahead, we know that

challenging economic conditions will

persist in the near term. Our SPK-26

strategy was built for resilience and growth,

and that is the dual focus we take into FY25.

We will drive greater efficiency across our

business to reset our cost base to a more

sustainable level, while continuing to invest

in our growth engines of the future.

We are pleased to be building on strong

foundations. Our customers are getting

better experiences, our people are

engaged, and our sustainability credentials

continue to strengthen.

We would like to recognise the hard work

and commitment of our Spark whānau,

who remain committed to supporting our

customers, and offer our sincere thanks to

our shareholders for your ongoing support.

Noho ora mai

[be well]

Justine Smyth CNZM

Chair

Jolie Hodson MNZM

CEO

The reinstatement of our Dividend

Reinvestment Plan for the H2 FY24 dividend

and a potential hybrid capital notes

issuance will help fund our growth

investments in the near term, and we will

also explore other equity funding options

such as capital partnerships.

We remain committed to maintaining

financial strength and flexibility and our

investment grade credit rating, and the

Board is pleased to confirm a total FY24

dividend of 27.5 cents per share for our

shareholders, 100% imputed.

Our FY24 Market Performance

As topline growth was impacted by

economic conditions and intensified

competition, FY24 revenue of $3,861 million

declined 1.2% on an adjusted basis and

14% on a reported basis.

Mobile service revenue increased 3.1% to

$1,010 million, driven by consumer

connection growth, price increases, and

stabilised roaming revenues, and partially

offset by declines in the business market as

price competition intensified. We were

pleased to maintain our #1 position in

mobile market share by service revenue

and total connections.

Broadband revenue declined 2.1% to

$613 million, as lower consumer spending

increased price-driven competition,

particularly amongst non-telco competitors.

As we continued to invest in digitisation

and service innovation, we were pleased to

see our measure of customer satisfaction

(our interaction net promoter score)

increase by 7 points to +38.

In our digital services market, total IT

revenue declined 1.6% to $692 million. This

was driven by a 14.9% decrease in IT

services revenue as economic conditions

impacted demand and masked 3.5%

growth in IT products, which was driven by

continued strong growth in cloud as

businesses digitise.

Data centres revenue grew 54.2% to

$37 million, as our Takanini campus

expansion was completed on time and on

budget, and new revenue streams came

online. Our high-tech revenue grew 21.5%

to $79 million, with Internet of Things (IoT)

revenues up 53.3% and over 2 million

devices now connected to our IoT networks.

Our FY24 Toitū Sustainability

Performance

Every year we make significant investments

into the digital infrastructure that underpins

New Zealand’s economy, supports

businesses both big and small to grow, and

unlocks new commercialisation

opportunities for Spark. In FY24 over $350

million was invested in our highly secure

and resilient network and digital

infrastructure, delivering a 28% increase in

mobile network capacity and underpinning

growth in data centres, IoT, and high-tech.

We understand how important connectivity

is to the lives of all New Zealanders, and we

continued to expand the reach of our 5G

network, increase rural connectivity, and

support more equitable access to the

digital world. We now support 31,776

households in need across the country

through our not-for-profit broadband

service Skinny Jump.

Our scope 1 and 2 emissions increased

26.7% in FY24, largely driven by a one-off

event at an exchange, when the release of

fire suppressant was triggered by an alarm.

Unfortunately, this means we are tracking

18.6% above the pathway required to reach

our Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi)

target. Without this event we would be

tracking 5.7% above our pathway, as a

result of the higher emissions factor of the

New Zealand grid during the year.

We did, however, make strong progress on

future emissions reductions when we signed

a ten-year renewable energy Power Purchase

Agreement (PPA) with Genesis in May.

In exploring renewable energy partnership

opportunities, it was important to us to

support investment in new renewable

energy – rather than buying certificates for

existing renewables that were added to the

grid many years ago. This new partnership

supported this ambition and will see us

purchase all of the electricity generated by

Genesis’ first solar farm in Lauriston

Canterbury. The 63MW site will meet around

60% of our current annual requirements

once it becomes operational in 2025 and

will make a significant contribution towards

our scope 1 and 2 emissions reduction

target in the years ahead.

During the year we also continued to invest

in the development and wellbeing of our

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

13

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Our performance
1 Earnings before finance income and expense, income tax, depreciation,

amortisation, and net investment income (EBITDAI) and capital expenditure

are non-Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (non-GAAP) measures. These

measures are defined and reconciled in note 2.5 of the financial statements.

2 The prior year is adjusted for the impact of the net gain on sale of Connexa of

$583 million, within other gains, and the one-off provision of $54 million for

Spark Sport, within operating expenses. There were no adjusting items

impacting EBITDAI in FY24.

Operating revenues and other gains

• Mobile revenue increased $4 million, or 0.3%, with mobile

service revenue surpassing $1 billion for the first time, growing

$30 million, or 3.1%. This was driven by connections growth,

price increases in the consumer market, and increased roaming

and was partly offset by price pressure in the government and

enterprise sector. Non-service revenue declined $26 million,

or 5.3%, due to lower volumes of handset and accessories sales

as consumers delayed spending on new devices.

• Broadband revenue declined $13 million, or 2.1% due to a

decline in total broadband connection numbers of 12,000,

or 1.7%, as competitor activity persisted, and lower average

revenue per user (ARPU) as customers migrated off legacy plans.

• IT revenue declined $11 million, or 1.6%. Within this, cloud

revenue grew $16 million, or 7.7%, due to onboarding of new

private cloud clients and increased public cloud uptake, but

was more than offset by a $29 million, or 14.9%, decline in IT

services revenue due to price pressure on re-signing of existing

customers and a decline in project activity across the

government and enterprise sector.

• Procurement and partners revenue decreased $36 million, or

6.2%, mainly due to lower procurement volumes across the

customer base, noting this was substantially offset by associated

lower procurement costs.

• Voice revenues declined $51 million, or 22.1%, due to

connection losses and associated lower calling volumes as part

of a continued shift from fixed line to wireless calling. Legacy

voice revenues now contribute less than 5% of total revenue.

• Data centre revenue increased $13 million, or 54.2%, as

increased capacity became available following the completion

of the second data centre pod at Takanini.

• High-tech revenue increased $14 million, or 21.5%, driven by

strong IoT connections and revenue growth and continued

growth in MATTR, partly offset by a slight decline in Qrious

following the completion of a number of large customer projects.

$ MILLION

FY24

FY23

MOBILE

BROADBAND

IT REVENUE

PROCUREMENT

AND PARTNERS

VOICE

DATA CENTRES

HIGH-TECH

OTHER OPERATING REVENUE

       AND OTHER GAINS

NET GAIN ON SALE OF

CONNEXA

FY23 adjusting item

1,600

1,400

1,200

1,000

800

600

400

200

0

$3, 861m

(down 14.0% reported and down 1.2% adjusted

2

)

Reported basic earnings per share

17. 3 cents


71.5%

Adjusted basic earnings per share

3

18.7 cents


19.4%

Mobile service revenue

$1,010m


3 .1%

Dividends per share

4

27.5 cents


1.9%

Reported EBITDAI

1

$1,163m


32.5%

Adjusted EBITDAI

1,2

$1,163m


2.5%

Adjusted net earnings

1,3

$342m


21.0%

Reported net earnings

$316m


72.2%

• Other operating revenue declined $36 million, or 20.9%,

primarily driven by the closure of the Spark Sport platform at the

end of FY23.

• Other gains increased $69 million to $102 million due to the sale

of mobile network equipment, gains on lease modifications and

terminations, and vendor investments into Spark’s network in

support of revenue growth opportunities.

• Excluded from the prior year adjusted result is the net gain of

$583 million from the sale of Connexa (formerly ‘TowerCo’),

which contained Spark’s passive mobile tower assets.

Hello tomorrow14

Our performance

Our performance

0
200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

$ MILLION

PRODUCT

COSTS

LABOURSPARK SPORT

PROVISION

OTHER

FY24

FY23

FY23 adjusting item

Operating expenses

• Product costs decreased $53 million, or 2.9%, with declines

broadly in line with decreases in associated revenues.

This included lower procurement volumes, reduced voice

connections, and the exit of Spark Sport and were partly offset

by increases in cloud, IoT, and MATTR in line with revenue growth.

• Labour costs were stable year-on-year with growth in Entelar

Group and increased remuneration costs being offset by

targeted reductions across the business in line with operating

model changes.

• Other operating expenses increased $35 million, or 8.7%, driven

by a full year of charges under the Connexa lease arrangement,

bad debt costs, and severance costs.

• Excluded from the prior year adjusted result was a $54 million

provision resulting from the closure of the Spark Sport business.

$2,698m

(down 2.6% on a reported basis and down

0.6% on an adjusted basis

2

)

Other

• Total depreciation and amortisation increased $23 million, or

4.6%, largely driven by higher costs associated with the increased

capital spend across FY23 and FY24, combined with increased

depreciation on right-of-use assets.

• Net finance expense increased $47 million, driven by higher costs

associated with both increased interest rates and higher debt

levels, as well as increased interest on leases due to a full year

of Connexa leases and long-term infrastructure leases.

• Adjusted tax expense decreased $13 million, largely due to

decreased adjusted earnings before tax for the period.

• The $26 million non-cash tax adjustment in FY24 relates to the

introduction of Government policy changes to remove the tax

depreciation deduction on buildings, with a corresponding

reduction in the associated deferred tax asset. In FY23 the tax

income on the adjusting items includes $14 million for the Spark

Sport provision and $154 million as a result of the Connexa

transaction.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

DEPRECIATION

AND

AMORTISATION

NET

FINANCE

EXPENSE

NET TAX

INCOME ON

ADJUSTING ITEMS

TAX

EXPENSE

$ MILLION

FY24

FY23

FY24 adjusting item

FY23 adjusting item

3 FY24 net earnings is adjusted for the impact of the zero-rating of tax

depreciation on buildings, which has resulted in a $26 million non-cash increase

in tax expense and corresponding reduction in the deferred tax asset. FY23 is

adjusted for the impact of the net gain on sale of Connexa of $583 million, the

one-off provision of $54 million for Spark Sport, the $5 million net gain on

dilution of the investment in the Connexa group, and related tax impacts of

$168 million.

4 This represents the H1 FY24 first-half dividend of 13.5 cents per share, together

with the H2 FY24 second-half ordinary dividend declared of 14.0 cents per

share. Referenced on page 138.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

15

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

670
690

710

730

750

770

790

810

FY23 NET CASH FLOWS FROM

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

RECEIPTS FROM CUSTOMERS

PAYMENTS FOR INTEREST ON DEBT

PAYMENTS FOR INTEREST ON LEASES

RECEIPTS FROM INTEREST

PAYMENTS FOR INTEREST ON LEASED

CUSTOMER EQUIPMENT ASSETS

PAYMENTS FOR INCOME TAX

PAYMENTS TO SUPPLIERS

AND EMPLOYEES

FY24 NET CASH FLOWS FROM

OPERATING ACTIVITIES

$ MILLION

800

(79)

(25)

(9)(1)

01

77

764

Cash flows

• Operating cash flows decreased $36 million due to higher

payments for interest on debt. Lower receipts from

customers resulting from lower revenues were substantially

offset by a similar reduction in payments to suppliers.

• Investing cash outflows of $550 million in FY24 were mainly

due to payments for the purchase of property, plant and

equipment and intangibles. While in FY23, this was an inflow

of $425 million, mainly due to the receipt of net proceeds

from the sale of the Connexa business of $893 million,

partially offset by payments for the purchase of property,

plant and equipment and intangibles of $475 million.

• Financing cash outflows were $255 million in FY24

compared with an outflow of $1,196 million in FY23.

The prior year included repayments of debt of $463 million

following the sale of Connexa. In FY24 debt levels increased

as funds were invested in capital projects in line with Spark’s

strategy and the on-market share buy-back concluded.

• Free cash flow of $330 million was $159 million lower in

FY24, driven by the decline in EBITDAI, increased cash

payments for capital expenditure included in free cash flow

1

,

and increased interest payments.

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

Net cash flows from operating activities764800

Net cash flows from investing activities(550)425

Net cash flows from financing activities(255)(1,196)

Net cash flows(41)29

Free cash flow

1

330489

1 Free cash flow is a non-GAAP measure and is calculated on page 8 of

Spark’s FY24 Detailed Financials.

Operating cash flows

$764m 4.5%

Hello tomorrow16

Our performance

For running header don't delete

Capital expenditure in FY24 included the following key focus
areas and projects:

• Investment to support cloud, security, and service

management revenue growth, including an uplift in software

licensing to support Spark’s private cloud.

• Fixed network and international cable capacity to meet future

requirements for Spark's fibre and transport network,

continuation of our core network expansion and resilience

programme, advancement of our exit strategy for the PSTN,

and international cable capacity purchases to meet forecasted

demand for data. This includes enablement investment for

Multi-Access Edge Compute (MAEC).

• Lifecycle investment and licensing for internal IT systems,

enhancements to support new products and deliver simple,

intuitive customer experiences, expansion of enterprise

systems capability, and investment in deep customer insights,

automation, and artificial intelligence. This includes the

development of foundational capability to support converged

technology solutions.

• Continued investment in Spark’s mobile core and radio access

network (RAN) delivering greater network capacity and

coverage. FY24 includes an uplift in Spark’s 5G investment to

accelerate our rollout of this technology and provide a full 5G

standalone capability as an enabler of future revenues from

emerging technologies.

• Completion of data centre capacity upgrades at the Takanini

and Aotea Campuses in Auckland. Commencement of next

stage of Takanini development, planned North Shore campus,

and upgrades to the Waikato data centre.

• Property investment in Spark’s corporate offices, retail stores

fitouts and refits, and sustain investment for power and

building services for Spark-owned exchanges and data centres.

Cash payments for capital expenditure items (including capitalised

interest and excluding spectrum payments) in the statement of

cash flows were $592 million compared with capital expenditure

of $518 million. The main drivers of this difference are related to

network expenditure items that were received in FY23 but not

paid for until FY24, together with payments of capex at the end of

FY24 in relation to long term network projects that have not yet

been implemented.

$518m

Capital expenditure

2


Capital expenditure to adjusted operating revenues


$

1

7

8

M


$

1

5

9

M


CLOUD

FIXED NETWORK AND

INTERNALTIONAL CABLE CAPACITY

IT SYSTEMS

MOBILE NETWORK AND

5G STANDALONE READINESS

PROPERTY

DATA CENTRES

SUNDRY



$

1

1

M


$

4

1

M


$

1

0

M


$

3

7

M


$

8

2

M


2 Capital expenditure is a non-GAAP measure and is defined in note 2.5 of

the financial statements.

3 Capital expenditure to operating revenues for FY23 is calculated on

adjusted operating revenue (excluding the gain on Connexa sale) to

enable a meaningful comparison.

13. 4%


(F Y23 13. 2%

3

)

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

17

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Our Board and Leadership Squad
Our Board

1. Justine Smyth CNZM

Chair

Justine joined the Board of Spark

New Zealand in December 2011 and

became Chair in 2017. She has extensive

experience in governance, mergers and

acquisitions, taxation, and the financial

performance of large corporate enterprises,

as well as small and medium enterprises

(SMEs). Her background is in finance and

business management, having been a

Partner with Deloitte and Group Finance

Director at Lion Nathan. Justine is currently

Chair of The Breast Cancer Foundation

New Zealand and Chair of Mondiale VGL

Group and is a former director of Auckland

International Airport Limited. Justine has a

Bachelor of Commerce from the University

of Auckland and is a Fellow of Chartered

Accountants of Australia and New Zealand

and a Chartered Fellow of the Institute of

Directors. In 2020 Justine was appointed

a Companion of the New Zealand

Order of Merit for services to governance

and women.

2. Alison Barrass

Non-executive Director

Alison joined the Board in September 2016.

She brings a broad range of skills, including

knowledge and expertise in the fast-moving

consumer goods (FMCG) sector and in

governance, leadership, and marketing-led

innovation. Her background includes 30

years’ experience at major international

FMCG companies, including PepsiCo,

Kimberley-Clark, Goodman Fielder, and

Griffins Foods. She is currently a director

with Rockit Global, Zespri, Suncorp NZ,

Babich Wines, and AA Insurance and is a

former director of GWA Group and former

Chair of Tom & Luke. Alison has a Bachelor

of Science from the University of

Southampton and a Business Diploma in

Marketing from the University of Auckland.

1.2.

3.4.

5.6.

7.8.

Hello tomorrow18

Our Board and Leadership Squad

Our Board and Leadership Squad

5. Jolie Hodson MNZM
Chief Executive and Executive Director

Jolie joined the Board in September 2019.

Her appointment to CEO in July 2019

followed a substantial career within Spark,

leading different areas of the operating

business over a six-year period. As CEO,

Jolie is responsible for ensuring the

company has a sound strategy and builds a

team around her that is able to deliver the

digital infrastructure, products and services,

and innovation that supports Spark’s

customers and Aotearoa to win big in a

digital world. Jolie is a strong advocate for

diversity and inclusion, digital equity, and

the role of technology in enabling

Aotearoa’s transition to a high productivity,

low-carbon economy. Jolie is a member

of the Climate Leaders Coalition Steering

Committee, including two years as the

Convenor. In 2024 Jolie was recognised

in the King’s Birthday Honours as a

Member of the New Zealand Order of

Merit for services to business, governance,

and women.

6. Lisa Nelson

Non-executive Director

Lisa joined the Spark Board in May 2024.

She is an accomplished finance and

business development executive with

25 years of global operating experience

across the financial services, software, and

technology industries. Lisa most recently

served as Managing Director of M12,

Microsoft’s venture fund, which she

co-founded. Prior to that she held various

executive roles at Microsoft spanning

business development, investor relations,

strategy, financial reporting, and

accounting. Lisa’s current governance

appointments include Destiny Tech100 Inc,

Seattle Bank, and Banqer Limited, a

New Zealand-based edtech startup, and

she is a former director of Astra Space Inc.

Lisa’s advisory roles include several

early-stage tech startups and ventures

funds, including Movac in New Zealand.

Lisa is based in Seattle, Washington,

and is a certified public accountant

licensed in the State of Washington and

a Qualified Financial Expert in accordance

with US Securities and Exchange

Commission standards.

7. Sheridan Broadbent

Non-executive Director

Sheridan joined the Spark Board in August

2022 with an executive and governance

career spanning telecommunications, ICT,

infrastructure, and energy. Her governance

experience includes her role as Independent

Director for Manawa Energy and Downer EDI

Limited. Previous governance experience

includes her roles as Chair of Kordia, Chair

of Pipeline and Civil Group, Director of

Transpower, and former member of the

Government’s Cyber Security Advisory

Committee. Sheridan holds a Bachelor of

Commerce from the University of Auckland,

is a Chartered Member of the Institute of

Directors, and is a graduate member of the

Australian Institute of Company Directors.

8. Warwick Bray

Non-executive Director

Warwick joined the Board in September 2019.

He brings over four decades of experience in

the international telecommunications,

technology, and media sectors, most recently

in senior executive roles at Telstra. During his

nine years at Telstra up until 2018, Mr Bray’s

executive roles comprised Chief Financial

Officer, Group Managing Director Product,

Executive Director Mobile and Head of

Corporate Strategy. Earlier in his career,

he was a Managing Director at JP Morgan

(London) and Dresdner Kleinwort

Wasserstein (London) in telecommunications

equity research. He also worked at McKinsey

& Company in Europe, advising

telecommunications companies on strategy,

regulation, and operational improvement,

and as a network systems engineer at Hewlett

Packard. Mr Bray has served on the GSMA

strategy committee, the boards of Hong Kong

mobile business CSL and Australian pay

TV operator Foxtel, and as Chairman of the

Australian Mobile Telecommunications

Association. He is currently a director with

Woolworths Group. He holds a Bachelor

of Science (Hons) and a Masters in

Business Administration from the University

of Melbourne.

3. David Havercroft

Non-executive Director

David joined the Board in October 2021,

bringing skills and experience from a

career in the technology industry that has

spanned more than 35 years. He held a

number of leadership roles at Spark

New Zealand from 2009-2017, including

Chief Operating Officer and Chief

Technology Officer. Prior to this he held

executive and management positions in

IBM Asia Pacific, Cable & Wireless, and BT.

David is currently a director of Westpac

New Zealand, and was formerly a director

of Kordia, Connect 8, Southern Cross Cable

Network, and Kiwi Wealth.

4. Gordon MacLeod

Non-executive Director

Gordon joined the Board in August 2022.

He is a highly credentialed business leader,

who held a range of senior executive roles

over a 15-year tenure at Ryman Healthcare

Group, including Group CEO from June

2017 to October 2021. Prior to this Gordon

was a Corporate Finance and Advisory

Partner with PwC and was also the Finance

Director of a high-tech UK listed company

based on the Cambridge Science Park in

England. Gordon is an Independent

Director of NZX-listed Delegat Group, a

trustee of Breast Cancer Foundation NZ,

and is the Advisory Chair of two private

companies. He holds a Bachelor of

Commerce from the University of

Canterbury, is a Fellow of Chartered

Accountants of Australia and New Zealand,

and a Member of the Institute of Directors.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

19

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Strategic role of the Board
Spark’s Board plays a critical role in helping

to guide and test company strategy, by

engaging in an ongoing conversation with

the Leadership Squad around key strategic

decisions. These decisions are in relation to

the long-term strategic planning and

direction of the business and our ability to

create value in the medium and long term.

It also includes non-financial performance

in areas such as customer experience,

governance, and sustainability. The Board

approves and monitors SPK-26 (our

business strategy) and has oversight of

cyber security and maturity, modern

slavery, and climate change risk. For a

detailed explanation of the Board’s

oversight of climate risk and opportunities

see page 91.

As the body elected by shareholders to

protect and enhance the value of Spark’s

assets, the Board has oversight of Spark’s

financials and the annual and three-year

planning processes. Board members

engage in robust discussions with

management around the strategic direction

of the business to test and ensure

investment is going towards the things

that will deliver the best outcomes for the

company and shareholders. This flows

through to Spark’s remuneration policies,

where there is Board involvement in setting

targets and hurdles for short-term and

long-term incentives.

Company Secretary

The Company Secretary is responsible

for supporting the effectiveness of the

Board by ensuring that its policies and

procedures are followed and for

coordinating the completion and dispatch

of the Board agendas and papers.

The Company Secretary is a position

distinct from the Leadership Squad and

is accountable to the Board, via the Chair,

on all governance matters, as further

described in the Board Charter.

Board renewal and

succession

Spark’s Board has an appropriate mix of

tenure, skills, diversity, and experience.

The Board skills matrix on page 21 outlines

the qualifications, capabilities, geographic

location, tenure, and gender of each

member of the Board. Ethnicity information

is available on page 72 of this report.

There is an ongoing Board succession

programme, which is focussed on finding

new directors with relevant skills and

experience that complement the diverse

perspectives already represented around

the table. During FY24, as part of the

Board’s ongoing succession planning,

Lisa Nelson joined the Board as an

independent Non-executive Director,

effective May 2024, and Charles Sitch

resigned as an independent Non-executive

Director with effect from 3 November 2023.

We wish to thank Charles for his huge

contribution to the Board over his

twelve-year tenure. Charles played a

unique role in guiding the business from its

telco origins to the digital services provider

it is today.

Hello tomorrow20

Our Board and Leadership Squad

For running header don't delete

Justine
Smyth

Alison

Barrass

David

Havercroft

Gordon

MacLeod

Jolie

Hodson

Lisa

Nelson

Sheridan

Broadbent

Warwick

Bray

Qualifications

BCOM, FCA,

CFINSD

BSC, DIP BUS,

MARKETING

BABCOM, FCABCOM, FCABABCOMBSC. (HONS),

MBA

Capability

Strategic knowledge for scale

telco/technology businesses

Financial/commercial

Risk management/regulatory

and/or sustainability

Customer insight/retail/brand

People leadership and culture

Listed company governance

Capital markets/capital

structure

Digital/data/new markets

Geographical location

NZNZNZNZNZUSANZAustralia

Tenure (years)

12.77.92.924.90.224.9

Gender

FFMMFFFM

KEY: High capability Medium capability

Board skills matrix

To emphasise skills, the Board have specifically limited each Director to a maximum of six capabilities, including up to three high capabilities.

Definitions of categories

of capability:

Strategic knowledge for scale

telecommunications and technology

businesses: experience as a senior

executive in, or as a strategy professional

advisor to, large telecommunications and/

or technology businesses.

Financial/commercial: a strong accounting

and finance background, most likely being

a chartered accountant, having held the

position of CFO in a significant publicly

listed company, or leadership position in

a professional services/advisory firm.

Risk management/regulatory and/or

sustainability: experience in identifying

and mitigating both financial and non-

financial risks, experience influencing

public and regulatory policy decisions and

outcomes, or experience in the design and

application of sustainability frameworks.

Customer insight/retail/brand: experience

as a senior executive responsible for

driving customer experience by effectively

using insights, optimising customer

journeys, and building brands.

People leadership and culture: experience

as a CEO of a significant publicly listed

company or large private standalone

company. Leadership skills including the

ability to build organisational culture.

Listed company governance: listed

company Board experience other than

Spark. Experience with sophisticated

governance structures.

Capital markets/capital structure: strong

knowledge of debt and equity capital

markets, and experience with mergers and

acquisitions, and/or dealing with a range of

funding sources and capital structuring

models.

Digital/data/new markets: experience as

a senior executive in, or as a professional

advisor to, digital and/or data businesses,

or businesses in emerging or new markets.

Experience in the use of digital channels

and the latest innovative and digital

technologies.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

21

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Our Leadership Squad
1. Greg Clark

SME and Consumer Director

As SME and Consumer Director, Greg is

responsible for leading the retail, channels,

and small-medium business teams that focus

on delivering great outcomes for our

customers. Greg joined Spark in 2013 and

led the transformation of the broader retail

network and Spark’s SME operating model,

delivering strong revenue growth and higher

levels of customer engagement, before

joining the Leadership Squad in July 2023.

Prior to this he held a number of senior roles

across the telecommunications industry in

New Zealand and Australia, including

Allphones, Nokia, and Ericsson. Greg has a

Bachelor of Commerce and Administration

from Victoria University, Wellington.

2. Heather Polglase

People and Culture Director

Heather was appointed People and Culture

Director in September 2019. She joined Spark

in 2013 and has over 20 years’ experience as

a Human Resources (HR) professional, with

a proven track record for business

transformation, talent management,

leadership development, and succession

planning across a range of industries,

including FMCG, retail, hospitality, technology,

and telecommunications. At Spark, Heather

has held various senior HR positions and

delivered a number of critical initiatives,

including being a key architect of Spark’s

leadership and development programme

to build high-performing teams and leaders.

Prior to joining Spark, Heather was a senior

HR leader for almost a decade within

Progressive Enterprises then spent two years

in Australia leading HR, Strategy & Change

Management at Dan Murphy’s. She has a

Bachelor of Business Studies Degree

(Hospitality Management) from Auckland

University of Technology.

3. John Wesley-Smith

Strategy and Regulatory Director

John Wesley-Smith joined the Leadership

Squad in August 2023 as Strategy and

Regulatory Director, responsible for leading

the development of Spark’s business strategy

and Spark’s contributions to industry,

regulatory, and public policy processes.

John joined Spark in 2005 and has led Spark’s

industry and regulatory affairs teams for the

last 14 years.

1.2.3.

4.5.6.

7.8.9.

Hello tomorrow22

Our Leadership Squad

Our Leadership Squad

He has played a pivotal role in many of
Spark’s major capital investments and

transactions and represents Spark on the

Board of the Southern Cross Cable Network.

John started his career as a solicitor at

Russell McVeagh and has a Bachelor of Laws

and a Bachelor of Commerce from Victoria

University of Wellington.

4. Leela Ashford (nee Gantman)

Corporate Relations and

Sustainability Director

Leela joined Spark as Corporate Relations and

Sustainability Director in January 2020,

bringing with her over 20 years’ experience in

corporate and agency roles in New Zealand

and Australia. Prior to joining Spark, Leela was

Head of Communications at Fletcher Building,

and before this External Relations Director at

beverages group Lion in Australia. As Spark’s

Corporate Relations and Sustainability

Director, Leela is responsible for reputation

management, internal communications,

government, industry, and community

engagement, the company’s sustainability

strategy, and the charitable activities of the

Spark Foundation. She also serves as a Trustee

on the Spark Foundation Board. Leela holds a

Bachelor of Arts in Communications from the

University of Technology Sydney.

5. Mark Beder

Customer Director – Enterprise

and Government

As Customer Director for Enterprise and

Government, Mark supports corporate,

enterprise, and government customers to

grow and become more productive and

sustainable through technology, leading the

B2B sales, technology, and service teams

across Spark. He is also responsible for

Spark's investments into emerging

technologies and growth markets, including

digital health, data centre infrastructure,

the internet of things (IoT), and converged

technology solutions. Prior to this Mark held

a range of senior technology positions within

Spark, most recently as the Chief Operating

Officer, where he was responsible for building

a highly resilient, automated, and secure

network through investments into fixed and

mobile networks, IT infrastructure, operations

centres, cyber defence, and physical

infrastructure. Prior to joining Spark, Mark

worked for Ernst & Young Consulting in

Auckland. He has a Bachelor of Commerce

from the University of Auckland.

6. Matt Bain

Data and Marketing Director

As Data and Marketing Director, Matt brings

his digital marketing and customer experience

skills to place the customer at the centre of

Spark’s strategies. Matt joined Spark in 2018,

and was previously based in Amsterdam as

European Managing Director for brand

experience agency AKQA, with responsibility

for over 500 employees across five countries.

Over a 20-year international career, Matt has

worked with some of the world’s biggest

brands, including Nike, Heineken, Mini, Rolls

Royce, Siemens, EA Sports, Audi, Phillips,

Tommy Hilfiger, and KLM amongst others.

He has extensive experience using data, and

technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI) to

enable organisations to better understand

and predict their customers’ needs more

accurately. Matt holds a Master of Commerce

from the University of Auckland.

7. Melissa Anastasiou

General Counsel

As General Counsel, Melissa leads Spark’s

legal and compliance functions, providing

Spark with strategic legal and commercial

guidance, ensuring the business acts lawfully

and with the utmost integrity. She has also

played a pivotal role in leading out Spark’s

diversity and inclusion programme. Melissa

joined Spark in 2009 and undertook a range

of legal roles across the organisation before

being appointed as Group General Counsel

in 2012. Prior to joining Spark, Melissa spent

a number of years as a Senior Legal Counsel

for United Kingdom (UK) mobile provider

Telefonica O2. She also has extensive

experience working for leading corporate

law firms in Auckland and the UK. Melissa

has a Bachelor of Laws from Victoria University

of Wellington.

8. Renee Mateparae

Network and Operations Director

Renee joined the Leadership Squad in July

2023 as Network and Operations Director. In

this role she is responsible for Spark’s highly

resilient, automated, and secure networks,

including fixed and mobile networks,

operations centres, physical infrastructure, and

cyber defence. Renee joined Spark in 2017

and led the rollout of our 5G and Internet of

Things networks during her time as

Technology Evolution Tribe Lead. Prior to this,

Renee held a number of leadership roles

across the product and ventures areas of the

business. Prior to Spark Renee held several

senior roles at Air New Zealand, Accenture,

and Macquarie Group. In 2019 Renee was

appointed to the board of The Warehouse

Group for a two-year term as part of the

Future Directors programme. Renee has an

honours degree in Engineering, specialising

in Automation & Control Engineering, as well

as a post-graduate diploma in Business from

Massey University.

9. Stefan Knight

Chief Financial Officer

Stefan was appointed Chief Financial Officer

in December 2019. Stefan has been with

Spark since 2003 and has worked across a

range of finance and business performance

related roles. He played a key role over recent

years in important Spark initiatives, including

the Turnaround and Quantum business

improvement programmes and, more

recently, was part of the leadership group that

helped shape the organisation’s move to an

Agile way of working. Stefan is a Chartered

Accountant and began his career at Deloitte

working across both Audit and Corporate

Finance. Stefan has a Bachelor of Commerce

in Accounting and Finance from the University

of Auckland.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

23

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Creating value
for our

customers

Social capital

As New Zealand’s largest telecommunications

and digital services company, we have

relevance for almost every New Zealander.

Our customers range from individual

New Zealanders and households, to small

businesses, not-for-profits, government, and

large enterprise customers, delivering mobile,

broadband, cloud, and digital services.

We are excited by the opportunities digitisation

brings and recognise our responsibility to

help Aotearoa leverage new capabilities

to become more productive and sustainable

through technology.

Connected customers

OUTCOMES

24Hello tomorrow

Creating value for our customers

Creating value for our customers

Customer experience
We have an enduring focus on improving

the experiences of Spark customers, by

making their interactions with us simple

and effective. This work is showing up in

customer feedback, with our measure of

customer satisfaction, our interaction net

promoter score (iNPS) up 7 points to +38

in FY24.

A simple, data driven organisation

A core pillar of our strategy is to create a

simple, data driven organisation, which will

underpin our ability to improve customer

experiences, drive efficiency, and support

future growth.

In October, we completed our Plan

Simplification Programme, where we

moved customers from legacy broadband

plans to newer plans that are more suited

to customer needs. As part of this, we

migrated over 73,400 customers from

legacy fibre plans to new fibre plans,

moved over 71,200 customers off our

Unplan wireless plans to more fit-for-

purpose wireless plans, and shifted over

10,900 mobile lines to current plans.

Using data and AI to improve

transparency

Integrating a data driven approach

throughout our business has allowed our

teams to more effectively identify customer

pain points and address the root causes. In

FY24, we launched our 'emerging trends'

tool – an AI-generated report that identifies

monthly changes to customer experience.

As an example, this report identified that

customers were unhappy with our care

team messaging service, particularly when

they were passed from agent to agent. In

response, the care team was able to make

changes to limit the number of messages

each agent could handle, which reversed

the negative trend.

During the year, we also integrated new

technology into Spark's wireless

broadband modems. This means we can

now accurately measure speeds that our

customers receive on our 4G and 5G

wireless broadband plans, and share this

information as an average on our website

and in our marketing materials. As a result,

our customers are better equipped with

the information they need to understand

the speeds they can expect when signing

up for a wireless broadband plan with Spark.

We also continued to optimise our right

planning programme Made For You

Review, which harnesses the power of AI to

analyse a customer’s data, messaging, and

calling usage, and then recommends the

best and most cost-effective plan for them

based on their activity. Spark's customer

care teams underwent a major training

programme in FY24 to equip them to

understand the data served up by Made

For You Review, so they can have better

conversations with customers and guide

them towards the right plan for their needs.

When utilising any of our data and AI

capabilities, we are guided by our AI

Principles, Generative AI Policy, Privacy

Values, and Privacy Policy, which ensure

we take a responsible and ethical approach

to the design and operation of AI

technologies. Our AI Principles are

published on our website, providing

transparency for all our stakeholders:

www.spark.co.nz/online/about/our-

company/governance. See page 34 for

further details on our AI Governance and

privacy values.

Up 7 points

to +38 in FY24.

CONSUMER AND SMALL BUSINESS INPS

The Made For You Review campaign.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

25

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Bringing New Zealanders the best
digital-first experiences

In the last year we have continued to focus

on digital-first care experiences for our

customers, to better anticipate customer

needs, reduce wait times, and improve the

overall experience of interacting with Spark.

Our retail and virtual care agents form our

United Frontline (UFL) and support our

customers across a variety of channels

– including call centres, stores, and through

digital messaging. Enabling our team to

flow across channels ensures our customers

receive timely responses and an experience

that consistently ’feels like Spark’. This year

we saw use of our messaging tool, which is

available via the MySpark App or a

customer’s preferred messaging app,

surpass voice calling as the preferred

customer contact method for the first time.

Our UFL teams are now utilising the same

online journey as our customers, rather

than navigating more complex, separate

systems. This means Spark agents can see

exactly what our customers can see when

providing support, which is enabling faster

and more effective resolution.

As part of our digital first approach to

service, this year we introduced Outage

Assist, which has significantly improved the

service experience for customers

experiencing fixed broadband outages.

With Outage Assist, we can now proactively

notify customers of an issue on their fixed

broadband line and provide them with a

unique fault tracking link, as well as

unlimited calls, texts, and mobile data if

they have a pay monthly mobile on the

same account. This allows customers to

track the resolution of the fault without

having to call Spark and keeps them

connected with extra mobile data.

Customers can also troubleshoot and

diagnose household speed issues at any

time using the Spark Connection Check

tool within the MySpark app. Since

introducing Outage Assist, we saw a 35%

decrease in our inbound broadband call

volume when compared to the same

period in FY23.

To further enhance speed of resolution we

introduced help videos as a new section

in the MySpark app during the year.

Initially targeting high volume query types,

customers can be linked to these videos

from web, phone, and messaging

interactions before speaking with a

Spark agent.

We also introduced a multi-channel

e-commerce experience using the MySpark

app and website, which has driven a 26%

increase in website and app revenue

growth collectively.

Introducing Hello Tomorrow

In September we launched our new brand

positioning, ‘Hello Tomorrow’, which will

underpin our brand building efforts in the

years ahead. Hello Tomorrow represents

our belief that technology creates

opportunities, and when you feel you have

an opportunity today, it changes how you

see tomorrow.

We launched the new positioning with

a TV campaign, which was shot from the

point of view of a piece of technology.

This technology narrates the commercial

and shares that while it is capable of many

things, it doesn’t know what it feels like to

take a chance, like people do every day.

This brings to life our belief that

technology’s role is to enable people

to do great things.

“ This year we saw

use of our

messaging tool

surpass voice

calling as the

preferred customer

contact method

for the first time.”

Hello tomorrow26

Creating value for our customers

For running header don't delete

Spark Open Audition
In October we launched ‘Spark Open

Audition’ – a nationwide search for

Aotearoa’s next emerging musician who

would receive $10,000 worth of prizes,

including studio time at BIG FAN

recording studio to help launch their

career into the music industry. We

encouraged applicants to enter by

posting a ‘duet’ with a video of

homegrown rapper JessB on TikTok.

18-year-old Dunedin local, Niamh Crooks,

was voted by Aotearoa as the winner, with

her original song, ‘Devotion’ striking a

chord with New Zealanders. The

campaign generated over 17 million

views, with #SparkOpenAudition trending

number two on TikTok.

Spark Game Arena

We launched Spark Game Arena during

FY24 with a nationwide online

tournament, 'The Rise Cup featuring

Fortnite'. Delivered in partnership with

leading esports organiser LetsPlay.Live,

over 1,200 tournament participants

competed over three weekends for the

chance to win a share of $30,000.

Our ambition is for Spark Game Arena to

become the home of gaming at Spark

through partnerships with leading

brands, industry partners, and events.

Spark Game Arena aims to offer exciting

new gaming products and experiences,

while maintaining a commitment to safe,

inclusive, and equitable experiences,

which is underscored by partnerships

with Netsafe and Spark Foundation

partner, Digital Natives Academy.

Noise Control

In partnership with Spotify, we launched

Noise Control in August – a first of its

kind music show. Hosted by DJ duo

The Katayanagi Twins, Noise Control

presented 10 live music events in Auckland,

offering Spark customers exclusive

access to intimate performances and Q&A

sessions with top local artists. Featuring

musicians like Riiki Reid, Troy Kingi,

Muroki, and There’s a Tuesday, Noise

Control put a spotlight on emerging kiwi

talent and provided our customers with

an unforgettable experience.

Bringing New Zealanders the entertainment that moves them

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

27

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Empowering the
businesses creating

Aotearoa’s tomorrow

Spark is a trusted partner to New Zealand’s

business community, supporting

businesses of all sizes to harness the power

of technology to become more productive

and sustainable.

Supporting the growth of small-

medium businesses

Spark supports over 110,000 small to

medium businesses (SMEs) around

New Zealand through our network of 24

local Business Hubs. Each Business Hub is

locally owned through our licensee model,

meaning they have a deep understanding

of the needs of their local customers.

Customers are responding positively to

this ‘local like you’ model, with our SME

customer satisfaction score up +8 points

in FY24 to +48.

Our SME customers are feeling the

pressures of a tough economic

environment, with their number one

concern being escalating costs. With this

in mind, our focus is on enabling SMEs to

use technology to become more

productive – so they can do more, with less.

In FY24, we launched our ‘right-sized

solutions’ campaign, which supports our

SME customers with plans and technology

that meet their individual needs.

In FY24, we also continued our partnership

with the Government’s Digital Boost

programme, which equips small business

owners with the practical skills needed to

get their businesses online. More than

69,000 SME users have engaged with the

platform to date. Our Director of Consumer

and SME, Greg Clark, sits on the Digital

Boost Alliance’s Board of Governance.

Spark also provided the connectivity and IT

solutions for Digital Boost’s Tech Boost

service, that is helping businesses access

fit-for-purpose IT gear and tools, which

launched in June.

Spark Business Lab

Spark Business Lab educates and engages

SME businesses through events,

educational content, and hands-on digital

workshops across the country. In FY24,

Spark Business Lab delivered two events in

its Future State series, presented in

collaboration with Semi Permanent.

In November, global sustainability leaders

in food, fashion, and design travelled to

Wellington to present 'Future State 002:

The Turning Point', which focussed on how

businesses can embrace circularity in their

own supply chains. In May, an audience of

700 gathered at Spark Arena for 'Future

State 003: Ahead of the Curve’, where

leaders from organisations such as Ikea,

Accenture, and NYU Stern Business School

explored the driving forces behind their

digital transformation.

Supporting kaupapa Māori

Spark’s business customers include

a variety of Māori businesses across

the country.

In FY24, we partnered with the Media

Design School to offer students an

opportunity to respond to a real client

brief, like one they might encounter in

the industry. The students were

challenged to design a campaign to

help Spark celebrate Matariki and

encourage rangatahi to explore careers

in technology.

The selected concept was called

'Matariki Hunga Nui' and presented an

augmented reality experience that

aimed to bring people together under

the stars of Matariki. In this concept,

augmented reality offered users an

immersive experience that guided them

in learning how to use Te Waka o Rangi

– the celestial navigation tool – to locate

Ngā Whetū o Matariki.

Matariki Hunga Nui was awarded silver

in the Student & Academic Toitanga at

the Designers Institute of New Zealand

Best Design Awards.

During the year we supported our

partner Te Pūtahitanga o Te

Waipounamu, an organisation that seeks

to create social impact by investing

directly in initiatives developed by

whānau or community groups.

This involved hosting Te Pūtahitanga o

Te Waipounamu at Te Tihi Health

conference in Hamilton, taking them for

a tour of our Innovation Studio and

offering them a place on our AI for

Business Mini MBA, alongside other

Māori business partners.

Future State 003 at Spark Arena.

Hello tomorrow28

Creating value for our customers

For running header don't delete

Harnessing the power of AI
to combat disease outbreaks

in livestock

A mass disease outbreak could

have a devastating effect on

livestock, the farming community,

and New Zealand’s economy.

Concerned by this, veterinary

startup, Ingenum wanted to develop

an early warning system to detect

notifiable diseases in livestock and

enable a timely biosecurity response.

With the knowledge that tell-tale

signs of disease may be hidden

within the plethora of on-farm data

being captured every day around the

country, Ingenum, partnered with

Qrious to develop an AI solution.

The team developed Sentinel-AI – a

bespoke AI system that integrates

inputs from multiple sources,

including government agencies,

veterinary practices, on-farm

technology and abattoirs and

analyses the incoming data in real

time, while respecting the privacy of

its sources. In the process it develops

a ‘picture’ of typical patterns of

livestock health, which allows it to

detect and flag any anomalies that

may be indicative of disease.

This real-time data tracking will

enable all stakeholders, including

disease response teams, to get

ahead of the curve and make better

informed decisions to protect

Aotearoa’s biosecurity and

farming industry.

Spark Business Group

Spark Business Group continued to

support New Zealand’s largest businesses

and government ministries to harness the

power of technology for productivity and

growth, with some notable examples

outlined below.

As businesses continue to migrate their

operations to the cloud, in FY24 Spark’s

cloud business, CCL, launched CloudIQ –

a managed hybrid cloud service designed

to help businesses seamlessly manage

their diverse cloud platforms, including

on-premise, private, and public clouds.

CloudIQ leverages CCL’s local data

centres, as well as partnerships with major

global cloud providers, to provide flexible

cloud solutions designed to meet

businesses’ needs today and to prepare

them for the future.

During FY24, Spark also introduced

ServiceFlex, a modular IT service

management solution that combines smart

technology, automation, and AI to enhance

IT service delivery. ServiceFlex provides

features such as IT service desk solutions,

proactive insights, and interactive key

performance indicator (KPI) measures, and

is designed to streamline IT operations,

improve user experience, and reduce costs

through automated processes. ServiceFlex

is aimed at corporates, enterprises, and

government organisations, and was

launched with New Zealand Red Cross and

Fidelity Life as foundation customers.

In March, Spark’s data and AI business

Qrious celebrated a decade of pioneering

data and AI innovation in New Zealand.

Qrious has implemented transformative

technological solutions across a variety of

sectors. For example, Qrious is helping the

world’s largest marketer of kiwifruit, Zespri,

to unlock its data to get the highest quality

fruit possible onto consumers’ plates, and

developing an AI-powered disease

detection system with Ingenum.

The Qrious team.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

29

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Accelerating Aotearoa businesses
one technology generation

forward

In February, Spark and the New Zealand

Institute of Economic Research (NZIER)

launched a new report titled ‘Accelerating

Aotearoa businesses one technology

generation forward’ – examining the state

of New Zealand's productivity challenge,

and the role advanced digital technologies

can play in solving it.

The study combined insights from global

research into small advanced economies,

economic modelling by NZIER, and Spark’s

knowledge of current and future

opportunities enabled by digital

technology. It revealed that a 20% uplift

in the use of advanced digital technologies

is predicted to increase industry output

by up to $26 billion over the next decade

and GDP by as much as 2.08% per year.

Innovation in action

To launch these findings, we brought our

business customers, industry experts, and

media together to witness innovation in

action. Across seven life-size showcases,

technology experts demonstrated the

productivity benefits to be gained through

the implementation of advanced digital

technologies.

Audiences saw how the use of AI reduces

the time it takes to assess damage on

New Zealand roads, down from 66 days to

just seven, how extended reality headsets

can save precious time for both medical

specialists and patients, and how a

converged technology solution with MPI

is combining on-board cameras with IoT,

AI, machine learning, cloud computing,

and data and analytics, to enable better

verification of catch reporting data from

commercial fishing activities.

To help boost the adoption of advanced

digital technologies among New Zealand’s

largest organisations, we committed

$15 million to an Innovation Fund for our

business and government customers, with

$12 million allocated to customers already,

and an additional $3 million will be

available for customers to apply for over

three years.

AI for Business Mini MBA

As part of the research, NZIER asked

businesses about their knowledge gaps

when it comes to advanced digital

technologies – with 44% of respondents

stating they did not have enough

information about AI to make use of it in

their businesses. This inspired Spark to

launch New Zealand's first AI for Business

Mini MBA programme.

In May, 150 business leaders from a variety

of sectors embarked on a four-week

intensive programme to build their

competitive edge with AI. The programme

was offered exclusively to Spark business

customers and presented in collaboration

with Section, a world-leading business

education platform based in North

America. The course was designed to help

participants design AI strategies fit for their

businesses. 100% of participants surveyed

said they will apply the learnings within

their business and 78% said they would

consider using Spark to help implement an

AI solution for their business.

A Spark Health showcase of the future of digital health in New Zealand.

Hello tomorrow30

Creating value for our customers

For running header don't delete

Spark Health
Spark Health continued to provide digital

services, including software and IT services,

to Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand).

As a result of the macroeconomic

environment and a slow down in

Government spending, in FY24 Spark

Health refreshed its growth strategy with

a greater emphasis on the private sector,

including primary and community

healthcare providers. Here it aims to

support customers with digital

transformation and emerging technologies

such as data, cloud, and AI. As part of this

new focus on the private sector, Spark

Health added two experienced clinicians

as Digital Clinician Leads to the team –

Professor Matthew Parson, Clinical Chair

of Gerontology, and Dr Karl Cole, a

General Practitioner.

Spark Wholesale

Spark Wholesale supports New Zealand

and international service providers with

Mobile Virtual Network Operator (MVNO)

services, data transport, national backhaul,

international connectivity, cloud, internet,

IP voice, and satellite services.

In the past year, our wholesale business

continued to grow by supporting local

and global providers, including Content

Delivery Networks (CDNs) and cloud

platform partners, with their data growth

needs. This included providing global

cloud providers with higher rate, wholesale

international capacity services, including

100Gbps and 400Gbps bandwidths, on

Southern Cross and TGA submarine cable

paths out of New Zealand and strong

growth in the ‘application to person

messaging’ SMS (A2P One) service, which

supports global communication platform

providers with their messaging solutions

to New Zealanders.

Spark was recognised on the international

stage in January 2024 at the Pacific

Telecommunications Council Awards,

where we received the ‘Outstanding Carrier

Solutions Provider’ award for investments

into our national optical transport network

and its self-healing capabilities, which

provides resilient connectivity between

New Zealand’s major cities.

MATTR

MATTR operates in a new market of Trust

Technology – or what we call TrustTech

for short.

The TrustTech market is focussed on

addressing the challenges governments,

businesses, and individuals all face in the

digital world, where trust is difficult to

establish and hard to maintain. It is an

umbrella term for platform capabilities

that enable end-to-end trust lifecycle

management, for example digital identity

credentials.

During the year MATTR expanded its

operations in Australia and North America,

with business development talent in place

across both markets.

In Australia, MATTR continues to work as

the technology provider to the NSW

Government’s Digital ID and Verifiable

Credentials programme and in July

announced a new partnership with

Austroads, a member-owned collective

comprising the transport authorities of

Australia and New Zealand.

Austroads is creating a National Digital

Trust Service (DTS), which will provide

critical digital infrastructure to support

Australian jurisdictions in delivering Mobile

Drivers Licences (mDL). MATTR will be

working closely with Austroads to power

the first stage of the project, a pre-

production version of the DTS, based on

the MATTR VII platform.

A Spark Health showcase of the future of digital health in New Zealand.

Mini MBA turbo charges

AI journey for Te Pūtahitanga

o Te Wai Pounamu

Te Pūtahitanga o Te Waipounamu is a

social impact investment agency

working on behalf of eight Te

Waipounamu iwi to determine solutions

to support whānau development.

Martin Conway, Toki Kaupapa Matua

(Projects Specialist), says his employer is

motivated by the potential productivity

gains offered by AI, allowing kaimahi

(employees) more time for engagement

with whānau, supporting their

commissioned initiatives, and

communities they serve.

For his final report in the AI for Business

Mini MBA course, Martin presented an

AI use case that aims to streamline the

funding application process by an

additional 20%.

Martin says that once Te Pūtahitanga o

Te Waipounamu’s policy and

procedures protecting data sovereignty,

and outlining AI governance, are in

place, this will be a starting point for the

use of AI into other workstreams. While

AI will complement the expertise and

talent within their workforce, he is keen

to emphasise the point that whānau

voice is at the heart of all that they do,

which is something that cannot be

replaced by AI.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

31

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Keeping our customers
safe online

Spark puts cyber security, customer safety,

and privacy at the forefront of everything

we do. We invest in the security of our own

networks and also support our business

customers with their security needs.

We offer customers a breadth of capability

to monitor and detect attacks across their

networks and information architecture,

reduce business security risk, and improve

their security profiles.

Cyber security

The World Economic Forum’s Global Cyber

security Outlook Report 2024 identified

a stark divide between cyber-resilient

organisations and those that are struggling.

The report predicts that emerging

technologies will exacerbate challenges

related to cyber resilience, especially for

those that are less capable.

In New Zealand, Spark is a trusted advisor

to businesses on cyber security and works

alongside cyber security agencies and

partners, to monitor and respond to threats.

Our Chief Information Security Officer

(CISO) has responsibility for Spark’s cyber

security, while the Audit and Risk

Management Committee of Spark’s Board

has governance responsibility.

We govern our security programme using

the industry’s best practice frameworks,

including ISO27001 and NIST CSF

(National Institute of Standards and

Technology Cyber Security Framework). All

Spark services and networks are built with

multiple checks in place during the ‘design’,

‘build’, and ‘operate’ phases, to ensure they

are deployed with industry leading levels

of security, and we continually assess and

measure our cyber security maturity level.

Our cyber security strategy is shaped with

the following inputs:

• Dynamic road mapping: we adopt a

dynamic three-year outlook on our

security posture in an effort to predict

and prepare for potential cyber threats

in the coming years, whilst remaining

flexible to the realities of threats as they

arise. Roadmap management allows

our team to scrutinise our cyber security

strategy on a quarterly basis,

considering evolving global cyber

security threats and any new

technologies we can implement to

enable and protect our business,

people, and customers.

• Maturity assessments: our goal is to

always be aligned with, or even

exceed, the latest industry standards to

consistently elevate our cyber security

maturity. We audit our security maturity

through internal and external audits,

with frameworks like NIST, SOC-CMM,

and a proprietary CMMI Maturity

model developed by Accenture

forming the backbone of these

assessments. In FY24 we partnered

with Google’s Mandiant to undertake

a comprehensive maturity assessment,

which will enable us to continue to

evolve and uplift our maturity even

further.

• Alignment with Spark’s business

strategy: our cyber security strategy is

carefully aligned to both our wider

business strategy and the network

evolution strategy, to ensure it can

support our business objectives.

The Cyber Defence Tribe at the 2023 New Zealand Women in Security Awards.

Spark people also play a critical role in

helping to detect and defend against

potential cyber security threats. For that

reason, all our people are required to

undertake regular cyber security training,

to equip them in identifying and helping to

mitigate potential threats.

We have a large cyber security team with

over 150 security subject matter experts

and processes that ensure appropriate

ownership, oversight, and ongoing risk

management is applied to our customers’

and Spark’s IT systems and data. Our

Incident Response Plan governs how we

respond to threats, and we have invested

heavily in our threat intelligence platform.

In August, Spark entered into a partnership

with leading global cyber security provider,

Radware, to resell its suite of security

solutions to enterprise customers. As part

of this partnership, we have also integrated

Radware’s Cloud DDoS Protection Service

into our existing IT infrastructure as an

added layer of protection against complex

DDoS attacks – where multiple ‘bots’ are

used to send massive amounts of internet

traffic to a website server, causing it to

become overloaded and unable to handle

legitimate user requests.

In November, Spark’s Cyber Defence Tribe

won the award for Best Place to Work at

the 2023 New Zealand Women in Security

Awards.

Hello tomorrow32

Creating value for our customers

For running header don't delete

Online safety
We recognise the important role we must

play in protecting our customers from the

growing list of threats they face online –

including scams, cyber security risks, and

objectionable material.

Scams

Spark has an important role to play in

helping prevent our customers falling

victim to increasingly frequent and

sophisticated scams. Because we cannot

stop scamming from occurring, we are

focussed on blocking scams where we

can and empowering our customers to

be vigilant.

We work to limit the number of scam

calls our customers receive by monitoring

unusual calling activity and blocking

offending numbers. We also block many

messages containing known ‘bad URLs’, to

prevent customers inadvertently clicking on

the links.

To further strengthen our defence against

malicious activity, in February we integrated

the Malware Free Networks service from

the Government Communications Security

Bureau’s (GCSB’s) National Cyber Security

Centre into our network. This service helps

to reduce incidences of mobile and

broadband customers inadvertently

downloading malware onto their devices,

by blocking confirmed malicious websites

on our network.

In April, we further enhanced our customer

protections by introducing a new

automated Short Message Service (SMS)

scam firewall. The firewall, which is informed

by a global database of confirmed scam

content, significantly reduce the amount of

scam texts being received. This is by our

customers detecting URLs, phrases, and

‘calls to action’ that are known to be used in

SMS scam campaigns, and blocking them

– preventing them being received by the

customer. We have been monitoring

outgoing SMS traffic patterns from our own

network in an effort to detect scams for

many years, and while this has resulted in

a significant reduction in scam SMSs sent

from our own network, the new filter

improves our ability to detect and block this

activity coming through to our customers

from other mobile networks as well.

During FY24 we added another layer of

protection to help prevent people falling

victim to fraudulent Spark impersonations

via email, by adopting a technology

called ‘Brand Indicators for Message

Identification’ (BIMI). BIMI shows either our

trademarked logo or a blue verification tick

in the sender section of some email

platforms when the communications are

legitimate.

We also provide a number of products and

services to further protect customers from

scams. This includes a landline product

called Call Screen, a cordless home phone

that contains technology that can effectively

help customers protect themselves from

scam calls, and McAfee Security Standard

on eligible broadband plans, which helps

to protect customers from scams, viruses,

and other threats.

While these measures collectively provide

safer online experiences, we continue to

regularly remind our customers of the

evolving scam landscape and the

importance of remaining vigilant online.

Illegal child sexual abuse material

(CSAM)

Child sexual abuse material is abhorrent

and illegal and a growing issue in Aotearoa

and globally. To help protect our customers

from this content, and to help stop its

dissemination, we implement a range of

blocking measures on our network and

provide additional tools for our customers

to utilise on their own devices.

Spark has been a long-standing participant

in the Department of Internal Affairs’ (DIA)

Digital Child Exploitation Filter, which

blocks CSAM. Our Corporate Relations and

Sustainability Director is a member of the

Independent Reference Group that

maintains oversight of the filter.

During FY24 we announced an additional

agreement with DIA to block access to

websites containing CSAM on our network.

Building on this progress, in March we

announced we would become the first

New Zealand internet service provider to

become a member of the Internet Watch

Foundation (IWF) allowing us to block

CSAM contained on the Foundation’s URL

List on our network. This list includes

criminal websites that have been

individually assessed by an IWF analyst

and is updated twice daily. We also formally

endorsed WeProtect Global Alliance’s

‘11 Voluntary Principles to Counter Online

Child Sexual Exploitation and Abuse’,

which provides a framework for the digital

industry to help combat online child

exploitation.

Tools and education to protect our

customers

We educate and alert customers to

fraudulent activity through our scam alert

webpage, our social media channels, direct

customer communications, and via our

customer service teams.

We also partner with Netsafe to develop

and disseminate scam education material,

such as brochures, which are available in

store or online.

We also provide all our broadband

customers with access to Net Shield, which

helps to block harmful content and enables

safe searching. Our customers can turn the

Net Shield service on and off as regularly as

needed, by logging into their account on

the Spark website.

“ We recognise the important role we must

play in protecting our customers from the

growing list of threats they face online

– including scams, cyber security risks,

and objectionable material.”

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

33

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Using technology safely
and protecting customer

privacy

Using technology safely and protecting

our customers’ personal information are

responsibilities we take seriously. As we

continue to embed new technologies like

data and analytics and artificial intelligence

(AI) through our business processes,

we also continue to evolve our approach

to AI and data ethics, privacy, and

governance, to ensure we have the right

guardrails in place to protect our

customers’ information.

We are committed to keeping customers’

personal information safe and managing

it in ways that align with customer

expectations, Spark’s Artificial Intelligence

Principles, Spark’s Privacy Values, and the

law, including the Privacy Act 2020, and

the Telecommunications Information

Privacy Code 2020.

Data and AI governance

The rapid development of AI technologies

brings many benefits to New Zealand,

while also presenting increasingly complex

challenges in ensuring that both data and

data applications, are used by people and

organisations ethically, safely, and lawfully.

Spark’s use of AI is guided by our Artificial

Intelligence Principles, which focus on a

responsible and ethical approach to the

design and operation of AI technologies

within our business. Our principles are

focussed around seven key areas: human

centred; ethical design; diversity, inclusivity,

and bias; safety and reliability; privacy;

informed human decision-making; and

explicability and transparency. These

Principles are regularly reviewed and

updated as we continue on our AI journey.

During FY24 we evolved our data

governance strategy, restructuring our

governance forums to enable a more

targeted and purposeful approach.

We established an AI Executive Governance

Committee, which provides executive

oversight of Spark’s deployment of AI

across the business, including investment

choices, benefit realisation, and associated

changes to operating model design.

We also established a Data Ethics

Committee, which is more specifically

focussed on ensuring we are using data

and data applications, including AI,

ethically, legally, safely, and in line with

stakeholder expectations.

Operational matters have now been

integrated into our Information Security

Risk Management Committee, which

oversees data security and other risk

domains more broadly.

The Data Ethics Committee includes

representatives from the Leadership Squad,

together with relevant subject matter

experts and provides oversight as our

Artificial Intelligence Principles are further

embedded into our systems and processes.

Up until this year our use of AI within Spark

has been narrowly deployed against

specific use cases and controlled by a

centralised, specialist team who have

continued to ensure our use of this

technology aligns to our Artificial

Intelligence Principles. For example, we

have used AI to implement data-driven

marketing and to increase automation

within our network.

The acceleration of Generative AI opens up

new opportunities for a much broader

number of Spark people to utilise AI in their

day-to-day activities and is another pillar to

our overall AI roadmap. We are piloting

and then scaling different use cases across

the business while enhancing our

deployment approach in a carefully

structured and staged manner. As this

occurs, we will establish clear ownership

by senior leaders across the business for

change management in their areas,

supported by our subject matter experts,

and while maintaining Leadership Squad

oversight through our governance forums.

To support this, during FY24 the Data

Ethics Committee oversaw the creation

and adoption of a new Generative AI Policy.

This is an internal policy that

operationalises our Artificial Intelligence

Principles by providing specific usage

guidelines for our people who are working

with Generative AI tools within Spark. We

are now disseminating and embedding this

policy, in line with the staged rollout of

Generative AI tools across the business.

To further embed our AI principle of

privacy into our processes, we also require

all new AI work that uses personal

information in a new way to go through a

Privacy Impact Assessment, which is then

reviewed by a Privacy Ambassador (as

explained below) or Privacy Officer. The

Privacy Ambassador either approves,

declines or helps reframe requests that sit

within guidelines, or escalates the request

to the Privacy Officer and the Spark Legal

team (as required) for further investigation

and discussion. This process ensures that

any privacy aspects of proposed data and

AI work are considered prior to any

development commencing.

Hello tomorrow34

Creating value for our customers

For running header don't delete

Our privacy programme
Spark’s Digital Trust team leads Spark’s

privacy programme, providing frameworks,

tools, and training to support Spark people

to follow our Privacy Policy and Values.

Internal processes and controls to

safeguard customer privacy:

• Risk assessments

New products and services are

assessed for any privacy risks, with

appropriate mitigations embedded

into their design and implementation.

For many of our business units, these

assessments are conducted by Spark

Privacy Ambassadors – specially trained

team members equipped with

Spark-made assessment tools and

supported by dedicated privacy

experts. New vendors are also screened

to ensure privacy will be managed

appropriately.

• Personal information access

management

Spark’s Call Investigation Centre (CIC)

manages requests for personal

information from customers and

government agencies. We report

agency request volumes in our Spark

Transparency Reports: www.spark.co.

nz/help/privacy-and-safety/how-we-

manage-privacy/spark-transparency-

report

• Responding to data breaches

Our dedicated Data Breach Reporting

Tool enables any breaches to be

reported by our people and managed

in a customer-focussed way and in

compliance with the Privacy Act 2020.

Awareness and support for our people:

• Privacy resources

Our Policy Playbook contains guides

for applying privacy considerations to

everyday activities and comprehensive

resources are provided for our people

online.

• Privacy training

All our people must complete privacy

training on joining and annually, to

ensure privacy considerations and

Privacy Act compliance remains top

of mind.

• Resolving privacy issues

Our people are encouraged to raise

any privacy issues they become aware

of via the Digital Trust team or Spark’s

internal online whistleblowing tool,

the Honesty Box.

Supporting our customers:

• The Privacy and Online Safety section

on our website contains a range of tools

and services to help customers safely

manage their privacy and security.

Privacy compliance and reporting

In FY24 our people reported 228 data

breaches for investigation, with 30 of these

meeting the Privacy Act criteria for

notification to affected individuals and the

Office of the Privacy Commissioner (OPC).

Most notifiable breaches involved

fraudsters using personal information

obtained from non-Spark sources, such as

compromised online accounts or phishing

(where fraudsters trick individuals into

sharing their personal information).

As fraudsters’ tactics continue to evolve,

we continually review and update our

internal processes and educate our

customers around best practice password

management and avoiding scams.

In FY24 Spark received 17 substantiated

privacy complaints from customers and

two substantiated complaints through the

OPC. These enabled us to identify

opportunities for targeted coaching or

appropriate enhancements to our practices

and processes.

Legal and regulatory compliance

Under our Code of Ethics all our people

are responsible for ensuring we behave

ethically and comply fully with all

applicable laws and regulations.

Spark’s Legal and Compliance Policy sets

out the specific accountabilities that our

people have for complying with the law.

Our people leaders make sure their teams

have the information and training necessary

to meet these standards, and our Legal and

Digital Trust teams support our people with

comprehensive frameworks, tools, training,

and advice.

Every employee is required to complete

online training modules on the Code of

Ethics and how to apply it, and we reinforce

this training through regular internal

communication across the business.

See: www.spark.co.nz/online/about/

our-company/governance

We continue to engage constructively

with the Commerce Commission as

appropriate, both proactively and

reactively, on a case-by-case basis to

ensure we are complying with all

applicable laws and regulations. This

includes working proactively with the

Commission on various ‘retail service

quality’ (RSQ) initiatives such as consistency

of mobile service coverage information.

There were no significant instances of

non-compliance with laws or regulations,

including in respect of marketing

communications, in FY24.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

35

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Creating value
through our

network and

technology

Manufactured + intellectual capital

Our extensive networks and valuable portfolio of

digital infrastructure assets underpin Aotearoa’s

digital economy and enable the people and

businesses creating our country’s tomorrow.

Our portfolio includes:

• Active infrastructure on 2,176 mobile sites

1

• Network connectivity across ~9,400km

national fibre backhaul

2

• Partnerships with local fibre networks and

Chorus to access the ultrafast broadband

(UFB) and national copper networks

• 22.3MW data centre capacity and 118MW

potential development pipeline

3

• 35 major network sites (exchanges)

• A purpose-built Satellite Earth Station in

Warkworth

• 41% shareholding in Southern Cross Cable

Network, which owns the Southern Cross

and the Southern Cross Next international

submarine cables

• 17% shareholding in mobile towers

business Connexa

Connected and resilient

New Zealand

OUTCOMES

1. Includes Spark active equipment on 1,549 third party

towers, 514 Rural Connectivity Group (RCG) towers, 98

small cells, and 15 temporary sites as active at 30 June 2024.

2. Includes ~1,400km of Spark owned fibre, and ~8,000km

of shared fibre active at 30 June 2024.

3. In August, Spark entered into a conditional agreement to

purchase land at Takanini, which would add 48MW to the

site. This increased the total development pipeline from

70MW at the end of FY24 to 118MW at time of publishing.

36Hello tomorrow

Creating value through our network and technology

Creating value through our network and technology

Investing in digital
infrastructure and next

evolution technology

New and emerging technologies, such as

multi-access edge computing, cloud, IoT,

and generative AI, are changing the way

we work and connect.

These technologies are underpinned by a

diverse range of digital infrastructure that is

built and operated by Spark and other

industry participants. This includes fibre

backhaul, which provides the ‘backbone’

connectivity to our fixed and mobile

networks; 5G infrastructure, which delivers

enhanced network performance for our

customers; submarine cables, which carry

large amounts of data and connect

New Zealand to the world; and data centres,

which house the large amounts of data

needed for these high-tech tools to operate.

During FY24, we invested over $350 million

to deliver a highly secure, automated, and

resilient network, and in the digital

infrastructure that unlocks new

commercialisation opportunities,

supercharges the competitiveness of our

products and services, and supports

our customers to grow.








Our AI and IT Transformation

Programme

At Spark, investment in data and AI has

been a key feature of our strategy for

many years. These capabilities enable

us to serve our customers more

effectively by better anticipating their

needs and help us to deliver our

services more efficiently.

A pillar of SPK-26 is to create a simple

data driven organisation. To deliver this

ambition, we have established a

Transformation Programme that brings

together our work in AI and IT – with the

aim of deepening our use of AI, while

integrating data and IT across Spark to

create efficiencies through the right

architecture, automation, and

standardisation.

We believe that broadening and

deepening the use of AI in our business

will deliver three key things:

• Better customer and people

experiences

• A fitter and faster business

• Higher growth

We have dedicated squads who are

testing and deploying specific

generative AI use cases into different

parts of the business, to identify our

biggest areas of opportunity. As an

example, we are now using AI in our call

centres to map customers to the right

queue and help address their needs

more quickly and effectively.

As we explore further AI use cases we

are guided by our Artificial Intelligence

Principles, our Privacy Values, and our

Privacy Policy, which can be accessed on

our website: www.spark.co.nz/online/

about/our-company/governance.

See page 34 for further details on our AI

Governance and Privacy.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

37

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Investing in our data centres
Accelerating growth in our data centre

business is a core focus of Spark’s strategy.

With data usage increasing exponentially,

and the proliferation of generative AI,

demand for data centre capacity is growing

rapidly. We are well positioned to capture

our share of this growth, with our

nationwide data centre network, our own

significant capacity usage, complementary

digital infrastructure, such as our fibre

networks and subsea cable assets, our

relationships with cloud hyperscalers, and

our ability to provide products and services

direct to customers.

Our existing data centre portfolio includes

22.3 MW of total capacity focussed on

Auckland (where most current data centre

demand is), as well as regional centres such

as the Waikato, Bay of Plenty, Wellington,

Christchurch, and Dunedin.

In Auckland our ambition is to establish

three large-scale data centre campuses,

including our largest site at Takanini, our

CBD site on Mayoral Drive, and a planned

development on the North Shore.

In FY24 we completed a 10MW expansion

of our Takanini campus on time and on

budget, which now has a total capacity of

12.3MW. The expansion included a highly

energy efficient cooling system, which uses

ambient air to cool the data centre.

Following the conclusion of the financial

year, in August, Spark entered into an

agreement to purchase adjacent land at

Takanini, bringing Takanini’s total potential

development pipeline to ~63MW. Design

is currently under way for a phased

expansion.

This brings our overall development

pipeline to 118MW, and when combined

with our existing capacity, means we can

grow our total data centre business to over

140MW in the future. As we invest in this

growth opportunity, we are targeting

returns of ~10-15%

1

.

Our Auckland CBD data centre is

strategically sought after due to its

customer ecosystem and location as a key

connection point for international

submarine cable systems and national

networks. We are currently expanding

capacity at this site to add an additional

1MW of capacity, and an adjacent

Spark-owned site provides the potential to

add another 15MW of capacity in the future.

During the year we also received resource

consent to build a new, large-scale data

centre on Auckland’s North Shore as part of

a 43-hectare masterplan development with

global surf park creators Aventuur. The

development will use an innovative heat

exchange system enabling excess heat

produced by the data centre to warm the

water of the nearby surfing lagoon, while an

onsite seven-hectare solar farm will supply

renewable energy back into the data centre.

FacilityStatusSite Capacity (MW)

Auckland – Takanini CampusBuilt 12

Auckland – Aotea CampusBuilt 3

Other sitesBuilt 7

Total capacity built22

Auckland – Aotea CampusUnder construction1

Total capacity under construction1

Auckland – North Shore CampusDevelopment pipeline40

Auckland – Takanini CampusDevelopment pipeline63

2

Auckland – Aotea CampusDevelopment pipeline15

Total development pipeline (as at Aug 2024) 118

2

Total potential capacity (as at Aug 2024) ~140

The North Shore site will become Spark’s

third strategic Auckland location, with

capacity for a staged build of a 40MW

campus over time.

Outside of Auckland, during the year we

also partnered with the University of

Waikato to take over the management of its

existing data centre facility on campus, with

the University becoming an anchor

customer at the site. We have further

investment planned to upgrade and grow

capacity and operate the site as a key edge

data centre for Spark and our business

customers. An edge data centre is located

closer to where the data is being used,

reducing the time it takes for data to travel

back and forth. This enables faster access

and better performance for various

applications and services.

A render of the large-scale data centre on Auckland’s North Shore.

1. Target internal rate of return over the expected investment horizon.

2. In August, Spark entered into a conditional agreement to purchase land at Takanini, which would add 48MW to the site. This increased the total development pipeline

from 70MW at the end of FY24 to 118MW at time of publishing.

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Creating value through our network and technology

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Unlocking the power of 5G
Our national 5G rollout has continued at

pace, with 5G now live in 103 locations

across Aotearoa, from large cities to smaller

regional towns. This means almost half the

population can now access 5G through

Spark’s network.

As we build our 5G network across the

country, we are also working on making it

more advanced and powerful. 5G is not just

about faster internet on your phone, it can

also improve the performance and

reliability of many services and applications,

such as video streaming, gaming, and smart

solutions. We are currently deploying a 5G

core network, which will deliver a true

end-to-end 5G experience, without any

dependency on legacy technologies –

known as 5G standalone.

5G standalone allows us to create different

service slices of the network that can be

tailored for different purposes, referred to

as network slicing. This means we can

optimise the network to suit the specific

needs of different customers and industries.

We are already testing this technology

across a range of different use cases with

customers. For example, we have recently

started a trial that brings together a 5G

Standalone private network with AI

computer vision to help keep people safe

in a manufacturing environment. Cameras

detect whether people are wearing the

appropriate safety gear, while blurring the

images for privacy. Anyone who is not

complying with the health and safety

requirements will appear red on the screen,

enabling intervention. This can enhance

accident prevention and injury reduction

across a wide range of industries.

“ Our national 5G

rollout has

continued at pace,

with 5G now live

in 103 locations.”

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

39

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

The Internet of Things (IoT)
Spark IoT connections have continued to

grow, surpassing two million during FY24.

IoT solutions enable businesses to monitor

things in the natural and physical worlds

around them, collecting data that can then

be analysed and used to inform decision-

making. We deliver these solutions through

a range of different Spark IoT networks,

each catering to different business use

cases depending on bandwidth and

coverage requirements. Specialist IoT

devices are used to record and capture the

data customers want to monitor, and IoT

platforms with dashboard and alert features

can be used by our customers to act

immediately on the insights gathered.

In October, Spark acquired all of the

remaining shares in Adroit, a leading

Internet of Things provider that specialises

in technology solutions for real-time

environmental monitoring, with solutions

that are used across worksites, construction,

agriculture, aquaculture, councils, and

infrastructure sectors.

During the year, Spark's Innovation Studio

underwent a refresh to bring it up to speed

with the rapid pace of technological

change. The refreshed Studio showcases

the latest innovative technologies across

different customer use cases, including

asset management, critical communications,

smart environments, construction, water,

and emerging technology. Since its

opening in 2021, the Studio has seen over

400 tour groups across businesses and

industry coming through to learn more

about technologies, such as AI, computer

vision, and IoT, and to view real-life

examples from local organisations who

are using these technologies to solve

business problems.

Using IoT for continuous

monitoring of geotechnical

environments

Many areas in New Zealand are prone to

slips, resulting in delays and road

closures. This is particularly relevant with

the increase in extreme weather events in

Aotearoa. Monitoring for tilt or slope

changes can be hazardous, labour-

intensive, and time-consuming, resulting

in delayed data gathering, health and

safety risks, and a lack of accuracy.

Adroit has been working with customers

in the infrastructure sector to provide an

IoT solution using satellite-connected

Tiltmeter technology, to monitor tilt or

slope changes in various structures

or geotechnical environments.

Highly accurate rotation data allows trend

monitoring that can help detect

movement of slopes and structures, as

well as being used as early warning

systems for catastrophic structural failure.

Real-time data allows for immediate

analysis and interpretation of monitoring

results, which in turn enables quick

decision-making and timely intervention

to mitigate risks – providing early warning

of potential hazards, such as landslides,

sinkholes, or structural instability.

Tiltmeters can be instrumental in

preventing road closures and keeping

New Zealand's biggest industries moving

around the country.

The updated Innovation Studio.

A showcase demonstration of the tiltmeter

solution.

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Creating value through our network and technology

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Harnessing converged technology to make the fishing
industry more sustainable

In FY24 Spark worked with the Ministry for Primary Industries (MPI) to install cameras

on inshore commercial fishing vessels to help verify fishers’ reported catch and effort

data and to ensure the sustainability of New Zealand marine life is managed by the

fishing industry in a modern way. This technology solution is breaking new ground by

bringing together on-board cameras with IoT, AI, machine learning, cloud computing,

and data and analytics.

Spark is providing the technology, cameras, software, and transmission process that

enables the verification of fisher-reported data, to help inform fisheries management

decision-making. An important component of the system is the processing of video

footage that happens onboard the vessel. Previously, all data had to be put on a disc

and couriered, but with this automated system, when a vessel is in range of Spark’s 4G

mobile network, the footage is uploaded to the cloud, where further processing

takes place.

Using AI and machine learning, when the system detects human in-frame activities, the

cameras move into high-definition capture and the relevant encrypted footage is

stored and marked for upload. This reduces footage storage and review costs and

allows for more targeted review of the footage by MPI, while also protecting fishers’

privacy by targeting in-frame activities.

The convergence of our

high-tech capabilities

Up until now our high-tech capabilities –

such as 5G standalone, AI, and IoT – have

operated largely independently of each

other, but globally we are seeing a rapid

acceleration of technology convergence.

Converged solutions bring these different

technologies together to solve business

problems where it was not possible or

cost-effective to do so in the past.

Considering the challenges New Zealand

businesses are currently facing, we

believe technology convergence has an

important role to play in boosting

productivity and sustainability outcomes

across our economy.

During FY24 we have embarked on a

number of converged technology

customer trials, to inform our development

of key use cases that can be scaled further

in future years.

“ Technology

convergence has

an important role

to play in boosting

productivity and

sustainability

outcomes across

our economy.”

A showcase of the converged technological solution on a makeshift fishing trawler.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

41

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Enhancing the resilience of
our network

Our customers rely on us to provide

networks and technology that is highly

reliable in the face of unpredictable events.

We make significant investments into

network resiliency annually, and following

increasingly severe weather events around

Aotearoa, we have been focussed on how

resilience to natural disasters can be further

enhanced.

Working collaboratively

as an industry

As an industry, we invest heavily in disaster

preparedness, with around $1.62 billion

being invested each year to maintain and

upgrade networks. During major incidents,

the sector comes together through our

industry group, the Telecommunications

Forum (TCF), which coordinates operators,

other infrastructure sectors, including

electricity and roading, as well as

government, to restore services.

Over the last year, mobile network

operators have continued working

together to identify critical sites offering

widespread coverage so they can be

prioritised for restoration.

Maintaining coverage during

power outages

One of the main reasons for

telecommunications outages is a loss of

power. Most of our mobile sites are

equipped with battery backup and the

ability to connect standalone generators

when those battery reserves are exhausted,

which provides short-term continuity of

coverage during power outages. We are

now working with our partners to extend

battery life on major, critical sites to ensure

they can withstand power outages for

longer periods of time.

We are also working on an automation

solution for our cell towers to improve the

management of power consumption

during power outages. This means that our

cell towers will be able to monitor their

own power consumption, detect when they

are unable to draw power from the grid,

and automatically prioritise connectivity for

essential communications functions, such

as calls and texts.

Establishing Aotearoa’s Public

Safety Network

We have established a joint venture with

One NZ to support the operational

capability of New Zealand’s emergency

services through the establishment of the

Public Safety Network. The Network, which

was established by Next Generation Critical

Communications Poutama Whai Tikanga

Pāpāho, is used by New Zealand's frontline

emergency responders, including Fire and

Emergency New Zealand, Police, Hato

Hone St John, and Wellington Free

Ambulance, and provides emergency

services teams with access to roaming

across both the Spark and One NZ

networks, to improve redundancy.

Deploying satellite to bolster

resilience

Satellite has an important role to play by

adding an additional layer of resilience to

traditional networks.

While using fibre to connect cell towers to

the network ensures we can support the

day-to-day activities New Zealanders

expect to be able to do on their mobile

phones, fibre cables run along the ground,

including under roads and over bridges,

both of which can become damaged

during a natural disaster. This is where

satellite backhaul plays an important role in

resilience – substituting fibre temporarily to

allow for basic connectivity, such as texts

and calls.

During the year we established a network

of satellite-connected small cells

throughout the country, which can be

deployed to provide access to a basic level

of mobile connectivity during emergencies

when fibre backhaul (which connects a cell

tower back into the network) becomes

compromised.

These satellite-connected emergency small

cells are housed in five strategic locations

in Northland, Auckland, Gisborne,

Palmerston North, and Canterbury, making

them readily available to deploy should the

Spark mobile network be impacted by a

fibre outage.

Our longer-term ambition is to enable

our strategically placed permanent cell

towers to automatically switch to satellite

backhaul if required, ensuring we can

provide connectivity when our customers

need it most.

We are also currently trialling direct

satellite-to-mobile technology with our

partner Lynk Global, before offering the

service to Spark customers at scale as more

satellites are deployed.

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Creating value through our network and technology

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Improving customer experiences
and resilience through AI and

automation

We are trialling the use of generative AI

and machine learning to detect anomalies

in the network and generate insights for

our engineers, such as ‘I have observed

multiple voice call drops in a metro site in

Auckland’. This enables our engineers to

quickly turn their attention to that site,

diagnose the issue, and respond to prevent

it becoming more widespread.

We are also running trials of generative AI

within our operations team. This will allow

us to interact and query various knowledge

bases in real time using simple prompts

such as, ‘I want to see how many users on a

cell site are impacted by this issue’ or ‘I

want to see why traffic is unusually slow on

this cell tower’. This also has the potential to

predict maintenance requirements and

automate corrective actions in future.

Working with government to

improve resilience

While we are making great progress in

preparing our network for future disruptions,

we are committed to working alongside

the industry and government to explore

further opportunities to improve resilience.

To support this, we are engaging with

officials to ensure important policy enablers

that support network resiliency are in place.

This includes the continued release of

spectrum, which enables us to keep

extending 5G coverage; ensuring

proposed Resource Management Act 1991

reforms support the rollout of

telecommunications infrastructure in a

changing built environment; ensuring

digital infrastructure is considered in

Aotearoa’s climate change planning;

enabling cross-sector collaboration on

resilience; and ongoing investment in

public and private partnerships, like the

Rural Connectivity Group.

OTN nodes

Planned OTN 2.0 nodes

OTN network

WHANGAREI

WARKWORTH

ROTORUA

TAUPO

MASTERTON

DUNEDIN

INVERCARGILL

QUEENSTOWN

TAURANGA

NAPIER

PALMERSTON

NORTH

PORIRUA

NEW PLYMOUTH

LEVIN

NELSON

TIMARU

BLENHEIM

HAMILTON

AUCKLAND

WELLINGTON

CHRISTCHURCH

A stronger backbone for our

network

Over recent years we have been investing

in the next generation of our Optical

Transport Network (OTN), which is the

fibre backbone of our network and

connects Aotearoa’s major cities to the

core of the network.

Last year, we completed building our OTN

2.0, which has multiple redundancy paths

and ‘self-healing’ capabilities. This means it

enables the light signals that carry data up

and down the country to automatically

divert to an alternative path if a fibre cut

occurs, swiftly restoring services where it is

possible to do so.

Our OTN 2.0 has seven times the data

capacity of the OTN, which is supporting

our 5G rollout and providing our fixed and

mobile networks with enough capacity to

meet ongoing growth in data consumption.

We are also building our access and

aggregation network which will provide

diverse paths between our cell towers and

our OTN 2.0, with its own self-healing

capabilities to improve resilience further.

Additionally, we have three geographically

diverse, highly resilient Spark network data

centres providing core voice and mobile

services located in Auckland, Porirua, and

Christchurch.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

43

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Connecting New Zealand with
the world

During FY24, we completed the fourth

upgrade of the Tasman Global Access

Network (TGA) cable system through a

consortium with Telstra and One NZ.

This further increases capacity on the cable

to service growing demand for connectivity

between Australia and New Zealand.

Mobile network availability

Mobile network

availabilityFY23FY24

Availability of

4G network due

to site outages*

99.69%99.87%

* Calculated as the total availability time of

all sites minus outages / total availability

time of all sites.

Connecting rural Aotearoa

Improving rural connectivity remains a key

priority for Spark as we, alongside our

industry partners, work to close the

geographical digital divide. While our

networks reach 98% of New Zealanders,

there are significant challenges in providing

coverage across mountainous, foliage-

dense terrain, with highly dispersed

populations.

The Rural Connectivity Group

We are a partner in the Rural Connectivity

Group (RCG), a joint venture with One NZ

and 2degrees that enables us to share the

costs of building rural mobile infrastructure

where it would otherwise not be

commercially viable.

In June, the RCG connected its 500th rural

cell site at Anawhata, serving a coastal

community between Piha and Bethells

Beach on Auckland’s west coast. As a result

of the connectivity provided by the RCG,

33,000 previously unconnected

households across the country now have

internet connectivity, and mobile coverage

is available across thousands of kilometres

of roads and 110 tourist hotspots.

Last year, Spark, One NZ, and 2degrees

each committed an additional $24 million

in funding to the RCG between 2023 and

2025, as part of an agreement with the

Crown to expand mobile coverage further

into rural New Zealand and reduce mobile

black spots on state highways.

We have also accelerated our own

deployment of 5G in the regions, with 5G

connectivity now available in 103 towns

with a population over 1,500 – which is 66%

of our FY26 ambition.

Connecting rural marae

The Marae Digital Connectivity

Programme aims to improve digital

access in provincial and rural Aotearoa

by connecting marae to reliable internet

and providing iwi, hapū, and whānau

with access to technology, including

cloud storage, digital security networks,

and state-of-the-art hardware. Spark is

the key delivery partner working

alongside Te Puni Kōkiri and Crown

Infrastructure Partners.

One of the immediate benefits has

been enabling whānau who lived

elsewhere to stay connected to their

hapū and join hui or wānanga virtually.

The technology will also help marae to

work with their rangatahi to support

new skills development, while

supporting local communities to

innovate and create new business

opportunities – such as hosting

wānanga or conferences and

collaborating virtually.

Comprehensive training on how to use

the technology was rolled out around

the country by Te Wānanga o Aotearoa

as part of the initiative and a total of 659

marae have been connected through

the programme at the end of FY24.

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Creating value through our network and technology

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Migrating customers off
legacy technology onto

future-proof alternatives

We continue to migrate customers off

end-of-life technology and onto modern

alternatives already used by the majority of

New Zealanders across the country, such as

fibre and wireless. This includes the

retirement of the Public Switched Telephone

Network (PSTN) and our 3G network.

Retiring the Public Switched

Telephone Network (PSTN)

The Spark-operated PSTN – the traditional

way of providing landline services – was

built in the 1980s and is rapidly reaching

end-of-life. The network’s components

have not been manufactured since 2003

and the people with the skills needed to

maintain it are getting harder to find.

The majority of New Zealanders have

already made the switch to fibre or wireless

proactively. In 2017, we had over a million

customer lines on the PSTN, by the end of

FY24 only 77,000 remained. Around 3,200

customer lines, on average, migrate off this

technology every month. As customers

move off the PSTN, we are able to

decommission legacy PSTN equipment. To

date, we have decommissioned almost

65% of our PSTN switches, which has

resulted in a significant decrease in our

power usage and carbon emissions.

Over the past year, we developed and

implemented a solution for customers who

rely on the legacy PSTN system for their

voice services but have limited access to

fibre or wireless alternatives. The solution,

called MSAN (multi-service access nodes)

enables our customers to maintain their

copper line but instead of using the PSTN

switch, it connects them to our new Access

and Aggregation Network. This solution

enables us to continue decommissioning

PSTN switches while ensuring our

customers remain connected until more

advanced solutions become available in

their region.

In a separate programme to Spark’s PSTN

shut down, Chorus is gradually withdrawing

its copper network as it also reaches

end-of-life. The copper network includes

the physical lines carrying calls and data.

We have a dedicated customer service

team for customers going through either a

PSTN or copper migration and offer free

in-home visits where required.

Closing our 3G network to make

way for 5G in rural Aotearoa

In FY23 we confirmed that we will close

down our legacy 3G network towards the

end of 2025. The 3G network currently uses

limited radio spectrum that is required to

rollout 5G in rural areas, so closing it will

enable us to re-farm that spectrum for use

in our rural 5G rollout.

We recognise that this network closure may

cause concern for the few rural

communities where there is currently only

3G available, which is why we have

continued to enhance our 4G network in

these areas ahead of the closure.

At the same time, we are aware that some

of our customers are still connecting to 3G

in areas where 4G is available.

Predominantly, this is due to customers

using devices that can’t make voice calls

over 4G (mobile voice calls over 4G are

technically known as VoLTE – Voice over

LTE) and therefore still use 3G, so we have

continued working with customers to make

sure that these devices are replaced ahead

of the 3G network closure.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

45

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Creating value
for our

environment

Natural capital

We rely upon natural capital through the diverse

materials drawn from around the world to

manufacture the physical assets that make up our

networks and technology, and the devices our

customers use. We also draw upon natural

resources to power our technology and our

broader business operations.

Our networks, distributed across New Zealand,

are also impacted by changes in the

environment, which has implications for the

resilience of our infrastructure and the

supporting services required to operate them.

Through the products and services we provide,

our customers are able to live and work more

sustainably and productively, enabling them to

reduce their impact on the environment and use

of natural resources.

We can reduce our draw on natural capital and

shift towards circular and renewable operating

models. And by being deliberate about our role

in enabling emissions reductions and climate

adaptation, we can ensure our customers and all

of New Zealand can realise the benefits of digital

technology in protecting natural capital and

responding to environmental challenges.

OUTCOMES

Protecting the

environment and

enabling positive

environmental outcomes

through our customers’

use of technology

46

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Hello tomorrow

Creating value for our environment

Creating value for our environment

Our approach to
environmental

management

We have a focus on continuous

improvement in our environmental

management. Despite this, we saw a

significant increase in our scope 1 and 2

emissions in FY24, putting us above our

emissions reduction target pathway – our

primary environmental KPI. See page 49 for

more information on our performance.

Spark’s Environmental Policy sets out our

expectations for our people to consider

environmental impacts when making

decisions at work, including examining our

business practices, understanding their

impacts, and taking reasonable steps to

reduce our environmental footprint. This is

available at: www.spark.co.nz/online/

about/our-company/governance

To help our people understand their role in

creating a sustainable Spark, we have an

online training module for all employees

that provides information on our approach

to sustainability and our expectation that

our people consider environmental

impacts in their day-to-day activities. We

also communicate our progress to our

employees through regular sustainability

newsletters and direct engagement with

teams across the business.

Working within Spark’s agile operating

model we have an established governance

process to manage our most material

environmental topics. This includes an

Emissions Reduction Squad, led by our

Environment Manager and comprising

employees working in a variety of roles

across the Spark Group. This squad is split

into three workstreams, focussed on

mobile networks, data centres, and fleet.

Over the past year the squad worked to

build energy costs and emissions

considerations into our capital deployment

and funding decision-making processes

and templates.

We measure and report our energy use

and emissions on a quarterly basis,

alongside other broader sustainability KPIs,

to our Leadership Squad. The Leadership

Squad acts as a steering committee for

sustainability across Spark through a

standing agenda item at quarterly

meetings. We believe sustainability is

relevant to all areas of the business, so key

updates and decisions are participated in

by all members of our Leadership Squad.

The Spark Board is provided a sustainability

update on a quarterly basis, including as

part of annual integrated reporting for year-

end. In the past year these updates

covered a range of topics, including

performance against KPIs (including

tracking emissions and energy use) and

also on broader topics, such as climate risk.

Technology for

emissions reduction

We believe technology has an important

role to play in enabling emissions

reductions across our economy. The role

of digital technology in enabling

decarbonisation is broad – it provides

secure access to remote services, which

helps people to reduce commuting; it can

connect and monitor physical assets and

natural environments, which creates

insights that people and systems can then

act on; it can influence behaviour; and it

underpins the creation of low-carbon

industries and jobs. To quantify this role,

we undertook research with thinkstep-anz

during our last financial year. Through this

study we found that digital technologies

can support annual emissions reductions

of 7.2 Mt by 2030 – equivalent to 42% of

the reductions required to meet Aotearoa’s

carbon budget targets. This highlights the

opportunity for Spark to support our

business customers to respond to climate

change through our broad range of

technology solutions.

During the year we continued to advocate

for technology to be integrated into the

Government’s next Emissions Reduction

Plan, to ensure Aotearoa realises the full

potential digital technology can bring to

the climate challenge.

In partnership with NZTech, the Ministry

of Business, Innovation, and Employment,

and the Ministry for the Environment,

we supported the development of a

framework for New Zealand's first Climate

Technology Roadmap. Climate Technology

Roadmaps have been used in many

offshore markets to integrate technology

into national climate responses. The

Technology for Emissions Reduction report

is a first step towards developing such a

Roadmap for New Zealand and draws on

perspectives from hundreds of New

Zealand businesses to provide actionable

steps to integrate climate technology into

business practices.

Launching the Technology for Emissions Reduction report with Minister of Climate Change

Simon Watts and NZTech.

7. 2Mt

The annual emissions reduction digital

technologies can support by 2030.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

47

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Spark New Zealand commits to reduce
absolute scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions

56% by 2030 from a FY2020 base year.

Spark New Zealand commits that 70% of

its suppliers by spend covering purchased

goods and services and capital goods, will

have SBTi-aligned targets in place by 2026.

This means Spark is committed to pursuing

this target and we are working towards it.

For clarity, this is not a guarantee that we

will meet this target.

The Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi)

is established as the global standard for

corporate emissions reduction targets.

Over 5,000 organisations have set verified

emissions reduction targets since it

launched in 2015.

All SBTi targets must have a strict absolute

reduction target for scope 1 and 2

emissions and also include a separate

scope 3 target if these emissions are

greater than 40% of the total footprint.

SBTi targets are set against sector-specific

emissions trajectories. The ICT sector

pathways were developed with the

International Telecommunications Union

(ITU) based on projected growth and

efficiency gains.

The wording of SBTi targets are set and

verified by the Science Based Targets

initiative, and follow a common format

requiring companies to ‘commit’ to the

target that has been established. For Spark

this is as follows:

Spark’s SBTi-verified science-based emissions

reduction target

Spark’s SBTi-verified

science-based emissions reduction target

Direct emissions from sources

owned or controlled by Spark

SCOPE 1SCOPE 2SCOPE 3

Indirect emissions from

purchased electricity

Indirect emissions from other sources

in Spark’s value chain

Emissions from the Spark Group fleet, as well

as natural gas and diesel generators, which are

used as alternative energy sources for Spark’s

data centres and mobile and fixed networks, and

refrigerants (air conditioning and chillers), which

are used for cooling in data centres.

Electricity purchased for corporate

office, retail, data centres, mobile

network, and fixed network.

Purchased goods and services, capital goods, fuel- and energy-related activities

(not included in scope 1 or 2), transportation and distribution, waste generated

in operations, business travel, employee commuting, upstream leased assets

(emissions from the operation of assets leased by Spark that are not included in

scope 1 or scope 2), use of sold products, downstream leased assets (customer

on-charge for data centres), franchises, and investments.

SUPPLIERS

have SBTi-aligned

targets

70

%

Spark commits to reduce absolute scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions 56% by 2030 (from a FY20 base year), and that 70% of our

suppliers by spend covering purchased goods and services and capital goods, will have science-based targets in place by 2026.

REDUCTION

from a FY20 base year

56

%

Spark’s SBTi target covers our scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions sources

Spark climate-related

disclosures

Our climate-related disclosures

include climate risk reporting, which

has been prepared in compliance

with the Aotearoa New Zealand

Climate Standards (NZ CS 1, NZ CS 2

and NZ CS 3) issued by the External

Reporting Board (XRB). See page 90.

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Performance against our
scope 1 and 2 emissions

reduction target

In the past year we saw our emissions

increase, with our scope 1 and 2 emissions

up 26.7%. This means we are tracking

18.6% above the SBTi pathway required to

reach our 56% reduction target from FY20

to FY30.

The majority of this increase was driven by

our scope 1 emissions, which rose by

73.4%. This significant rise was primarily

due to a one-time event that led to higher

fugitive emissions. Without this event we

would be tracking 5.7% above our scope 1

and 2 SBTi pathway. See ‘Fugitive

emissions’ on page 52 where we explain

the reason for this increase.

We also saw increases in our scope 2

emissions due to higher electricity usage

and the higher emissions factor of the New

Zealand grid. Our scope 2 electricity use,

which powers our networks and

infrastructure, remains our largest overall

source of emissions related to our direct

operations, at 72.3% of our total scope 1

and 2 emissions. The emissions intensity of

the electricity we use is dependent on

whether it is generated renewably or from

fossil fuels, such as coal and gas. The mix of

sources determines our emissions factor

per unit of electricity.

Over the past year our scope 2 emissions

increased 14.8%, driven by a 2.6% increase

in electricity consumption and an 11.9%

increase in the grid emissions factor. See

‘Electricity consumption’ on page 50 for

more information.

Our scope 1 emissions associated with

fleet also increased slightly, up 6.6%

compared to FY23. This was due to more

diesel consumption as a result of additional

field service vehicles added to our Entelar

Group fleet. We saw a decrease in reported

stationary diesel combustion emissions

(measured through diesel purchase

records from the year) of 82 tonne of CO

2

e,

down 20.9% compared to FY23. This

reduction was due to having no major

diesel tank top-ups this year, in contrast to

FY23 where a significant volume of diesel

was purchased to fill tanks at our new data

centre facilities.

Greenhouse Gas Inventory

Report

We publish a standalone

Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report

alongside our Annual Report.

It includes detailed reporting on our

emissions and energy use. See

www.spark.co.nz/online/about/

sustainability/environment for more

information.

Spark Greenhouse Gas

Inventory Report 2024

INVENTORY

GREENHOUSE GAS

Reduction pathway

required to meet

FY30 target

FY24FY23FY22FY21FY20

Mobile combustion -

Vehicle fleet

Fugitive emissions   

Data Centre

Fixed Network

Mobile Network

Data Centre

Fixed Network

Mobile Network

Corporate/Retail

Natural gas combustion

Stationary combustion -

Diesel generators

GHG emissions (tCO

2

e)

Baseline year

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

49

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Electricity consumption
In the past year we have seen an increase in

electricity consumption across the Spark

Group, as we have continued to rollout our

5G network and invested to increase data

centre capacity. Overall electricity

consumption is up 2.6%, from 152.6 GWh

a


to 156.6 GWh.

The majority of the variance in our

emissions since setting our target against

our FY20 baseline has been in changes to

annual hydrological conditions impacting

hydroelectric generation. This saw a

significant increase in non-renewable

electricity generation on the New Zealand

grid in FY21. In FY22 and FY23 this trend

was reversed, with a cleaner electricity mix

and underlying reductions in energy use

delivering significant emissions reduction

over the previous two years.

In FY24 we saw this trend reverse again,

with a slight increase in the grid emissions

factor, which is up from 0.0696 kg/kWh

b

to

0.0779 kg/kWh, an 11.9% increase.

We expect our fixed network consumption

to continue to decrease over time, with our

data centres set to become our largest

energy users over the medium term. In

FY24, our electricity consumption

associated with data centres increased by

8.2%. Our investment in expanded

connectivity, network capacity, and data

centre capacity is important to support

innovation and enable emissions

reductions across all sectors of the

economy. However, we cannot pursue this

growth without also reducing our own

emissions against our SBTi target pathway.

Our strategy is to decouple our business

growth from emissions growth by working

in partnership with our energy partner to

utilise our electricity procurement to

support the development of new

renewable energy generation in

New Zealand. This creates additional

generation capacity to meet growing

demand and supports New Zealand’s

overarching climate goals. In May we

announced a renewable energy

partnership with Genesis Energy.

Long-term energy plan

A reliable and sustainable supply of energy

is essential to power Spark’s infrastructure

and to enable future growth. The

New Zealand energy system is facing a

number of challenges from the impacts of

climate change, the increased pressure put

on generation through electrification of

industrial processes, and the longer-term

transition to 100% renewable electricity

generation. Because of this, a focus on

efficient use of energy is important.

The largest user of electricity across the

Spark Group is our fixed networks, which

includes our exchanges and legacy copper

networks. We have a long-running

programme of network simplification,

including the decommissioning of legacy

equipment, such as the public switched

telephone network (PSTN), which has

driven year-on-year reductions in electricity

use across our business. Over the last year

our fixed network energy consumption

reduced 5.5%. We will continue to reduce

electricity consumption through a focus on

energy efficiency and removing old,

inefficient equipment.

FY24FY23FY22FY21FY20

Data centre

Fixed network

Mobile network

Corporate/Retail

Residual Supply Factor

c

  

GWh consumed

tCO

2

e/GWh

69.62

77.95

110.77

124.69

99.28

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

a. Gigawatt hours (GWh).

b. Kilowatt hour (kWh).

c. The Residual Supply Factor is the grid emission factor we use to calculate our market-based scope 2 emissions

to measure performance against our emissions target. It is the amount of CO

2

e per unit of electricity consumed.

“ Our strategy is to

decouple our

business growth

from emissions

growth by working

in partnership with

our energy partner

to utilise our

electricity

procurement to

support the

development of

new renewable

energy generation

in New Zealand. ”

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Renewable energy partnership with Genesis Energy
Through our existing energy supply

agreement, dating back to 2021,

Spark has been working with our

energy partner, Genesis Energy, on

opportunities to work together to

achieve Spark’s SBTi target. In May 2024

this culminated in the announcement

of a new renewable energy partnership

with Genesis.

Under a ten-year Power Purchase

Agreement (PPA), we will purchase all of

the electricity generated by Genesis’ first

solar farm in Lauriston Canterbury. The

63MW Lauriston solar farm is expected to

generate enough electricity to meet 60%

of our current annual requirements and

will make a significant contribution

towards our scope 1 and 2 emissions

reduction target.

The energy generated by the Lauriston

site will be zero-carbon and we will be

able to count this renewable energy

against our market-based scope 2

emissions target through the transfer of

Renewable Energy Certificates. These

certificates transfer the renewable

attributes of the energy to Spark and

enable transparent tracking and reporting.

In exploring renewable energy

partnership opportunities, it was

important to us to support investment in

new renewable energy – rather than

buying certificates for existing

renewables that were added to the grid

many years ago. It is only through the

addition of new renewable sources that

New Zealand’s grid will further

decarbonise and our country will reach its

long-term climate goals. Long-term

commercial commitments, delivered by

PPAs, support new renewable generation

to become operational faster by

providing projects with commercial

backing and increasing confidence to

invest in further developments.

Under the agreement, the remaining 40%

of our electricity needs will continue to

be sourced by Genesis from the grid as

occurs today. However, as we continue to

grow our energy use, and we look

beyond our FY30 emissions target to our

long-term transition to net-zero, we will

ultimately need to transition 100% of our

electricity consumption to new

renewable sources. The partnership with

Genesis includes a commitment to

explore additional renewable energy

opportunities, supporting Genesis to

achieve its target to have 95% renewable

generation by 2035.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

51

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Fugitive emissions
In FY24 we worked closely with our

refrigerant supplier to enhance our fugitive

emissions reporting. Beginning in Q3, we

now receive monthly refrigerant recharge

data. This improvement has allowed us to

transition from a screening method to a

more accurate measurement of refrigerant

recharges, enabling year-round monitoring.

Through this improved methodology, we

identified slow refrigerant leaks as the most

common source of fugitive emissions.

During the last quarter of the year, an

alarm triggered a fire suppressant gas

flood response at one of our exchange

sites. Due to the high global warming

potential of the gas released, this incident

resulted in emissions of 1,892 tonnes CO

2

e.

This contributed to a 311% increase in our

fugitive emissions compared to FY23.

In FY25 we plan to deploy IoT sensors

across relevant assets and investigate

low-carbon refrigerant alternatives to avoid

similar events occurring in the future.

Our fleet

In FY24, Spark’s fleet was responsible for

10.5% of our reported scope 1 and 2

emissions. Our FY24 fleet emissions were

up 6.6% on the previous year, due to

increased fuel use in the fleet of our

subsidiary Entelar Group. Entelar Group

provides services to all of New Zealand,

including network and fibre build and

maintenance. This work requires an

extensive tool-of-trade fleet that is partially

made up of diesel fuelled utes and vans. To

keep pace with business demands, Entelar

added 19 diesel vehicles to its field fleet in

FY24, while also looking for opportunities

to adopt more sustainable options,

including 26 new hybrids to support

non-field operations and the ongoing

removal of petrol vehicles.

We introduced our ‘Electric First’ policy for

the Spark corporate fleet in FY22, with all

vehicles due for renewal to be replaced by

an electric vehicle (EV). Over the past year

we have made great progress in

transitioning our Spark Corporate fleet to

EV. However, we continue to face

challenges across the Spark Group,

particularly in areas where low-carbon

alternatives for tool-of-trade vehicles are

limited. We also have roles that require

long-distance travel or involve areas with

insufficient fast charging infrastructure,

proving a barrier to the uptake of EV.

For those who have range and charging

issues, we have looked to extend the leases

on hybrid vehicles. Additionally, when a

low-carbon vehicle is no longer needed in

one part of the business, we reassign it to

another driver who is operating a less

efficient vehicle, improving the overall

efficiency of our fleet. We are continually

monitoring the New Zealand market for

new electric vehicle options, focussing on

models that offer extended range and

field-service capabilities.

Spark New Zealand fleet composition

Vehicle typeSparkSpark subsidiaries

EV80 (+39)4 (+2)

PHEV13 (-8)0 (-2)

Hybrid85 (-47)76 (+24)

Combustion engine3 (N/C)201 (+1)

Total181 (-16)281 (+25)

Bracketed figures represent the change from FY23.

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Our scope 3 emissions
Scope 3 emissions refer to the emissions

that are created across a company’s value

chain. For example, the emissions created

by the manufacturing of goods and delivery

of services used to run a business, or

through the use of the products and

services customers buy from that business.

At Spark this includes a wide variety of

sources, including the production of

purchased goods, transportation, business

travel, and the way our customers use our

products.

Performance against our scope 3

supplier engagement target

The percentage of our spend with

suppliers with SBTi-aligned targets in place

has increased to around 43%, up from 33%

last year. A number of our largest suppliers

by spend are our peers in the New Zealand

telecommunications sector. One of our key

local suppliers achieved SBTi verification of

their science-based target in the past year,

a second is finalising an SBTi-verified

target, and a third has committed to set a

target in the next two years. Across our

global supply chain approximately 21% of

our spend is with suppliers that have

publicly committed to setting targets within

the next two years.

As we have strengthened our ethical

supply chain processes we have

implemented a process to survey key

suppliers on an annual basis. This provides

an opportunity to gather more data on

supplier environmental governance,

compliance, and commitments, including

emissions reduction targets and alignment

and validation against SBTi methodology.

For global suppliers our membership of

the global industry group, the Joint Audit

Cooperation (JAC) initiative, provides a

platform to engage suppliers alongside

other telecommunications companies with

similar SBTi-verified supplier engagement

targets. For more information on our

approach to engaging suppliers on

sustainability and ESG matters, refer to our

Modern Slavery and Human Rights

Statement: www.spark.co.nz/online/about/

our-company/governance

Business travel

Flights and business travel are classed as

scope 3 emissions, so are not included in

our scope 1 and 2 SBTi emissions

reduction target. However, business travel

is a significant source of emissions that can

be easily influenced by our policies and

behaviour.

Following the post-Covid travel rebound

we saw in FY23, emissions associated with

business travel have reduced by 13% in

FY24, which is 35.4% below our FY20

baseline. We saw a decrease across all

business travel activities, and most notably

a 32.1% reduction in domestic air travel

emissions.

To contain growth in business travel we

have implemented a new sign-off process

for international travel. We have also built

quarterly travel data into our sustainability

dashboard to maintain greater oversight

and determine whether any further action

is required to manage business travel.

43%

The percentage of our spend with suppliers

with SBTi-aligned targets.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

53

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Reducing e-waste
Electronic waste is our most significant

waste impact. We produce a significant

volume of electronic waste across our direct

operations and indirectly through the

downstream impacts of customer

equipment at end-of-life. E-waste also

includes valuable and potentially hazardous

elements. It is therefore important for us to

focus on circularity in our e-waste

management, to enable materials to be

recycled and to reduce environmental harm

through improper disposal.

E-waste and network recycling

Spark has a long-standing programme to

manage end-of-life network equipment

and technology. Recovered equipment is

separated into different waste streams

– such as printed circuit boards, copper

cables, lead batteries, and all types of

metals. These materials are processed by

our local recycling partners and then some

components are sent overseas for

recycling, reselling, or reusing.

In FY24 we recovered a total of 450 tonnes

of e-waste, down from 559 tonnes in FY23.

Of this, 138 tonnes were network e-waste

(down 16 tonnes on FY23) and 312 tonnes

were metals, cables, and batteries (down

101 tonnes). The reduction in recovered

e-waste was the result of fewer PSTN

switches being decommissioned in FY24

compared to FY23, as well as a number of

smaller switches being removed compared

to previous years. We continue to improve

our recycling collections focussing on

education within Spark and working with

some of our larger customers to support

them to responsibly recycle their surplus

equipment.

Alongside the Spark Foundation, we also

support the Recycle A Device (RAD)

scheme through our subsidiary, Entelar

Group, to provide logistics support towards

the collection and refurbishment of used

laptops for students and others in the

community in need of a device. See page

60 for more information.

Mobile phone recycling and

trade-ins

In FY24 Spark received 16,425 mobile

devices for recycling and trade-in, up from

15,119 in FY23. This increase was due to a

rise in trade-in numbers. Trade-ins are

becoming more popular with our

customers, allowing them to unlock value

from their older devices. Most trade-in

devices we receive go on to be refurbished

and resold, extending their lifecycle and

keeping them in circulation. When we

receive devices that are unable to be

redeployed, we recover essential materials

and send them on to be reused in new

products.

Product stewardship scheme

development

Following the 2020 amendment to the

Waste Minimisation Act 2008, electrical and

electronic products have been designated

as Priority Products. This designation

mandates the implementation of product

stewardship schemes, ensuring

manufacturers, importers, and retailers take

responsibility for the entire lifecycle of

these products.

Spark is a member of the

Telecommunication Forum’s (TCF’s)

RE:MOBILE product stewardship scheme,

one of the first industry schemes voluntarily

accredited by the Ministry for the

Environment (MfE) under the provisions of

the 2008 Act. The RE:MOBILE scheme

takes unused mobile phones, and either

refurbishes and on-sells them in overseas

markets or recycles them to recover the

materials used. Profit from the scheme is

donated to the charity Sustainable

Coastlines.

The accreditation for RE:MOBILE lapsed in

April 2021 and TCF is now seeking

re-accreditation under the new provisions

in the 2020 Act. MfE continues to recognise

the scheme as TCF work through this

process. Spark is a part of the TCF Product

Stewardship working group contributing to

the review of RE:MOBILE and the re-

accreditation process.

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Our water usage
We practise water conservation across our

data centre portfolio, using it only when

necessary for maintaining humidity,

equipment upkeep, and the evaporative

cooling of outdoor chillers during hot

weather. At sites with closed-loop cooling

systems, water is recirculated, eliminating

the need for ongoing consumption.

Water is also a key consideration in the

design of our data centres. Our newest pod

at the Takanini data centre uses a free

air-cooling system, utilising the ambient

outdoor air to cool servers and equipment.

Our future data centres are being designed

to use similar air-cooled methods or closed

loop cooling systems to minimise reliance

on municipal water supply.

In FY25 we plan to introduce new

processes to measure our total water

consumption across all business

operations, including our data centres. We

will also implement IoT water metering

systems where we require further insights

into our consumption, to enable more

detailed reporting in the future.

Proposed design for Spark’s Takanini data centre expansion.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

55

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Creating value
for our

communities

Social + Human Capital

We work alongside New Zealand communities to

harness the power of technology to create a

positive digital future for all. Our products and

services help our communities to stay connected

and enable the provision of community services.

Beyond the direct impacts of our products, we

want to play a bigger role in building healthy,

connected, and equitable communities.

Connected and

empowered

communities

OUTCOMES

56

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Hello tomorrow

Creating value for our communities

Creating value for our communities

Championing digital
equity

At Spark our commitment to digital equity

starts with our purpose – to help all of

New Zealand win big in a digital world.

Digital equity starts with having access to

devices and a connection to the internet

but it doesn’t stop there. To close the digital

divide our communities need the skills to

use technology, trust in the digital world,

and the motivation to participate.

Spark’s investment into the

community

In FY24 we committed nearly $10 million in

free data and funding, as well as significant

internal resources, to achieve our digital

equity ambitions and contribute to our

communities.

In FY24 Spark donated nearly $2 million to

Spark Foundation, with $1.5 million

designated specifically for community

projects, and the remaining funding

operational costs.

Spark also funds the Spark Give and Spark

Volunteer programmes, which match

employee charitable donations (up to a

total pool of $250,000 per annual year) and

provides all Spark people with one day

leave a year to commit to volunteering.

Spark’s subsidised broadband service

Skinny Jump has been designed to operate

on a not-for-profit basis – with the revenue

generated covering the costs of the free

modems, community partner network,

product development, and customer care

and education. The commercial value of

the data provided to households in need

through Skinny Jump totalled over $7.7

million in FY24.

Zakir Ahmed, Waheed Ahmed and Amjad Mahmood after getting connected by Skinny

Jump and Red Cross.

New Kiwis get connected online through Skinny Jump

and New Zealand Red Cross

For many refugees who arrive in

New Zealand, getting connected to the

internet is vital for settling in a new

country, learning a new language, and

staying in touch with their families and

friends. However, they often face

barriers such as cost, language, and lack

of knowledge about local processes.

That's why Spark Foundation and Digital

Inclusion Alliance Aotearoa (DIAA) have

partnered with New Zealand Red Cross

to provide Awhi Matihiko, a digital

inclusion programme that supports

refugees to access and use the internet.

Awhi Matihiko offers Skinny Jump, a

low-cost wireless broadband service, as

well as digital skills training and support.

Zakir Ahmed, Waheed Ahmed, and

Amjad Mahmood are three refugees

from Pakistan who arrived in Masterton

in September 2023. They were assisted

by the Red Cross team to get set up with

Awhi Matihiko and connected the

modem in their home.

"When I arrived here, I was worried

about how we would contact our

families in Pakistan. Getting connected

through Skinny Jump allows us to stay in

contact with them and tell them what

our lives are like in New Zealand,"

Waheed says.

Amjad adds: "It helps us learn English,

and to prepare for the theory test for

our driver licences."

Zakir agrees: "Without internet many

things would be difficult, including

speaking to people here and to our

families. Having the internet is a plus

point for us."

Through Awhi Matihiko, Zakir, Waheed,

and Amjad are not only able to access

the internet but also to develop their

digital skills and confidence.

~

$10m

Spark's investment into digital equity in FY24.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

57

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Seniors Connect
In FY23, Spark held an event called

ALL IN, which brought our people

together to learn more about the

digital divide and to work together on

solutions. As part of the event, our

people brainstormed ways to tackle

digital equity, with close to 1,000 ideas

generated.

These ideas were filtered down to ten

concepts for Spark to explore, taking

into consideration the feasibility and

desirability of each idea. The idea that

was chosen as the first to pursue posed

the following question: “How might we

enable Spark people to use their

volunteer time to close the digital divide

for seniors in New Zealand?”

This complements the work of Skinny

Jump, which is focussed on cost as a

barrier to connectivity, and Spark

Foundation, which is focussed on

Māori and Pacific youth. And with an

ageing population here in Aotearoa,

supporting digital equity for our senior

New Zealanders is a logical area of focus

for Spark.

To explore this idea further, we

established a squad called ‘Seniors

Connect’, who kicked things off by

engaging with key community

organisations across the country, to

understand what problems seniors are

facing when it comes to using digital

technology, what services already exist

in the community, and what Spark can

do to meaningfully support seniors to

thrive in an increasingly digital world.

The Seniors Connect Squad is now

designing a service framework that will

equip our retail store teams to support

seniors effectively, while also connecting

our customers to broader digital equity

services across the community. We are

also exploring how our people can

utilise their volunteering days to support

this work.

Improving access and affordability

through Skinny Jump

Skinny Jump is Spark’s not-for-profit wireless

broadband service for people who find cost

a barrier to having an internet connection at

home. The service is entirely prepaid, so

there are no long-term contracts or credit

checks needed, and all it takes to get set up

is registering through a community partner

and plugging in the modem.

Jump is delivered by a dedicated squad of

Spark people alongside a community

partner network, which is overseen by

Digital Inclusion Alliance Aotearoa (DIAA)

and includes nearly 300 local organisations

nationwide, spanning community libraries

and community hubs amongst others.

There are now over 31,776 households

across the country who are actively using

Skinny Jump.

For wireless broadband an active

connection is defined as a customer having

used their modem in the last 30 days.

However, Skinny Jump customers are more

likely to have infrequent internet use as they

have to reprioritise their monthly spending

when budgets are tight. This is why for

Jump, we also measure customers who

have used their modem in the last 90 days,

and in FY24 this totalled more than 33,993

households.

Jump provides customers with 35GB of data

for just $5, with the first 15GB of data each

month free. Customers can purchase up to

six top-ups a month, which means Jump

customers can access 225GB of data for just

$30 a month.

In FY24 Skinny Jump continued its key

partnerships, including the ‘Ciena Jump for

Students Fund’, which gives eligible

students a free Skinny Jump connection

until the end of the school year. There are

now 1,160 students using the Ciena Jump

for Students Fund.

Skinny Jump also continued to support the

‘Awhi Matihiko: Red Cross Digital Settlement

Package’ – a collaboration with New Zealand

Red Cross, Internet NZ, and Digital Inclusion

Alliance Aotearoa that gives new refugees a

free Skinny Jump connection (for 12

months), a laptop, and digital skills training.

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Te Ao Matihiko receives
$1 million investment from

Spark Foundation

In December, Spark Foundation

announced a $1 million investment

over the next three years in Te Ao

Matihiko, the newly formed national

organisation for Māori in technology,

which launched in October.

Māori participation in the technology

sector remains low, with the latest

NZTech report ‘Digital Skills for

Tomorrow, Today’ indicating only 4.8%

of the sector identifies as Māori.

Te ao Matihiko has an ambitious vision

to change this, by becoming the

strategic backbone organisation for

Māori in technology. It will do this by

building a community of Māori in

technology and pathways into the

sector; raising visibility of Māori in the

sector; strengthening and safeguarding

Māori culture within digital spaces;

and advocating for policy and system

change.

The support provided by Spark

Foundation will allow Te Ao Matihiko to

establish its Board and governance

structures, create a longer-term 20-year

roadmap, build operational capacity,

and grow its membership base.

Spark Foundation investment

In FY24 Spark Foundation invested over

$2 million into organisations and projects that

accelerate digital equity. This includes funding

received from Spark, in addition to proceeds

from the sale of the Spark Foundation’s art

collection, which was completed in FY23.

Around 80% of project funding supports nine

multi-year partnerships, which span around

two to five years. The rest is allocated to

smaller, one-off grants.

During the year Spark Foundation

launched a partner wellbeing initiative,

Poipoia, in response to feedback from

partners about mental health challenges

their teams were experiencing.

As part of this initiative, Spark Foundation

provided partners with funding to support

wellbeing activities or resources for their

people, as well as access to the ‘Clearhead’

app through Spark’s own Mahi Tahi

wellbeing programme. Clearhead offers a

range of online tools in addition to six fully

funded therapy sessions a year, to support

mental health. Feedback from partners has

been extremely positive and Poipoia will be

continued in FY25.

Championing digital

equity through Spark

Foundation

Spark Foundation leads Spark’s work in the

community. The Foundation has a

single-minded focus on digital equity, and

its vision is that no New Zealander is left

behind in a digital world. It has focussed its

strategy on the areas it can make the

biggest difference – digital access, digital

skills and pathways, and digital wellbeing.

Spark Foundation allocates funding for

programmes through a strategic partnership

approach, working with organisations

whose objectives are aligned to improving

digital equity for Aotearoa. Most

partnerships focus on empowering and

equipping the next generation of digital

thinkers and creators, especially Māori and

youth, who are disproportionately impacted

by digital exclusion.

Last year, Spark Foundation refreshed its

strategic direction for the next three years,

recognising the significant progress

already made improving digital access

through Skinny Jump and programmes

such as Recycle A Device (RAD).

While the Foundation’s three focus areas

remain, over the coming years the focus on

building digital skills and pathways into

technology for Māori and Pasifika will be

upweighted. We believe that equitable

participation in our sector is the ultimate

expression of digital equity.

Members of the Spark Foundation team and Board met with Te Ao Matahiko representatives at Te Kuirau Marae.

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59

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Spark Foundation
partnerships in FY24

Digital access

Recycle A Device: Recycle A Device (RAD)

takes second-hand laptops donated by

businesses and households, teaches local

ākonga (students) to refurbish them, and

then gets them into the hands of those who

need them the most. The result is an

end-to-end process of device collection,

refurbishment, distribution, and disposal

that enhances digital equity at every level

– providing highly sought-after tools,

access, and skills to rangatahi (young

people) while also offering the added

environmental benefit of diverting e-waste

from landfill by giving these laptops a

second life. Once devices have been

refurbished, they are gifted to students

within the school community itself or to

other community organisations for

distribution to people in need.

As well as Spark Foundation funding, Spark

subsidiary Entelar Group partners with RAD

to provide logistics support. In the last year,

over 1,300 laptops were gifted to those in

need, and RAD also ran 28 one-day

workshops where over 420 rangatahi

learned the tech engineering skills needed

to repair laptops.

Porirua Access Connectivity and Education

(PACE): Following a community talanoa in

2020 organised by Spark’s Vaka Pasifika

team, a community initiative, PACE, formed

to specifically address the digital access,

connectivity, and education divide in

Porirua. In FY24, PACE ran a school-based

community Wi-Fi pilot at three schools,

which is now being rolled out to more

schools across Porirua. PACE has also

purchased devices that it is offering to

families under a cost sharing model, which

provides the option to split costs three ways

between PACE, the school, and the family.

Digital skills and pathways

Digital Natives Academy (DNA): DNA

has been a Spark Foundation partner

for nearly six years. A kaupapa Māori

organisation, DNA Charitable Trust was

established in 2014 to illuminate digital

pathways and to inspire young people

and their families to create, transform,

shape, and develop their own digital

tools. In April, 132 students came

together to design the marae of the

future for Te Ahi Orokohanga, a

Minecraft Build event. In collaboration

with Ngā Kura ā Iwi o Aotearoa, Local

Gecko Productions, and Te Papatipu

Matihiko Charitable Trust, DNA

provided a culturally safe, empowering

space for tamariki and rangatahi to

explore the digital world and hosted

and live-streamed the entire event in

Te Reo Māori.

Fibre Fale: Founded by two young Pacific

leaders, Julia Arnott-Neenee and Eteroa

Lafaele, Fibre Fale creates pathways for

Pacific people into the technology sector

through education, advocacy, and

facilitation. In FY24 Fibre Fale has focussed

on showing up in places where their

community is active, like social media. Here

they have shared educational, relatable, and

honest storytelling content. In June Nu’uali’

Eteroa Lafaete was awarded joint Hi-Tech

Young Achiever at the NZ Hi-Tech Awards.

P-Tech: A public education model designed

by educators and the technology sector to

address New Zealand’s science, technology,

engineering and mathematics (STEM) skills

gap. Participating schools collaborate with

private companies that provide students

with mentorships, worksite visits, and paid

internships. On completing the

programme, students will have both their

National Certificate of Educational

Achievement (NCEA) qualifications and a

New Zealand Diploma aligned to industry

needs. In addition, successful graduates

typically earn first-in-line consideration at

affiliated industry partners when applying

for jobs. In FY24 P-Tech recruited 120

students, bringing the total number of

students to 350 across all five year levels of

the programme.

Pūhoro STEMM Academy: A kaupapa

Māori initiative that aims to improve

representation of Māori in Science,

Technology, Engineering, Maths, and

Mātauranga. Working with schools,

Pūhoro supports iwi-affiliated rangatahi

Māori from NCEA level 1 through to

higher education, helping to guide

them into high-value careers. Spark

Foundation is a funder of the Hawke’s

Bay regional programme, which

supports eight schools.

In FY24, Spark Foundation supported

the aspirations of Pūhoro to double

down on digital technology skills by

providing further funding investment to

support the new Kaiarataki Matihiko,

digital tech lead role.

Spark Foundation partner hui 2024 at Ōrākei Marae.

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Hihiko Te Rawa Auahau: Delivered by
Toi Kai Rawa, the Bay of Plenty’s Māori

economic development agency, Hihiko

Te Rawa Auahau is focussed on

delivering customised innovation plans

to accelerate digital inclusion in the

wider Bay of Plenty region, specifically

tailored to the individual kura (schools)

and communities they are working with.

In FY24, Hihiko Te Rawa Auahau held

three Hihiko STEAM (science,

technology, engineering, arts and

maths) Innovation Days at Te Whare

Wānanga o Awanuiārangi campus in

Whakatāne. These events provided

opportunities for ākonga (students) to

interact with a range of innovators from

STEAM sectors across the region.

Take2: A programme that aims to break the

cycle of crime through technology, Take2

teaches incarcerated individuals to code,

enabling meaningful employment

opportunities once they are released.

Spark Foundation has supported Take2 for

four years, with FY24 marking the final year

of funding.

Digital wellbeing

Digital Discipline: A programme that offers

support to young people dealing with

social media addiction through education,

awareness, and strategies to balance the

online world with the real world. Digital

Discipline is currently focussed on South

and West Auckland communities with

further collaborations across the country.

Spark Foundation has funded Digital

Discipline for three years, with FY24

marking the final year of funding.

Other partnerships and funding

In addition to multi-year partnerships,

Spark Foundation also made smaller,

one-off grants to a range of digital equity

initiatives including The Light Project, Tāiki

E!, Māori Tech leaders wānanga, Aquabots,

Sticks ‘n Stones, and AI Sandbox.

SAGE Engineering club

SAGE Engineering Club is a group of five girls aged between 13-17 who qualified to

represent New Zealand at the International SeaPerch Competition (underwater

robotics) in May. The team participated in four different robotics and engineering

competitions throughout the year and placed second in the High School Division at

the New Zealand Aquabots Competition, which qualified them to represent New

Zealand internationally. SAGE Engineering Club was the only all-girls team to qualify.

SAGE Engineering Club needed $40,000 to make it to the international competition in

the USA. In line with its mission to support youth who are disproportionately impacted

by inequity to explore a future in technology, Spark Foundation contributed $5,000 to

SAGE Engineering Club’s Givealittle and rallied Spark people to donate. SAGE

Engineering Club made it to the USA and ranked 17th out of 75 high school teams in

the International SeaPerch Competition.

Connecting our people to

our communities

Spark encourages our people to give back

to the community through our Spark Give

and Spark Volunteer programmes.

Spark Give

Our payroll giving programme, Spark Give,

enables our people to donate to schools

and charities via their pay. Spark matches

donations towards our four key partners

through Spark Give dollar-for-dollar (up to

a cap of $250,000 per year).

Our people also have the option to donate to

their personal causes, and Spark continued to

match most registered charities (except

schools and religious organisations)

dollar-for-dollar (up to $500 per person per

year, up to a total of $50,000 per year).

In FY24 Spark Give donations included:

Employee Donations:$307,497

(FY23: $366,431)

Spark’s Matching: $47,622

(FY23: $59,239)

Number of employees

participating:

342

(FY23: 205)

Spark Volunteer

Spark employees can take one volunteer

day each year, for skills or mission-based

volunteering. Skill-based volunteering

means our people focus on opportunities

to use their specialised skills and talents to

assist not-for-profits. Mission-based

volunteering means volunteering with

organisations whose work aligns with digital

equity.

Some of the organisations that our people

volunteered for over the year include Pride,

Lifeline, Sustainable Coastlines, Summer of

Tech, Shadow Tech, Hatch, GirlBoss NZ,

P-Tech, Trees that Count, and Take2.

In FY24 volunteer leave days were as

follows:

Total staff eligible for

volunteering:

5,291

(FY23: 4,259)

Total employee

participation:

610 days by 633

people

(FY23: 462 days)

% of employee

participation:

12%

(FY23: 11%)


SAGE Engineering Club at the International SeaPerch Competition.

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61

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Creating value
for our people

Human + Intellectual Capital

Our success relies on our team of talented and

diverse people. A career at Spark offers

opportunities to learn, grow, and belong to a

business that encourages leading-edge learning

and development, holistic wellbeing support and

services, and the chance to be part of a high-

performing team that operates in an inclusive

agile environment, that can unlock innovation.

High performing,

engaged, and

inclusive teams

OUTCOMES

62

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Creating value for our people

Creating value for our people

67%
Spark people engagement in FY24.

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63

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Employee engagement

We measure the engagement of our

people using regular, confidential surveys

and pulse checks that provide us with a

comprehensive engagement assessment

that reflects employee motivation,

likelihood to remain with Spark, and how

likely our people are to recommend Spark

as an employer.

Feedback from these surveys is shared with

our people, with improvement actions then

co-created within teams to improve our

ways of working and culture. As a business,

this has led to a number of improvements

over the last year, such as changes to our

annual remuneration review, our Quarterly

Business Review (QBR) processes, and the

development of a new management

development programme.

Participation in our surveys has remained

strong, with 86% of our people taking part

in our final FY24 survey, which ensures we

have high quality and reliable insights to

take action on.

In this end of year survey, our people

engagement score was 67%, which is

above the New Zealand median for large

companies, but down 3% from a year ago.

While we had tracked as high as 71%

during FY24, our end of year survey was

conducted after we made a range of

changes across different teams, to align our

operating model to our new strategy, and

respond to challenging market conditions.

Understandably, these organisational

changes had an impact on how our people

were feeling in those areas of the business.

We remain focussed on our ambition to

achieve top decile engagement by FY26.

The survey also showed that 80% of our

people are proud to work for Spark and

84% feel comfortable bringing their whole

selves to work, which indicates our

inclusion initiatives continue to resonate

with our people, and we are an employer

who differentiates based on our culture

and employee engagement.

Te Awe Skills Hub team
and cohort.

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Innovation culture

A key pillar of SPK-26 is creating an

Innovation Culture that will fuel our future

growth ambitions and differentiate Spark

through top decile people engagement.

As part of this, we will continue to evolve

our ways of working, invest in strategic skill

development, attract, develop, and retain a

diverse pipeline of future talent and use

data and insights to co-create inclusive and

differentiated employee experiences.

Investing in strategic skill

development

Continuous learning and building skills and

capabilities that enable innovation is a core

focus of how we develop our people at

Spark. We want to enable personal growth

and adaptability, so our people are clear on

what our customers want and need, are

open to diverse ideas and perspectives,

can adapt at pace, and sustain high

performance.

We enable this through quality coaching,

leading-edge learning and development

programmes and with a deliberate focus

on progressing our own people through

new roles and learning experiences across

our organisation.

Spark Cloud Academy

In FY24, we teamed up with one of our

partners, AWS, to launch the Spark Cloud

Academy – to upskill our people working in

our cloud business and deepen their

knowledge and understanding of cloud

services and solutions. The cloud market is

a key focus area for Spark, and this training

offers our teams the opportunity to become

cloud experts and better support our

customers to find the best mix of different

cloud solutions that match their needs.

Establishing our new skilling

centre – Te Awe

As the pace of technological

advancement continues to accelerate,

it is critical to upskill, reskill, and

cross-skill our people to prepare for a

future of work that is ‘already here’.

Te Awe was created in response to

the surge in demand for skills in new

technologies, such as AI, data and

analytics, and cloud. It is a skills

acceleration programme within Spark

that is building the ‘hard to access’

specialist digital skills we need to

support our strategic ambitions.

‘Te Awe’ comes from the te reo Māori

word, ‘awe’ – which refers to the white

feathers of an albatross that are

traditionally used to adorn kākahu

(clothing), korowai (cloaks), and

makawe (hair). In te ao Māori, the

adornment of feathers symbolises

strength, power, and influence, and in

Pasifika cultures, feathers are also

used to adorn fine mats to enhance

value. So, the name Te Awe was

chosen as a nod to Spark’s

commitment to Te Tiriti and our

strategic ambition to increase Māori

and Pasifika participation at Spark by

5 percentage points by the end of

FY26.

During FY24 we kicked off our first

two programmes in data analytics &

visualisation and Generative AI, with

200 people progressing through this

training.

As a company with a long-standing

commitment to digital equity, we also

want to ensure that the skills shift we

are experiencing does not further

entrench existing inequities within our

sector and our society.

Our plan is to explore how we can

now work with key partners to

potentially open Te Awe up to

broader community interest, to

ensure we are intentionally growing a

more inclusive high-tech workforce

pipeline for the future.

“ For all of our leadership
programmes we aim to

meet our 40:40:20

gender commitments

in addition to ensuring

a diverse mix of people

are participating when

considering ethnicity,

business unit, role, and

stage in career.”

Spark Māori Development Lead Riki Hollings celebrating his Corporate Change Tōtara award at the Te Matihiko awards.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

65

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Leadership development

We continued to deliver our flagship Agile

Leaders Programme (ALP), which supports

our ambition to create an Innovation Culture

at Spark, underpinned by high performance

leadership skills and experiences. The

programme is a significant investment in our

key talent and runs over six months, with a

focus on building the environments for

people to thrive, innovate through design

thinking, use leadership empathy for

connection and belonging, and coach for

sustainable high performance.

In FY24, a total of 38 leaders participated

in the programme, with 67% of ALP

alumni having progressed to other roles

or expanded the scopes of their roles

within Spark.

In June we launched a new programme

called Leadership Essentials. This has been

designed to deliver consistent learning and

development that unlocks the potential

growth and movement of our leaders at the

layer below Spark’s Wider Leadership

Group. It is focussed on resetting our

standards for leadership across key

capability growth areas, in alignment with

our three-year strategy and both identifying

and further investing in the development of

top talent from this group. We are

redirecting some of our prior investment in

ALP to this important programme, to further

accelerate performance and results. Our

pilot cohort was launched in June 2024,

and we have a roadmap for delivering

further cohorts this calendar year, formed

from new and existing leaders across the

business who are committed to developing

their own and their team members’ skills

and learning. Our ambition is to ensure all

our middle-layer leaders attend the

programme over time.

For all of our leadership programmes we

aim to meet our 40:40:20 gender

commitments in addition to ensuring a

diverse mix of people are participating

when considering ethnicity, business unit,

role, and stage in career.

Compliance and mandatory

training

There is a requirement for all our

employees and contractors to complete

mandatory e-learning modules when they

commence working at Spark. These

learning modules ensure proficiency in

core foundational areas, such as health and

safety, legal, privacy, decision-making,

reporting, and security.

Completion of these modules is monitored

by people leaders and reported more

formally on a quarterly basis. We use

regular reporting to ensure there is ongoing

visibility of completion for all our people.

As part of our ISO27001 accreditation

there are additional modules required for

completion prior to gaining access to

systems and sensitive information, to

maintain high quality standards when

dealing with information, customer data,

and security. These are closely monitored

and audited to ensure compliance and the

necessary governance. We undertake

recertification every three years for ISO

27001, with the last certification issued in

July 2023. Further surveillance audits are

undertaken each year to ensure a high level

of compliance.

88%
of our people believe that their people leader

genuinely cares about their wellbeing.

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Our culture survey showed that 88% of our

people believe that their people leader

genuinely cares about their wellbeing and

78% of our people say that when they are

unwell, they take the time off they need to

recover.

Our people have also told us that anxiety is

an important issue, so we have continued

our partnership with Take a Breath – a

breathing app designed to reduce stress

and anxiety. Nearly half of our people have

used this app so far, noting it has helped

them to combat anxiety and improve their

sleep. 10% of our people have also gifted

the app to their friends and whānau.

A foundation of our Mahi Tahi programme

are our Mahi Tahi coaches, with 20

additional coaches trained in FY24,

bringing our total to 40 internally

accredited wellbeing peer coaches. Our

coaches, who are trained and supervised

by our qualified psychologists, act as

first-line support to our people when

they’re working day to day. This includes

supporting leaders, teams, or individuals to

help them with their energy, focus, or

finding ways to seek different support

options. In FY24, our Mahi Tahi coaches

completed over 215 coaching sessions

with Spark people.

In November 2023, Spark was awarded the

‘New Horizon’ award for an innovative

approach to wellbeing, at the Southern

Cross Wayfinder Awards, which celebrate

leadership in workplace wellbeing.

Health, safety, and

wellbeing

Mahi Tahi – wellbeing

Wellbeing continues to remain a clear

priority and focus at Spark, with Mahi Tahi,

Spark’s wellbeing programme, being a key

component of our ways of working and

Health, Safety, and Wellbeing system.

Mahi Tahi works in partnership with our

people to support their goals at work and

in life. The four pillars of the Mahi Tahi

framework are closely aligned with

Te Whare Tapa Wha (the four cornerstones

of Māori health):

1. Healthy work environment – providing

our people with a place to work that

looks after more than just physical safety

but also mental and social wellbeing

2. Connection, collaboration, and

community – ensuring we have

meaningful activities in place so our

people can foster strong connections

with those they work with and

care about

3. Mind health – supporting strong mental

health capacity and confidence and

fostering a growth mindset

4. Energy – building a culture where we

help our people keep their batteries

charged, so they can perform at

their best

As part of our Mahi Tahi offering, we have

an online Wellbeing Hub that includes

opportunities for our people to book

sessions with our Spark-certified Mahi Tahi

coaches, access support through our

employee assistance provider (EAP), or

book a one-on-one appointment with one

of our qualified psychologists, who we

have partnered with directly to provide

specialist care to our people in critical

need. To really integrate Mahi Tahi into our

core business practices, our People and

Culture partners work closely with our

senior leaders to incorporate wellbeing

objectives and KPIs into their quarterly

planning.

During FY24 we launched a new

partnership with Clearhead to facilitate our

EAP services and offering. Clearhead is an

app-based assistance service that gives our

people access to knowledge and tools to

support them with their mental wellbeing,

as well as the ability to book six fully funded

therapy sessions annually with trained

psychologists and counsellors. This new

partnership was a result of feedback from

our people who told us that although our

previous EAP was useful, many of our

people were experiencing long wait times

for professional help. Over 1,500 (28%) of

our people have registered to use the

service in the last year.

Entelar Group
1

team members completing an on site installation.

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67

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Health, Safety, and Wellbeing

System at Spark

Spark has a well-established health and

safety management system, focussed on

continuous improvement. Our Health,

Safety, and Wellbeing Strategy is built

around four pillars:

• Strategy and framework – a strong

health and safety management

framework providing a platform for

success

• Hazard and risk management

– proactive ‘owners’ approach to health

and safety and the management of

critical hazards and associated risks

• Leadership and ownership – a culture

of empowerment at every level

• Resources and supporting activity – a

commitment by the business to

ensuring the resources and capabilities

are in place to deliver the health and

safety strategy

Our system covers all of Sparks workers

(employees and contractors) and

workplaces, and aligns to the requirements

of the health and safety at work act (2015)

and other legal and regulatory

requirements. During FY24 no Spark

employee or contractor suffered serious

injury or death over the year. Our TRIFR

(Total Recordable Incident Frequency Rate)

increased to 3.5 primarily due to an

increase in the number of recordable soft

tissue injuries. No notifiable events were

reported under current New Zealand

health and safety legislation, and Spark

received no health and safety prosecutions

or notices issued by WorkSafe.

Based on the experiences of the last few

years, our planning and response activities

now incorporate lessons from the

pandemic and the impact severe weather

events had on our people and places

across New Zealand. We are always looking

for continuous improvement in our

practices based on what is happening in

society and organisational environments.

We continue to follow a risk-based

approach for our activities and work

collaboratively across the business to

ensure we have the right response and

resources in place to support emergency

preparedness.

In FY24 we continued to work with our

Wider Leadership Group to foster health

and safety employee empowerment and

participation as part of our Tribe, Unit, and

Centre of Excellence (CoE) meetings and

routine events. We continued our work with

our wholly owned subsidiaries to identify

the areas of greatest priority to support the

development, application, and monitoring

of a health and safety continuous

improvement framework.

1. Entelar Group provides services such as fibre and mobile builds, service and field delivery, integrated supply chain, IT

distribution and mobile repair, testing and service capabilities for Spark and other customers, including Connexa.

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Diversity, equity, and

inclusion

Our commitment to diversity, equity, and

inclusion is embedded into our day-to-day

activities, standards, and business practices.

It is a strategic business priority and key

enabler of our performance and culture.

Our focus on diversity, equity, and

inclusion, including our Blue Heart

kaupapa, has helped us create an

environment where our people feel

comfortable bringing their whole selves to

work, regardless of gender, ethnicity,

orientation, age, experience,

neurodivergence, or ability.

Spark’s Blue Heart kaupapa

in action

Our Blue Heart kaupapa sets the standards

of behaviour, alongside our values, to foster

a culture of connection and belonging. It is

a visible icon of our heart-led approach to

diversity and inclusion.

Blue Heart cultural celebrations and events

remain an important part of bringing our

people together and in FY24 we

celebrated key moments, such as

International Women’s Day, Lunar New

Year, Diwali, and Matariki events at our

offices throughout the country.

During FY24, we also held our very first

‘bring your Tamariki to work day’ at Spark

City in Auckland, where our people were

invited to bring their children to work to

experience a range of fun activities and

digital experiences.

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Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Te Korowai Tupu

Our Māori strategy, Te Korowai Tupu

(the cloak of growth), is a pillar of our

SPK-26 strategy and applies a tangata

whenua worldview across our

strategies, actions, and values within

Kora Aotearoa, also known as Spark

New Zealand. Our kaiārahi (Māori

ambassadors) provide guidance and

support to ensure a kaupapa Māori-led

delivery of the strategy throughout the

business.

In FY24, we continued to embed both

te reo Māori and tikanga Māori into our

everyday practices to achieve a better

understanding of our indigenous

culture. This included te reo lessons

(for beginners and intermediate levels)

with either online or classroom options,

tikanga learning and development

programmes for leaders, and Te Tiriti

o Waitangi workshops. Our cultural

intelligence Māori app Tuia te Ao

provides a tool for our people to use

to kick-start their learning journey, and

includes important aspects of te reo

Māori me ōna tikanga. In the last year

over 300 of our people chose to

participate in one of the options

available.

Key partnerships continue to enable us

to deliver on our Te Korowai Tupu

aspirations, including Te Wānanga

o Aotearoa, Whāriki, Kiwa Digital,

Education Perfect, and Te Pūtahitanga

o te Waipounamu.

In June, we also celebrated Matariki

across our corporate offices, with a

range of activities, including

performances, demonstrations, and lots

of kai (food).

Vaka Pasifika

Vaka Pasifika is Spark’s Pacific Canoe – a

community of the 5% of Spark people who

identify as Pasifika, formed in 2017 with a

mission to empower, grow, and build the

capability of Pasifika peoples at Spark.

During FY24 the Vaka Pasifika group

continued to promote its strategy ‘Folauga

mo Taeao – A Journey to Tomorrow’, to the

business through engagement with senior

leaders and people leaders.

The strategy sets out three key pillars over

the next horizon to grow and support

Pasifika aspirations at Spark, including

growing the capability and leadership skills

of the Vaka Pasifika team, growing Spark’s

cultural knowledge, and enabling Spark to

become an industry champion for Pasifika.

Pride

Spark has been a long-time supporter of

the rainbow community. In FY24 we

celebrated Pride at Spark by launching a

Blue Heart Pride pin (that was designed by

one of our people) for our people to

purchase, with proceeds from the sales

donated to OutLine Aotearoa. We also held

Pride celebrations across our offices around

the country, including Drag Bingo events in

Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch.

After consultation with Spark’s Rainbow

Committee during FY24, we want to

upweight our focus on internal initiatives in

FY25, to find more ways to support our

rainbow community to feel a sense of

belonging at Spark. With that ambition in

mind, in June we launched our ‘Allyship at

Spark’ programme – inviting our people to

make a pledge to become an ally of the

LGBTQIA+ community and help us foster

a more inclusive environment at Spark.

Everyone who makes the pledge receives a

special Spark rainbow lanyard as a visual

symbol of support for our rainbow

community.

Over the last year, we have also continued

to rollout our new email signatures, which

enable our people to display their

preferred pronouns.

These initiatives, led by our Spark Pride

Committee, aim to recognise, nurture, and

enhance belonging and connection

throughout Spark for our LGBTQIA+

community.

Our diversity performance
We believe in the idea that what gets

measured matters and gets done. We take

a data and insight-led approach to

improving and delivering our diversity and

inclusion practices and ambitions. Having a

greater understanding of who we are will

allow us to create experiences and provide

support that is tailored to the diverse needs

of our people.

Improving female representation

Over the past year we have continued to

focus on improving female representation

across the Group and achieving our

ambition of 40:40:20 representation

Spark-wide, which refers to 40% men, 40%

women, and 20% of any gender (as well as

gender diverse representatives).

We have not been able to achieve this

ambition at a Group-wide level in FY24,

with female representation remaining flat at

34%. Within the core Spark business, female

representation is higher at 37%, while in our

wholly owned subsidiaries (CCL, MATTR,

Digital Island, and Entelar Group)

representation is significantly lower at 22%.

This is reflective of what is an industry-wide

challenge, particularly within some of our

subsidiaries’ sectors, and requires long

term focus and action to continue to

challenge the status quo and create

change. We continue to work actively

alongside our industry peers, external

technology institutions, and other thought

leaders to create meaningful opportunities

for a New Zealand-wide pipeline of women

in technology careers.

We remain committed to our 40:40:20

target as part of our SPK-26 strategy and

will continue to report progress on this

annually to our stakeholders and through

our membership of Champions for Change.

Our People & Culture Partners continued to

support our senior leaders across the

business by providing resources, standards

and guidelines, and data insights that help

them to hire talented candidates with

diversity in mind and track their progress

against their goals and our Spark-wide

ambitions. Each area has an action plan to

achieve its representation goals in addition

to maintaining recruitment standards such

as 40:40:20 shortlists.

Within our Leadership Squad and Wider

Leadership Group (senior roles outside

Board and Leadership Squad), we

maintained 40:40:20 representation, which

is fundamental to reaching our broader

diversity ambitions.

Our Board is 63% female and 37% male,

with five female directors (including our

CEO) and three male directors. One new

female Director joined our Board in May,

and one male Director retired at the Annual

General Meeting in November.

For FY24, our Leadership Squad was 55%

female and 45% male. At the end of FY24

one female leader resigned from our

Leadership Squad, taking the female-to-

male ratio to a 50% female and 50% male

split for FY25.

Reducing our gender pay gap

Our ambition is to reduce our median

gender pay gap by 10 percentage points

from FY21 to 18% by the end of FY25. Our

median gender pay gap for FY24 is

unchanged from FY23 at 22%, but we did

see improvement in our mean (average)

gender pay gap from 13% to 12%.

Achieving our pay gap ambitions is closely

linked to our approach to improving

female representation and progression in

specialist skilled areas and roles, as

outlined above.

Our Diversity and Inclusion Policy sets out

our framework in this area:

www.spark.co.nz/online/about/our-

company/governance

Gender pay ratio

CategoryNumber of employees

in category

Pay ratio:

mean

1

Pay ratio:

median

2

Leadership: Spark’s wider

leadership group, including the

Leadership Squad

FY24: 83 (46 Male, 37

Female)

FY23: 77 (44 Male, 33

Female)

FY24: -1%

FY23: -4%

FY24: 19%

FY23: 9%

Technology: employees who work

in technology-focussed areas of

the business

FY24: 2,728 (2081 Male,

647 Female)

FY23: 2,717 (2101 Male,

604 Female)

FY24: 12%

FY23: 12%

FY24: 20%

FY23: 23%

Customer Channels: people

primarily employed within our

contact centres and retail

operations

FY24: 820 (418 Male, 402

Female)

FY23: 892 (446 Male, 441

Female)

FY24: 0%

FY23: 1%

FY24: 0%

FY23: 0%

Rest of Spark: including corporate,

product, marketing, and customer

units

FY24: 1,582 (890 Male,

692 Female)

FY23: 1,746 (987 Male,

751 Female)

FY24: 16%

FY23: 17%

FY24: 17%

FY23: 23%

Total5,291FY24: 12%

FY23: 13%

FY24: 22%

FY23: 22%

1. Pay Ratio = (mean male salary – mean female salary)/mean male salary

2. Pay Ratio = (median male salary – median female salary)/median male salary

Calculated using hourly On Target Earnings or Total Base Remuneration plus Short-Term Incentive Target values

as at 30 June 2024. Our previous reports presented negative pay gap values where median or mean earnings

for women were less than those for men – we have aligned with other reporting practices so that a negative

gap means women earn more.

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Gender
1

Age

Number of

people

Female %Male %Female #Male #Other/

gender not

disclosed

6

Under 30

years old

30 – 50

years old

Over 50

years old

Directors863%37%FY24: 5FY24: 30%14%86%

0+13%-13%FY23: 4FY23: 4no change+14%-14%

Leadership

Squad

2

11

3

55%45%FY24: 6FY24: 50%55%45%

+2-1%+1%FY23: 5FY23: 4no change-1%+1%

Other

leadership

roles

4

7243%57%FY24: 31FY24: 412%58 %40%

+4+2%-2%FY23: 28FY23: 40+1% -11%+11%

Permanent

starters

84439%59%FY24: 330FY24: 49733%56%11%

-430-2%no changeFY23: 518FY23: 749-2%+4%-1%

Permanent

leavers

97538%60%FY24: 369FY24: 58328%53%18%

-169no changeno changeFY23: 434FY23: 687-2%-3%+5%

Total

5

5,29834%66%FY24: 1,778

FY23: 1,832

FY24: 3,435

FY23: 3,582

FY24: 16

FY23: 10

17%57%26%

-1410%0%-2%+1%+2%

1. For the purposes of NZX Listing Rule 3.8.1(c) no directors or members of the Leadership Squad self-identify as gender diverse.

2. Includes the CEO who is also included as a Director in the line above.

3. The Leadership Squad was 10 people as at 1 July 2024 with Tessa Tierney leaving Spark on 30 June 2024. The Leadership Squad is considered ‘senior managers’ for

the purposes of the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013 and ’senior executives’ for the purposes of the ASX Corporate Governance Council’s Principles and

Recommendations.

4. Substantive roles that report directly to members of the Leadership Squad.

5. Includes non-executive directors. Spark’s employee headcount, including our CEO, is reported as 5,291.

6. Gender diverse totals only reported in total figures. There are an additional 61 people have not provided/prefer not to disclose their gender.

Employee types TotalAuckland Wellington ChristchurchOther region

Contract typeFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleOther / Gender

not disclosed

Total

Permanent

full time

1,5343,2808281,759231613263482212426704,884

Permanent

part time

22713662492418642177486369

Temporary

full time

1417411243052233

Temporary

part time

322100100105

Casual (non-

guaranteed hours)

7300116200020

Total1,7853,4388961,820258636337505294477785,311

Based on headcount. Casual contracts include any individuals on a non-guaranteed hours basis that were active as at 30 June 2024 and had received remuneration

for hours worked in FY24.

Demographics of our workforce

Including permanent and fixed-term employees of Spark and its directors, as of 30 June 2024.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

71

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Improving ethnic representation
across Spark

Diversity does not start and end with

gender and we have increased our focus

on ethnic diversity over the last few years.

We achieved our ambition to capture the

ethnicity data of 80% of our core Spark

employees last year from a baseline of

19%. This year we focussed on capturing

this data for our wider group, including

Entelar, CCL, and MATTR. We were pleased

to achieve a Group-wide figure of 78% by

the end of FY24, with only Digital Island

now excluded from this data set.

As at 30 June 2024, the available data on

our people shows that 46% come from

New Zealand European or European ethnic

backgrounds; 36% report a diverse range

of Asian ethnicities, with the largest groups

being Indian (15% overall), Southeast Asian

(8%), and Chinese (7%); 4% of our people

are Māori; and 5% report Pacific ethnicities,

most commonly Samoan (2%). A higher

proportion of people from New Zealand

European or European ethnicities are in

leadership roles at Spark (including the

Leadership Squad and Wider Leadership

Group) at 79%, down slightly from 84%

in FY23.

In FY24 we have continued our focus on

attracting, retaining, and progressing a

diverse range of people across our

organisation, as well as sustaining an

inclusive culture. As part of SPK-26 we have

an ambition to lift Māori and Pasifika

representation by a combined 5

percentage points by FY26. In FY24 we

have held flat, with Māori and Pasifika

representing 9% of our workforce. This

remains a continued focus in the years

ahead, and through our new internal

skilling centre, Te Awe, and existing

partnerships we plan to engage a diverse

pipeline of future talent to be upskilled and

reskilled for roles within Spark or the

technology sector more broadly.

0102030405060708090100

Rest of Spark

Wider

Leadership

Group

Leadership

Squad

Board

Total

NZ European/

European

Asian

Pacific peoples

Middle East,

Latin America

and Africa

Māori

Other

Percentages based on permanent and fixed-term employees at Spark; employees as of 30 June 2024 who had provided ethnicity data (n=4015). NZ European/European

includes all European ethnicities (e.g. British, German) and Australian European. Excludes employees in Digital Island. Spark collects information on main and other

ethnicity where an individual identifies with more than one ethnicity. Consistent with the Champions for Change methodology, where an individual reports more than one

ethnicity these are represented equally (e.g. two ethnicities represented as 0.5 each).

84%

The percentage of Spark people sharing

their ethnicity data with us.

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Creating value for our people

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Parental leave
Spark provides a parental leave policy for

eligible employees, regardless of gender,

sexuality, age or whether the employee is

giving birth or adopting a child.

As part of our parental offering,

Whakapuāwai, Spark tops-up the

Government’s parental leave contributions

so that primary carers receive 100% of their

normal salary for 26 weeks, with continued

employer KiwiSaver contributions of 3%

during their parental leave period.

Secondary carers also receive four weeks’

paid leave (increased from two), so they can

be present to support their partner and

whānau during those pivotal first few weeks

of their baby’s life.

The package also includes a phased

return to work policy for primary carers,

who can work 80% of their regular hours

on 100% salary for the first three months

of their return.

Eligibility for Parental Leave is in

accordance with government legislation.

In FY24 we had 139 employees take

parental leave, with 88% of parents due

to return to work in FY24 coming back and

62% of returners in FY23 remaining with

us for 12 months or more, up from 56%

in FY23.

FY23 parental leave numbersFemaleMale

1

Employees who took parental leave1363

Employees who returned to work after taking parental leave751

Employees who returned to work after taking parental leave who remain

employed 12 months after their return to work

381

Return to work rate

2

88%100%

Retention rate

3

62%100%

1. Males who took fewer than 30 days paternity leave have been excluded

2. Return to work rate = total number of employees who returned to work after parental leave, divided by the

total number of employees due to return to work after taking parental leave

3. Retention rate = total number of employees retained 12 months after returning to work following a period

of parental leave, divided by the total number of employees returning from parental leave in the prior

reporting period.


“ Spark provides a

parental leave

policy for eligible

employees,

regardless of

gender, sexuality,

age or whether

the employee is

giving birth or

adopting a child.”

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

73

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Alison Barrass
Chair of the HRCC

Hello tomorrow74

Remuneration report

Remuneration report

A note from Alison Barrass, Chair of the HRCC

Tēnā koutou,

As the Chair of the Human Resources and Compensation Committee (HRCC), I am pleased to

present Spark’s Remuneration Report for FY24.

This year we have consolidated relevant annual report information into a single remuneration

report, which outlines our commitment to transparent and equitable remuneration practices

that align with our strategic objectives and foster a high-performance culture.

Throughout the year, the HRCC has reviewed and refined our remuneration framework and

practices to ensure they remain competitive and fair, supporting the attraction, retention,

and motivation of our talented workforce. Our approach is underpinned by robust

governance and benchmarking against industry standards, ensuring that our policies

reflect both market conditions and the long-term interests of our shareholders.

At Spark, we seek to remunerate our people with competitive salaries, so we can recruit

and retain the best talent. In keeping with our focus on customer experience, we incorporate

customer satisfaction measures alongside EBITDAI and key strategic initiatives into our

short- term incentive (STI) measures each year.

Key highlights of our remuneration activities this year include:

• A focus on fair pay: as part of our FY24 Salary Review we ensured that we delivered

higher than inflation adjustments to our lowest paid employees taking into consideration

benchmarks such as the voluntary Living Wage standard, and that individuals earning less

than $100,000 were a focus at this time, due to inflationary pressures in the market.

• A rejuvenated Spark Share approach: we endorsed a new partnership with Sharesies

which delivered our largest employee Share Scheme participation since inception, with

1,200 participants and nearly 1,000,000 shares issued.

• Inclusion of ESG measures in incentives: we included environmental and diversity goals

in our long-term incentive (LTI) for the second year running in FY24, and will see these

continue in the FY25 LTI grant. I am proud that Spark is one of the first companies in

New Zealand to link its LTI to its sustainability ambitions.

Looking ahead, the HRCC will continue to evaluate and enhance our remuneration

practices, ensuring they remain fit for purpose in a dynamic and challenging business and

talent environment. We are committed to maintaining a remuneration framework that not

only rewards individual and collective success but also upholds our values and drives

sustainable growth.

I would like to extend my gratitude to all our employees for their dedication and

contributions over the past year. Together, we will continue to build a thriving and inclusive

workplace where everyone can achieve their best.

Thank you for your continued support.

Ngā mihi nui,


Alison Barrass

Remuneration report

Spark remunerates our people with salaries
in line with the market, alongside

consideration of performance, scope, skills,

and experience, to recruit and retain the

best talent.

We have an annual salary review process

for all eligible permanent employees.

For most employees this is based on our

Contribution Model, which considers

employee development in their ‘craft’, as

well as the application of people skills,

customer focus, and commercial acumen.

The aim is to ensure progression is

transparent, with a five-step career ladder

from beginner to expert and clearly

defined competencies to progress against.

Salary ranges for steps are benchmarked

against the New Zealand market.

In February 2024, the Board approved a

salary review allocation for FY25 (salaries

from 1 July 2024), which was based on

our Contribution Models with additional

allocations, including higher increases for

our lowest paid employees, taking into

consideration factors such as inflation and

the (voluntary) Living Wage benchmark.

As part of this process, we also reviewed

some salary ranges to ensure that they

were competitive against the market.

Fixed remuneration

All Spark employee packages include a

fixed remuneration component that is set

based on contribution, experience, and

market relativities. Fixed remuneration

consists of base salary. KiwiSaver sits

outside fixed remuneration and as such,

employees with KiwiSaver receive employer

contributions on top of base salary and

cash incentives. A number of Spark-funded

benefits, including medical and life

insurances, are also available to eligible

employees on top of fixed remuneration.

Short-term incentive schemes

Spark operates a small number of short-term incentive schemes, from monthly and quarterly

commission and sales incentive plans to annual cash-based short-term incentives. Some

employees in specific sales positions may have a component of their remuneration subject to

individual or divisional sales performance targets, such that their total remuneration potential

is directly linked to the acquisition and retention of profitable business for Spark.

For senior leaders, including the Leadership Squad, a component of their remuneration

package is at risk in the form of a discretionary annual cash-based Short-Term Incentive (STI).

Spark’s STI scheme rewards senior leaders for the achievement of annual performance

objectives, with payments awarded from a fixed cash pool that is set based on overall Spark

performance against financial and/or non-financial annual performance objectives. The actual

payment to individuals is at the sole discretion of Spark and takes into account contributing

factors such as performance and the performance of individual parts of the business.

Eligibility to participate in the STI scheme on an annual basis is at the discretion of the

company and is targeted at individuals in senior roles who play a significant role in driving

the overall performance of Spark.

The STI scheme rules contain a clawback provision that allows Spark to clawback any

payments made under the STI scheme, for a period of 12 months following the payment.

FY24 short-term incentive scheme outcomes

For FY24, substantively all STI participants shared the same Spark Group targets comprising

of EBITDAI, customer experience measures, as well as additional measures based on our

three-year strategy. The on-target percentages are provided in the table below. Where the

result of a performance metric falls below a specified threshold, there is no payment for that

proportion of the STI. Where results exceed the target, the payment can scale to up to twice

the target percentage with a maximum overall payment of 200%.

The FY24 Group performance outcome, as approved by the Board, is summarised in the

table below.

Performance metric%TargetOutcomeResult

Group EBITDAI50%$1,245m0%Did not meet threshold

Customer experience – iNPS

and digital journey

completion rate (JCR)

25%+37 (iNPS)

55% (JCR)

28%Exceeded target (iNPS)

Achieved threshold (JCR)

High tech revenue (MATTR,

Qrious, IoT, Spark Health)

25%$196m0%Did not meet threshold

Total payment100%0%No payment through STI

scheme as EBITDAI

threshold was not met

As the EBITDAI threshold was not met for FY24, no payments were approved for Spark STI

this year.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

75

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Leadership and Board remuneration

Remuneration at Spark

Long-term incentive schemes
Spark believes that some senior leaders should have part of their remuneration linked to the

long-term performance of the Company, so for the Leadership Squad and a select group of

senior leaders, a long-term incentive forms part of their remuneration package. Spark’s

long-term incentive targets focus on total shareholder return as well as environment and social

governance targets. In FY24, Spark operated one main scheme: the Spark New Zealand Long

Term Incentive Scheme.

FY21 long-term incentive outcome

The FY21 long-term grant, issued in 2020, did not vest in FY24 (2023) as the absolute Total

Shareholder Return hurdle was not achieved.

Grant

year

SecuritiesPerformance

period

Performance measureVesting outcome

FY21OptionsSeptember 2020

– September 2023

Absolute Total

Shareholder Return (TSR),

hurdle – Spark’s annual

cost of equity + 1%

compounding

100% - 3 year TSR

result was 20.35%

compared with a

31.60% target

FY24 long-term incentive scheme performance measures

For FY24 members of the Leadership Squad (including the CEO) and selected senior leaders

were granted options under the Spark Long-Term Incentive Scheme (LTI). Under the scheme,

participants were granted options at the start of the three-year vesting period. The number of

options granted equalled the gross LTI value divided by the volume weighted average price

of Spark New Zealand shares for the 20 days prior to the grant date. Subject to satisfaction of

each performance hurdle and continued employment, at vesting the portion of options

associated with each achieved target convert to Spark shares based on a zero exercise price.

Where a target is not met the associated portion of options simply lapse.

Vesting of the FY24 LTI grant (September 2023) is contingent on participants’ continued

employment with Spark through to September 2026 with vesting depending on meeting or

exceeding set performance measures. 75% of the allocated shares will vest based on aTSR

exceeding cost of equity +1.5% (compounding annually) over the vesting period and 25% will

vest based on performance against environmental and diversity targets. aTSR is a measure

of share price appreciation and dividends paid over the three-year period of the grant.

MeasureTargetWeighting

Absolute Total

Shareholder Return

Cost of equity + 1.5% compounding75%

Scope 1-3

Emissions

Reduce absolute scope 1 and scope 2 GHG emissions

by at least 33.6% against baseline GHG performance.

Scope 3 - at least 70% of suppliers by spend have

established supplier science-based targets.

12.5%

Gender pay gap

(median)

Reducing gender pay gap by six percentage points

to 16%

12.5%

FY25 long-term incentive scheme

For FY25, members of the Leadership Squad, including the CEO, and selected senior

leaders will be granted options under a similar scheme as FY24 with performance measures

relating to Spark’s ESG performance alongside an absolute Total Shareholder Return (aTSR)

performance hurdle.

FY25 short-term incentive

scheme target

The mechanics of the FY25 STI will be the

same as those for FY24. Group results will

be the main determinate of the STI pool,

with substantively all participants sharing

the same Group measures. The FY25

Group measures will be a combination of

EBITDAI, customer experience, and our

three-year strategy.

MeasureWeighting

EBITDAI50%

Customer experience

(iNPS and digital)

30%

Digital infrastructure20%

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Employee remuneration
The table below shows the number of employees and former employees, not being directors of Spark, who, in their capacity as employees,

received remuneration and other benefits during FY24 totalling NZ$100,000 or more

1

.

RangeCurrentFormerTotalRangeCurrentFormerTotal

$100,000 – $110,00030322325$350,001 – $360,000202

$110,001 – $120,00030735342$360,001 – $370,000303

$120,001 – $130,00030316319$370,001 – $380,000415

$130,001 – $140,00027519294$380,001 – $390,000101

$140,001 – $150,00029817315$390,001 – $400,000325

$150,001 – $160,00027919298$400,001 – $410,000202

$160,001 – $170,00021118229$420,001 – $430,000011

$170,001 – $180,0001368144$430,001 – $440,000101

$180,001 – $190,0001147121$440,001 – $450,000202

$190,001 – $200,0001038111$450,001 – $460,000011

$200,001 – $210,00055964$460,001 – $470,000101

$210,001 – $220,00057360$470,001 – $480,000112

$220,001 – $230,00042547$480,001 – $490,000011

$230,001 – $240,00039544$510,001 – $520,000101

$240,001 – $250,00020626$530,001 – $540,000101

$250,001 – $260,00013114$550,001 – $560,000202

$260,001 – $270,00012113$580,001 – $590,000101

$270,001 – $280,00010212$590,001 – $600,000112

$280,001 – $290,000516$600,001 – $610,000011

$290,001 – $300,00011011$620,001 – $630,000101

$300,001 – $310,00012113$660,001 – $670,000101

$310,001 – $320,00017219$670,001 – $680,000101

$320,001 – $330,000415$710,001 – $720,000101

$330,001 – $340,000505$770,001 – $780,000101

$340,001 – $350,000505$860,001 – $870,000101

2,6682152,883

1. The table includes base salaries, short-term incentives and vested long-term incentives. The table does not include: amounts paid after 30 June 2024 relating to FY24;

long-term incentives that have been granted and have yet to vest (based on grant values, the total value of which was NZ$12.8 million as at 30 June 2024); product and

service concessions received by employees; contributions paid towards health and other insurances; and contributions paid to the Government Superannuation Fund

(a legacy benefit provided to a small number of employees). As a result of organisational changes in FY24 a significant number of employees with base salaries under

$100,000 appear in this table due to redundancy payments.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

77

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Employee benefits
The following table sets out benefits provided to employees during FY24 by employee group:

1

Full-time

permanent

employees

Part-time

permanent

employees

Fixed-term /

casual employees

Parental leaveYe sYe sYe s

2

Insurance cover:

• Medical

• Life and terminal illness

• Income protection

• Trauma

Ye sYe s

3

No

Spark account credit

4

Ye sYe sNo

Ability to participate in Spark

Share

5

Ye sYe sNo

Volunteer day

6

Ye sYe sNo

Spark Give

7

Ye sYe sNo

8

Eligibility to join Marram

9

Ye sYe sNo

Eligible for purchased leave

10

Ye sYe sNo

Mahi Tahi – wellbeing support

11

Ye sYe sYe s

Leadership Squad

remuneration

All Leadership Squad packages include a

fixed remuneration component that is set

based on contribution, experience, and

market relativities. Fixed remuneration

supports the attraction, motivation, and

retention of highly skilled executives.

Fixed remuneration consists of base salary.

A component of each executive's

remuneration package is at risk in the form

of a discretionary annual cash-based STI.

Spark’s STI scheme rewards executives for

the achievement of annual performance

objectives, which vary from year to year.

Executives are also granted options

annually under the Spark LTI scheme.

Under that scheme, participants are

granted options at the start of a three-year

vesting period with vesting subject to a

performance hurdle or hurdles.

1. Excludes benefits offered to some subsidiaries,

which differ from Spark’s overall benefits suite.

2. Eligibility for Parental Leave is in accordance with

government legislation.

3. Employees must work at least 15 hours a week to

be eligible.

4. Employees with active Spark mobile or

broadband accounts will receive monthly credits

of $120, which can be used towards Spark

products or services.

5. Spark’s employee share purchase scheme

provides a simple and cost effective way for

Spark NZ employees to acquire discounted

shares through an interest free loan paid off over

three years, giving employees a real stake in the

future success of the company.

6. The opportunity for Spark employees to take a

day of paid volunteer leave.

7. For specific charities, Spark will match employee

donations dollar-for-dollar, up to a $500 annual

matching cap.

8. Casual employees are ineligible.

9. Marram Trust offers access to accommodation

across New Zealand for discounted rates, as well

as providing a basic level of healthcare cover.

10. The ability to purchase additional annual leave

via a deduction of base salary.

11. Wellbeing support includes access to Clearhead

including funded therapy sessions, specialist

clinical support from our in-house

psychotherapist and health psychologist, and

subscription to the Take A Breath Platform.

Remuneration mix

The table below shows the standard FY25

remuneration mix for the Leadership Squad

expressed as a percentage of fixed

remuneration. The Short-Term Incentive

(STI) scheme is expressed at target, with

payment range from no payment, where no

target thresholds are met to a maximum

payment of double the target value, where

all stretch targets are met. The Long-Term

Incentive scheme (LTI) values represent the

maximum LTI value.

Leadership Squad remuneration

Long-term incentive40% of

base

Short-term incentive50% of

base

SalaryBase

Performance evaluation

The CEO annually reviews the performance

of her direct reports. The evaluation is

undertaken using criteria set by the CEO,

including the performance of the business,

the accomplishment of strategic and

operational objectives, and other non-

quantitative objectives agreed with the

HRCC at the beginning of each financial

year. The last Leadership Squad evaluations

were undertaken during June 2024. Spark

undertakes appropriate checks before

appointing someone onto the

Leadership Squad.

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Remuneration report

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CEO remuneration
Remuneration policy, strategy,

and governance

CEO Jolie Hodson’s remuneration

package reflects the scope, risk, and

complexity of her role and is set by the

Board with reference to the remuneration

of CEOs of similarly sized organisations.

The Board reviewed the CEO

remuneration package and it remains

unchanged at 1 July 2024.

CEO remuneration FY24

For FY24 the CEO’s remuneration package

comprised a fixed cash component, an

at-risk short-term incentive, and an at-risk

long-term incentive, to be awarded under

the Spark Long-Term Incentive Scheme.

The targets and operation of the CEO’s

STI and LTI is the same as described

under Short-term incentive schemes and

Long-term incentive scheme at pages 75

– 76. The construct of the CEO’s

remuneration package is such that 60% of

her remuneration package is at risk.

The table below shows the target

remuneration mix:

Long-term incentive75% of

base

Short-term incentive75% of

base

SalaryBase

The CEO is also expected to maintain a

holding of Spark shares as set out on

page 80 of this report.

Remuneration components

Short-term incentive scheme

The CEO is eligible for an annual cash-

based short-term incentive, subject to the

achievement of specific performance

objectives set by the Board based on

Spark’s strategy and business plan for the

respective financial year. These objectives

will be a combination of financial and

non-financial measures. This is covered in

more detail in the earlier STI scheme

section. The Board assesses the CEO’s

performance at the end of the financial

year to determine the actual payment value

of her short-term incentive, which is in the

range of 0% to 200% of her target value.

The FY24 Group performance outcome, as approved by the Board and applicable to the

CEO, is summarised as follows:

Performance metric%TargetOutcomeResult

Group EBITDAI50%$1,245m0%Did not meet

threshold

Customer experience -

iNPS and digital journey

completion rate (JCR)

25%+37 (iNPS)

55% (JCR)

28%Exceeded target (iNPS)

Achieved threshold

(JCR)

High tech revenue (MATTR,

Qrious, IoT, Spark Health)

25%$196m0%Did not meet

threshold

Total100%0%No payment through

STI scheme as EBITDAI

threshold was not met

Long-term incentive scheme

For FY24 the CEO’s annual LTI was granted

as share options under the Spark Long

Term Incentive Scheme. This is covered in

more detail in the LTI scheme section. The

LTI component of the CEO’s remuneration

package is designed to link part of her

remuneration to the long-term

performance of Spark, and align her

interests with those of shareholders,

through the grant of options with a

post-allocation performance hurdles.

Performance hurdles

Performance hurdles apply to long-term

incentives made to the CEO. The hurdles

are agreed by the Board and set a

minimum level of performance that is

required to be achieved over the period of

each grant, for the LTI to be eligible to vest.

For FY24, the targets were Spark’s aTSR

over the period to meet or exceed Spark’s

cost of equity plus 1.5% compounding

annually (75% of grant) and three ESG

targets (25% of grant).

Spark must meet or exceed these targets

over the period of the grant (from the date

the options are granted to the date three

years after that date) for the relevant

proportion of the options to vest. If Spark

does not meet the target, the associated

proportion of those options will lapse.

Testing to determine whether the aTSR and

ESG performance hurdles have been met

will occur at the end of the vesting period

of the grant. The Board will receive

independent advice to the effect that each

performance hurdle has been met, or not

met, in determining whether the CEO can

exercise the options or whether the options

will lapse.

CEO termination

Spark may terminate the CEO’s

employment with three months’ notice.

A payment of nine months base

remuneration will be made, plus

entitlements for annual performance

incentives and long-term incentives, subject

to the rules relating to these incentives, in

the case of termination by Spark, other than

for termination for cause.

If there is a change of control that results

in the CEO no longer being the CEO of a

publicly listed company, then she will be

able to terminate her employment with

three months’ notice and receive payment

as if Spark had terminated her employment.

Spark may also terminate the CEO’s

employment without notice for defined

causes, in which case she will receive no

further entitlement to any remuneration.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

79

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

CEO remuneration
The total remuneration earned or paid in FY24, and anticipated target remuneration expected to be earned or paid in FY25, by and to the

CEO, Jolie Hodson is as follows:

PeriodBase salary

1

Short-term incentive

2

Long-term incentive

3

FY24 actual remunerationNZ$1,266,900NZ$0NZ$950,175, in the form of share options

FY25 anticipated target remunerationNZ$1,266,900 NZ$950,175NZ$950,175 in the form of share options

1. Base salary excludes employer contributions towards KiwiSaver and is not at risk.

2. The gross amount earned in FY23 and paid in FY24 was $501,692.

3. FY24 long-term incentive was granted in 2023 and, subject to performance hurdles, will vest in September 2026.

The CEO’s FY21 long-term grant, issued in 2020, did not vest in FY24 (2023) as the Absolute TSR hurdle was not achieved:

Grant yearSecurities

Performance

period

Performance

measure

Vesting

outcomeShares lapsedValue transferred

FY21OptionsSeptember 2020

– September 2023

Absolute Total

Shareholder

Return (aTSR),

hurdle – Spark’s

annual cost of

equity + 1%

compounding

100% - 3-year TSR

result was 20.35%

compared with a

31.60% target

187,430NZ$0

The CEO is expected to acquire and hold shares that are at least equivalent in value to 25% of the CEO’s base salary but ideally would increase

this shareholding to 100% of base salary subject to the vesting of shares under any long-term incentive schemes. To fulfil this expectation,

shares are to be acquired within a four-year period from 1 July 2019. As at 30 June 2024 the CEO holds 311,830 ordinary shares which exceeds

the ideal shareholding requirement to hold shares that are at least equivalent in value to 100% of the CEO’s base salary.

Board remuneration

Director remuneration

The remuneration of directors is reviewed annually by the Human Resources and Compensation Committee (HRCC), taking account of the

company’s size and complexity and the responsibilities, skills, performance, and experience of the directors, with recommendations made to

the Board for approval. Specialist independent consultants may be engaged from time to time to provide advice and ensure that the

remuneration of Spark’s directors is appropriate and comparable to that of similar companies in New Zealand and Australia.

Apart from the CEO, no Director of Spark receives compensation in the form of share options or restricted shares, nor do they participate in any

bonus or profit-sharing plan. Non-executive directors are, however, expected to maintain a holding of Spark shares as set out on page 160 of

this report. As is the case for employees, directors are required to comply with the Insider Trading Policy when buying or selling Spark shares

and any such transactions are disclosed to the market.

Remuneration components

No superannuation or retirement allowance was paid to any Spark Director during FY24. Spark does not have service contracts with any

Director, apart from the CEO, that provide for any benefits or remuneration in the event that a Director’s service with Spark is terminated. New

Zealand-based non-executive directors are eligible for Spark-funded medical insurance, and all non-executive directors are also eligible for

Spark-funded life insurance.

FY24 Director remuneration

The total remuneration available to non-executive directors is fixed by shareholders. The current annual remuneration limit is $1,630,000

approved at the annual meeting held in November 2017.

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Remuneration report

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The fees payable to non-executive directors during FY24 were:
Board/Committee

1

Chair

2

Member

3

Board of Directors$381,700$150,300

Audit and Risk Management Committee (ARMC)$40,500$19,700

Human Resources and Compensation Committee (HRCC)$34,700$17,400

1. All non-executive directors are members of the Nominations and Corporate Governance Committee (NOMs) and receive no additional fees for this role.

2. Committee chair and member fees were not payable to the Chair of the Board. Committee member fees were not payable to committee chairs.

3. Member fees were payable for each Committee.

There is no increase to non-executive Director fees for FY25. Fees will continue to be paid out of the current shareholder-approved annual

remuneration limit of $1,630,000.

Committee membership as at 30 June 2024 was as follows:

Human Resources and

Compensation Committee

Audit and Risk

Management Committee

Nominations and

Corporate Governance Committee

Alison Barrass (Chair)

Sheridan Broadbent

David Havercroft

Lisa Nelson

Justine Smyth

Gordon MacLeod (Chair)

Warwick Bray

Sheridan Broadbent

Lisa Nelson

Justine Smyth (ex officio)

Justine Smyth (Chair)

Alison Barrass

Warwick Bray

Sheridan Broadbent

David Havercroft

Jolie Hodson

Gordon MacLeod

Lisa Nelson

The total remuneration received by non-executive directors of Spark during FY24 was as follows:

1

Name of DirectorBoard fees

2

Audit & Risk

Management

Committee fees

Human Resources

and Compensation

Committee fees

Total

remuneration

3

Justine Smyth$381,700––$381,700

Alison Barrass$150,300–$34,700$185,000

Warwick Bray$150,300$19,700 $170,000

Sheridan Broadbent$150,300$19,700$17,400$187,400

David Havercroft$150,300–$17,400$167,700

Gordon MacLeod

4

$150,300$33,378–$183,678

Lisa Nelson

5

$22,297$2,922$2,581$30,025

6

Charles Sitch

7

$51,869$13,976–$65,845

Total$1,207,366$89,676$72,081$1,371,348

1. The figures shown are gross amounts and exclude GST (where applicable) and are rounded to the nearest dollar.

2. All non-executive directors are members of the Nominations and Corporate Governance Committee (NOMs) and receive no additional fees for this role.

3. This table excludes contributions towards medical and life insurance of a total of $17,154. Spark meets costs incurred by directors that are incidental to the

performance of their duties. This includes providing New Zealand-based directors with mobile phones and $120 per month which can be used towards Spark products

or services and overseas-based directors with $400 per month phone allowances. Spark also meets the costs of directors’ Spark-related travel. As these costs are

incurred by Spark to enable directors to perform their duties, no value is attributable to them as benefits to directors for the purposes of the above table.

4. Mr MacLeod was appointed Chair of the ARMC from 3 November 2023.

5. Ms Nelson was appointed a Director and a member of the ARMC and HRCC from 8 May 2024.

6. This figure includes the additional $2,225 Ms Nelson earned as a member of the MATTR Investment Committee during FY24 (as a pro-rata payment based on her time

served on the Committee). Prior to joining the Board, Ms Nelson earned US$36,000 as a consultant to MATTR during FY24.

7. Mr Sitch resigned as a Director from 3 November 2023.

Other directors’ fees

Mr Richard Quince received a Director’s fee of NZ$10,000 (excluding GST) for acting as a Director of Teleco Insurance (NZ) Limited.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

81

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

To achieve our purpose, Spark must
successfully execute our business strategy

while maintaining high standards of

operational performance and corporate

governance.

Our Sustainability Framework focusses our

ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance)

activities in the areas we can make the most

meaningful impact – New Zealand’s

economic transformation, digital equity,

and our own sustainable business

practices. To realise these ambitions ESG is

integrated into our ways of operating and

governance, as outlined in this section.

Maintaining high

standards of corporate

governance

The Board regularly reviews and assesses

Spark’s governance structures and

processes to ensure that they are consistent

with international best practice, in both

form and substance.

Spark has complied with the

recommendations of the NZX Corporate

Governance Code and substantially

complied with the principles and

recommendations of the ASX Corporate

Governance Council’s Principles and

Recommendations (4th Edition) for the

FY24 reporting period. You can read about

how we have complied with these

recommendations and principles in Spark’s

Annual Corporate Governance Statement

FY24: www.spark.co.nz/online/about/

our-company/governance

Copies of, and details about, Spark’s

corporate governance policies, practices,

and processes can be found on our

website at: www.spark.co.nz/online/about/

our-company/governance

Our Sustainability

Framework

Toitū Sustainability at Spark is integrated

into SPK-26 and outlines our approach to

ESG at Spark. Our Framework includes

three key focus areas – Economic

Transformation, Digital Equity, and a

Sustainable Spark. These commitments sit

alongside our Māori Strategy, Te Korowai

Tupu, which informs how we develop

strong connections with Māori and builds

our understanding of Te Ao Māori.

The framework is informed by our

materiality assessment (see page 163).

While the three focus areas are enduring,

the activities within them will evolve over

time to ensure we are responsive to our

changing operating environment and the

needs of our stakeholders.

ESG reporting

We seek to present a clear and transparent

assessment of our ESG performance in our

reporting. This report is prepared in

accordance with the International <IR>

Framework and with the Global Reporting

Initiative (GRI).

We focus our reporting on sustainability

topics that substantively influence the

assessments and decisions of stakeholders

or have a significant environmental, social,

or economic impact. We also consider

whether a matter could substantively affect

our ability to create value in the short,

medium, or long term.

A detailed appendix to this report (see

pages 163 – 174) includes a summary of

our approach to materiality, our GRI Index,

and information on our stakeholders and

memberships of organisations.

Climate change and emissions

reporting

Our FY24 report incorporates climate-

related disclosures, which have been

prepared in compliance with the Aotearoa

New Zealand Climate Standards (NZ CS 1,

NZ CS 2 and NZ CS 3) issued by the

External Reporting Board (XRB). Our

climate-related disclosures are on page 90.

Our governance and ESG management

Spark’s standalone Greenhouse Gas

Inventory Report provides a detailed

account of our emissions. Deloitte provides

limited assurance of the emissions included

in the report, which is available here:

www.spark.co.nz/online/about/our-

company/governance

In the past we have chosen to participate

in voluntary disclosures to the Carbon

Disclosure Project (CDP). However, with

the introduction of mandatory climate

disclosures in New Zealand we have

chosen to focus our attention on our

expanded disclosures against the new local

reporting standards, meaning we will not

submit a CDP response in FY24. We will

review this position in future years.

Modern slavery and human rights

reporting

Spark publishes a dedicated annual

Modern Slavery and Human Rights

Statement.

We report how we are identifying,

mitigating, and remedying modern slavery

risks in our business and our supply chain,

including actions taken over the past year

to strengthen our systems and processes

and audit and engage our suppliers.

This statement provides a detailed

summary of our approach to upholding our

Human Rights Policy within our business,

including our approach to human rights

due diligence and how we are approaching

the acceleration of technologies, such as

AI and Generative AI.

You can find this at: www.spark.co.nz/

online/about/our-company/governance

Hello tomorrow82

Our governance and ESG management

Our governance and ESG management

1. Excluding subsidiaries 2. Covering purchased goods and services and capital goods 3. Joint Audit Cooperation
TOITŪ SUSTAINABILITY

AT SPARK

TŪHONO: we connect WHAKAMANA: we empower MATOMATO: we succeed together MĀIA: we are bold

Economic

Transformation

Empower

New Zealand 

to transform to a

high productivity,

low carbon

economy

Our commitmentKPIs

Sustainable

Development Goals

Sustainable

Spark

Be bold in our

business to have a

positive impact on

our people, the

environment and

our communities

Champion digital

equity so all

New Zealanders

can thrive in a

digital future

Digital

Equity

Emerging technology:

we will invest in the digital

technologies and

infrastructure Aotearoa needs

to transform

• Deliver 5G Standalone

nationwide by FY26 to

enable innovation

Digital infrastructure:

we will expand connectivity

to more of the places

New Zealanders live and work

• Increase 5G connectivity to

all towns with a population

>1,500 by end FY26

Business digitisation:

we will support businesses to

harness the power of

technology to become more

sustainable

• Champion the integration

of digital technology into

Aotearoa’s climate change

planning

Products and services:

we will increase accessibility

and maintain the highest

security and privacy standards

• Maintain top quartile position

in the Worldwide

Benchmarking Alliance’s annual

Digital Inclusion Benchmark

Skills and pathways:

we will focus Spark and Spark

Foundation investment on

increasing Māori and Pasifika

participation in the

technology sector

• Increase Māori and Pasifika

participation within Spark

by 5 percentage points by

end FY26¹

Affordability:

we will support low income

households to participate in

the digital world

• Extend the reach of our

not-for-profit broadband

service Skinny Jump, with

YoY growth

Our people:

we will invest in the

capabilities and wellbeing of

our people and champion

diversity and inclusion

• Achieve 40:40:20 gender

representation across Spark

• Spark has a top decile

innovation culture by FY26

Our environment:

we will reduce our impact on

the natural environment

• Science-based target (SBTi):

reduce Scope 1 and 2

emissions 56% from FY20–

FY30 and ensure 70% of our

suppliers by spend

2

have

SBTi-aligned targets in place

by 2026

Governance:

we will operate a responsible

and ethical business and

supply chain

• Maintain top quartile

benchmark in the annual

Corporate Sustainability

Assessment

• Complete five JAC

3

aligned

supplier location audits annually

83

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

Sustainability Governance
Our sustainability governance structure helps us ensure sustainability is overseen at the highest levels of our organisation and embedded

throughout our everyday operations.

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Our governance and ESG management

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Leadership Squad

Corporate Relations and Sustainability Director

and Sustainability Team

Steering Committees and Governance Forums:

Human Rights and Supply Chain, Data Ethics, Climate Disclosures

Quarterly Business Review (QBR)

All Spark people

Sustainability Framework

Digital

Equity

Sustainable

Spark

Economic

Transformation

Emissions

Reduction

Squads

Spark

Foundation /

Skinny Jump

Squad

Human Rights

and Supply

Chain Squad

Governance

and Reporting

Squad

Spark New Zealand Board of Directors

Sets three-year business strategy and approves Sustainability

Framework, including key policies and KPIs. Reviews

sustainability progress quarterly. Reviews climate change and

modern slavery risks. 

Corporate Relations and Sustainability Director has

overarching responsibility for the Sustainability Framework

and Spark’s progress against it. Sustainability Lead and

Environment and Sustainability Manager lead execution

through squads and reporting.

Steering Committees and Governance Forums established

to ensure Leadership Squad and subject matter expert oversight

of progress against material sustainability focus areas and risks,

where appropriate.

Spark’s business strategy is executed through a Quarterly Business

Review (QBR) process, with priorities agreed every three months.

Sustainability is a standing priority on the QBR.

Support execution of Sustainability Framework priorities and

consider sustainability impacts in decision making.

Identifies most material focus areas

to guide activity and resource allocation.

Cross-functional squads established to improve sustainability

performance and integrate it across Spark.

Spark Foundation has a sole focus on digital equity and is

governed by a Board of Trustees. Skinny Jump is operated by a

dedicated squad. Spark’s new Digital Equity Lead will report into

the Corporate Relations and Sustainability Director, and have

overarching responsibility for Spark’s digital equity investments.

Approval of business strategy and Sustainability Framework,

including key policies and KPIs. Reviews sustainability progress

quarterly. Reviews climate change and modern slavery risks. 

Integrating ESG into our
governance processes

Spark is committed to the continuous

improvement of our ESG performance.

Our sustainability governance structure

helps us ensure sustainability is overseen

at the highest levels of our organisation

and embedded throughout our

everyday operations.

Our Board and Leadership Squad have

oversight of our sustainability performance.

Quarterly updates on our performance

against our sustainability KPIs are provided

to the Leadership Squad, which serves as a

business-wide sustainability steering

committee. The Board has overall

governance responsibility for sustainability

and is provided with a quarterly update

on sustainability performance. The Board

also approves the sustainability framework

and reviews and approves key policies

related to ESG.

In the past year we have evolved the

structure of our squads that support our

ESG performance. Our long-standing ESG

Squad has been split into a Governance

and Reporting Squad and a Human Rights

and Supply Chain Squad. The Governance

and Reporting Squad is an evolution of the

ESG Squad, a cross-functional group

accountable for our performance,

reporting, and risk management, including

representatives from Spark’s financial, risk,

legal, investor relations, regulatory affairs,

people and culture, and corporate relations

functions. The squad is led by Spark’s

Sustainability Lead.

The newly established Human Rights and

Supply Chain Squad is focussed on actions

to further embed these topics into Spark’s

day-to-day operations. The squad is also

led by Spark’s Sustainability Lead, and

includes representative from our value

management (supply chain), legal, digital

trust, and Entelar Group teams. This Squad

reports to a dedicated Steering Committee

including Leadership Squad representation

from the Corporate Relations and

Sustainability, Network and Operations,

and People and Culture directors.

Our Emissions Reduction Squad is led

by Spark’s Environment Manager and

comprises 20 employees working across

the Spark Group. This Squad is split into

three workstreams, focussed on mobile

networks, data centres, and fleet. We

measure and report our energy use and

emissions on a quarterly basis to the

Leadership Squad. For more information

see the Our Environment section on

page 47.

In the past year we established a new Data

Ethics Committee, which replaces our

Data Governance Risk Committee.

The Committee includes representatives

from the Leadership Squad and provides

oversight of our Artificial Intelligence

Principles and how they are embedded

into our ways of working, processes, and

systems. For more information see our

section on AI Governance on page 34.

With the incoming Aotearoa New Zealand

Climate Standards, the Board and

Leadership Squad also adopted a formal

due diligence process for Spark’s climate

disclosures, including the creation of a Due

Diligence Committee. The Committee

includes representatives from the

Leadership Squad who reviewed the

disclosures against the requirements

and principles of the Climate Standards.

For more information see our section on

climate-related disclosures on page 90.

We publish a summary of our approach

to sustainability at Spark on our website:

www.spark.co.nz/online/about/

sustainability

Benchmarking our ESG

performance

We benchmark our performance using

a number of international frameworks,

including the Corporate Sustainability

Assessment (CSA). The CSA is a

comprehensive benchmark of our ESG

maturity against our peers, with good

coverage against our material sustainability

issues. The CSA is now a part of S&P Global

and is the assessment framework behind

inclusion in the Dow Jones Sustainability

Index (DJSI) global series.

Our approach to ESG management has

seen our score, and relative ranking against

global industry peers, increase year-on-

year in the CSA benchmark into the top

quartile of all global telecommunications

companies. As a result, and in recognition

of our progress and regional leadership,

Spark is a member of the DJSI Australia

Index, first joining in FY23 and maintaining

our place on the index in FY24.

We also participate in the Worldwide

Benchmarking Alliance’s annual Digital

Inclusion Benchmark. This includes an

assessment of our broader social

responsibility governance alongside a

detailed assessment of our digital inclusion

programmes. Spark is currently ranked in

the top quartile of this benchmark.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

85

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Public policy and lobbying
commitment

Spark publishes a Public Policy and

Lobbying Commitment that sets clear rules

and processes for us to follow as we seek

to engage on public policy, either directly

or via government relations agencies.

This is available on our website here:

www.spark.co.nz/online/about/

our-company/governance

This Commitment includes our policy to

not make donations to political parties in

New Zealand or any other jurisdictions.

We also committed to disclosing our

engagement with lobbying services

providers. In the past year we have retained

the services of government relations

agency Thompson Lewis. As one of

New Zealand’s largest businesses and

a lifeline utility, we have an important role

to play in the development of policies

relevant to our sector and operations.

We use this agency to provide additional

resource that enables us to effectively

fulfil this role.

Our approach to tax

The Spark Group Tax Strategy reflects our

responsible and transparent approach to

tax. We recognise that the taxes we pay

help underpin Aotearoa’s economy in the

same way that our ongoing investment in

digital infrastructure will underpin

Aotearoa’s digital economy. As a

New Zealand-based company we believe

that it is important to clearly articulate our

tax contribution to provide certainty and

confidence to all stakeholders. As a large

business, we make a significant

contribution to New Zealand’s tax base,

including $189 million of New Zealand

income taxes during FY24 (before any tax

credits were applied).

In FY24 Spark’s effective tax rate was 38.5%,

which is higher than the New Zealand

domestic tax rate of 28%, primarily due to

the one-off tax impact arising from the

removal of tax depreciation on commercial

buildings that formed part of the

New Zealand Government’s 2024 Budget

announcements.

Breakdown of income tax

payments FY24

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

$ MILLION

OVERSEAS

TAX PAYMENTS

TOTAL INCOME

TAX PAID

NZ INCOME TAX

CONTRIBUTED

TAX CREDITS

(INC. FITC)

PROVISIONAL

TAX PAID

$189m

$0m

$189m($48m)

($141m)

In addition to income tax paid by Spark, the

Spark Group has payment and collection

obligations across a wide range of tax types

resulting in an excess of $586 million of

taxes under management during FY24.

Taxes under management

OTHER

NZ INCOME TAX

PAYE

GST

$

1

6

0

M


$

2

6

M


$

1

8

9

M


$

2

1

1

M

The full tax strategy is available online:

www.spark.co.nz/online/about/our-

company/governance

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Our governance and ESG management

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Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua
87

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

of the Quarterly Business Review process.
Each quarter the Leadership Squad

communicates the top priorities for the

business to the Wider Leadership Group,

and supports execution with strategic

guidance and access to extra resources

as needed.

Performance

This domain involves maintaining a

portfolio view of risks under active

management. Examples include

maintaining a principal risk profile that is

used by the ARMC and Leadership Squad

to understand relevant risks and how they

are being managed. It also focuses on the

quality of the embedded risk management

practices that are used within functions

across the business. These two views

enable in-depth analysis of relevant

business risks and how they are being

managed from a top-down and bottom-up

perspective.

Review and revision

This domain involves identifying and

implementing opportunities to

continuously improve risk management

practices. Examples include regular internal

and external assessments of the policy and

framework.

Information, reporting, and

communication

This domain focusses on guiding Spark

on how to use the policy and framework.

Examples include information pages,

access to support channels, and education

sessions.

The policy and framework are assessed

annually, and externally every three years

to ensure they remain effective. All

assessment results and agreed actions

are shared with the ARMC to ensure they

remain informed about the status of the

policy and framework.

Spark’s principal

business risks

Principal risk profiles are updated twice

yearly. The last update was finalised in

May 2024. The principal risk themes

identified were:

Protecting Spark and its customers

from a major cyber-attack or data

breach

Evolving external threats, changing

legislation, and high expectations from

customers and stakeholders mean robust

security and privacy roadmaps, and strong

governance through the Information Security

Risk Management Committee (which

includes five members from the Leadership

Squad is needed to ensure that significant

risks are managed. The Cyber Security tribe

is responsible for critical operational controls

to ensure standards and compliance are

upheld. Our Digital Trust team sets privacy

frameworks and standards that Agile units

need to apply to maintain appropriate

operational controls for privacy. Spark also

has a data retention policy, that sets out

considerations and, in some cases, rules for

data retention. Adherence audits for

compliance with the data retention policy

are performed by the Internal Audit team.

Our risk management

Managing risk

Our risk policy and framework help our

people to manage uncertainty and adapt

to challenges as they pursue Spark’s

strategy. Oversight by the Audit and Risk

Management Committee (ARMC) and the

diligent application of the defined roles

and responsibilities across the business

ensures our risk management system

remains effective.

The policy and framework are

benchmarked to COSO ERM 2017 (COSO),

a leading practice risk management

standard. We also use other leading risk

management standards like

ISO31000:2018 and specific standards and

guidance, where available, to benchmark

and inform our risk management practices.

Spark’s framework is structured into five risk

management domains that all work

together to enable a robust system for risk

management. Below is a description of

each domain and some examples of

activities by domain to help understand the

framework in more depth. These five

domains are embedded in Spark’s

Managing Risk Framework and ensure the

‘Three Lines of Defence’ Risk Model (1. Own

and manage 2. Monitor and 3. Provide

independent assurance) is utilised.

Governance and culture

This domain reinforces the importance of

risk management and influences how

people apply the framework. Managing

risk is embedded in our organisational

structure, our functional activities, and is

supported by specialist resources from the

Risk team. Examples include the risk policy

and the defined governance structure that

supports its application across Spark.

More information on the roles and

responsibilities are included in the table

on page 162.

Strategy and objective setting

This domain focuses on integrating risk

management into strategy setting and

business planning. Examples include the

consideration of risks and opportunities to

business objectives when making strategy

decisions and checking in with every

function using a systematic method as part

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Our risk management

Our risk management

External reviews and certifications help to
ensure that comprehensive security

measures exist for the critical elements of

our cyber security framework. These reviews

include security maturity assessments and

security device configuration audits to

ensure our processes meet expected

standards.

Maintaining a resilient network

and delivering technology and

network leadership

The use of established and proven delivery

methods for large-scale network and

technology projects (such as our 5G rollout)

will help us to manage potential risks created

by the delivery of new technologies and will

also sustain our existing technology. This also

includes long-term physical risk to

infrastructure from climate change. With a

high share of operational cost, Spark’s

technology units also continue to execute

net-cost reduction while maintaining

operational standards. In addition to cost

optimisation mitigations, technology units

have robust operational risk management

processes, which provide visibility and

enable a coordinated response to risk.

Estimating economic environment

impacts and responding with

balanced judgement

The economic environment remains

challenging, characterised by high costs,

elevated interest rates, and rising

unemployment, which is having a

significant impact on customer behaviour.

As a result, customers across all business

segments are increasingly looking for ways

to reduce their spending. The SME sector,

in particular, is experiencing a higher rate

of business closures, while the enterprise

and government sector is experiencing the

impact of government agency spending

reductions and reduced private sector

investment. Although Spark has been

impacted less than some parts of the

economy, Management continues to

monitor this risk closely by adapting its

strategies to ensure resilience and

sustainability in our operations.

Delivering planned artificial

intelligence (AI) and business

system transformation objectives

Delivering planned AI and business system

investments is a key enabler of SPK-26.

A dedicated Transformation Lead and

Programme has been established to lead

these investments and ensure they are

deployed in a complementary manner.

Dedicated squads have been established

to ensure deployment by teams with the

required skills.

Spark has identified key use cases for

Generative AI to support growth and

improved efficiency across the business.

As Generative AI is developing rapidly,

Spark’s Data and AI Governance approach

has evolved during the year, to build on

existing policies and practices that ensure

a safe and ethical deployment of AI within

the business. This is detailed on page 34.

Migrating large corporate customers from

legacy technologies and products, whilst

balancing customer experience and churn

remains a challenge when implementing

business system transformation. This is

managed through high levels of

collaboration from internal resources

and tools that model and support

decision-making.

Achieving revenue growth

As Spark strives to achieve revenue growth,

there is inherent risks associated with both

our traditional and emerging revenue

streams. Growth in our traditional revenue

sources, such as mobile and broadband

services, continue to face challenges from

increased competition and market

saturation. Meanwhile, our new revenue

streams, including data centres, cloud,

and high-tech, are subject to rapid

technological changes, competition, and

market acceptance risk. To mitigate these

risks and ensure sustainable growth, our

Leadership Squad continuously monitors

and manages business strategies. This

involves proactive intervention to address

any issues and staying up to date with

industry trends and technological

advancements. Our aim is to strike a

balance between risk and opportunity,

and to steer Spark towards a future of

innovation, while creating diverse and

long-term revenue growth.

Cost optimisation while

maintaining operational standards

and resilient service

Executing net cost reduction is a strength

for Spark, and we do it in a way that

ensures operational delivery standards for

customers are maintained. The recent

redesign of the operating model, AI and

automation, ongoing simplification, and

digitising customer journeys help to

provide Spark with a more sustainable

operating model and cost base moving

forward. To mitigate unintended risks (for

example, customer service disruptions), the

Leadership Squad has established a strong

governance structure, coupled with a

formal delivery methodology to ensure all

initiatives are robustly tested. Trajectory

toward targets is measured, which enables

intervention and course corrections when

required.

Business continuity and crisis

management

The Business Continuity and Crisis

Management Policy protects customers

from the impact of disruptive events and

ensures value-generating activities are

resilient and comply with relevant external

standards, for example Civil Defence and

111 obligations.

Spark’s framework is benchmarked to

ISO 22301 and ISO 22313, which are

acknowledged as leading practice

standards for business continuity. It is

overseen by the ARMC in a similar way to

the Managing Risk Policy and Framework.

An internal Governance Committee

consisting of tribe leads from across Spark,

oversees and supports the implementation

and maintenance of Business Continuity

programme activities across the Spark

Group. Regular reviews of the framework

are performed by the Service Resilience

and Risk and Internal Audit teams to ensure

it is effective. External reviews and testing

of key elements of the framework such as

the Level One Crisis Management Plan and

Team are also done to validate the

effectiveness of Spark’s business continuity

framework. Our continued investment in

network resiliency, as outlined on page 42,

also demonstrates application of the

framework in practice.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

89

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Spark New Zealand Limited is a climate-
reporting entity under Part 7A of the

Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013 (FMA).

These climate statements relate to the

Spark Group, which consists of Spark

New Zealand Limited and its subsidiaries.

While Spark Finance Limited (a subsidiary

of Spark New Zealand Limited) also meets

the definition of a climate-reporting entity

under the FMA, the Financial Markets

Conduct (Climate Statements – Spark

Finance Limited) Exemption Notice 2024

(available at www.fma.govt.nz/assets/

Exemption/Financial-Markets-Conduct-

Climate-Statements-Spark-Finance-

Limited-Exemption-Notice-2024.pdf)

exempts it from the requirement to prepare

climate statements.

This section of our Annual Report is

structured around the four themes of

climate governance, strategy, risk

management, and metrics and targets.

However, in some instances, information is

included in these climate statements by

cross-reference to other sections of our

Annual Report or to our stand-alone

Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report. Deloitte

provides limited assurance of the emissions

included in the report, which is available

here: https://investors.sparknz.co.nz/

investor-centre/?page=annual-reports.

A table showing the location of each of our

disclosures referenced against the

requirements of the Aotearoa New Zealand

Climate Standards is included on page

167.

Approved on behalf of the Board on

22 August 2024.

Justine Smyth CNZM

Chair

Gordon MacLeod

Chair Audit and Risk Management

Committee

Spark climate-related disclosures

Introduction

Climate change has the potential to cause

significant disruption to all New Zealand

businesses, including Spark. This includes

risks to our business due to changing

economic conditions, disruption to our

supply chain, operations, and infrastructure,

and to our customers. Climate change also

creates opportunities for Spark to support

our customers to reduce their emissions

and adapt to the potential impacts of a

warming climate.

Compliance with Climate Standards

Spark introduced climate risk reporting,

aligned to the international Task Force on

Climate-related Financial Disclosures

(TCFD) framework, in our FY21 Annual

Report. This year’s report marks the first

time we have reported under the new

mandatory disclosure regime, which builds

on the foundations of the voluntary TCFD

standards.

These climate statements have been

prepared in compliance with the Aotearoa

New Zealand Climate Standards (NZ CS 1,

NZ CS 2 and NZ CS 3) issued by the

External Reporting Board (XRB). Climate

Standard NZ CS 2 provides a number of

adoption provisions, which reporters may

elect to use. Spark New Zealand has elected

to apply the following adoption provisions

in our first mandatory reporting period:

• Adoption provision 1 (related to current

financial impacts)

• Adoption provision 2 (related to

anticipated financial impacts)

• Adoption provision 3 (related to

transition plan). We have included

details of the transition plan aspects of

our strategy in this report, however

intend to refine these disclosures in

FY25 once anticipated regulatory

guidance has been released.

• Adoption provision 5 (related to

comparatives for Scope 3 GHG

emissions)

• Adoption provision 6 (related to

comparatives for metrics)

• Adoption provision 7 (related to

analysis of trends)

Important notice, challenges, and uncertainties

Our climate-related disclosures and the conclusions we make in these

disclosures reflect our current understanding as at August 2024. This

includes current and forward-looking information regarding climate change,

its impact on Spark, and our response to it. Climate change, and the impacts

it will have on individual businesses, is subject to significant uncertainty. The

information in this report is based on estimates, judgements, assumptions,

and incomplete data that we consider to be appropriate under current

circumstances. As such, we caution reliance being placed on information

that is subject to significant uncertainty and data limitations.

This report includes forward-looking statements, including in relation to climate-related

scenarios, targets, risks and opportunities, anticipated impacts, and transition plans.

Such forward-looking statements are based on the beliefs of, and assumptions made

by, our Management, along with information currently available at the time such

statements were made. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees or

predictions of future performance. Any statements in these climate statements that are

not historical facts are forward looking statements.

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Spark climate disclosures

Spark climate disclosures

Climate governance
Governance body oversight of

climate risk and opportunities

The Spark Board is the governance body

responsible for oversight of climate-related

risks and opportunities. The Board is

informed and engaged on climate change

through a number of regular processes:

• through oversight of Spark’s

overarching enterprise risk

management system (via the ARMC),

which incorporates our most material

climate risks

• through approval of, and engagement

in, Spark’s climate scenario risk analysis

processes and annual climate risk

reporting

• through quarterly sustainability updates

from the Corporate Relations and

Sustainability Director, and non-cyclical

Board papers which include climate

related risks or opportunities

The Audit and Risk Management

Committee (ARMC), a subcommittee of the

Spark Board, assists the Board in relation to

the oversight of the risk management

framework and monitoring compliance

with that framework. The ARMC meets at

least four times each year and receives

regular updates on all principal business

risks, including regular updates on the key

risk ‘Maintaining a resilient network’, which

includes physical adaptation risk to our

networks, and risk in our network supply

chain (see detailed climate risk tables on

pages 97). The papers from ARMC

meetings are available to the Board and all

directors may attend meetings of the ARMC.

The Board is also responsible for Spark’s

external climate reporting published with

our annual financial disclosures. This

includes review and approval of the climate

risks and opportunities identified, which is

published alongside our emissions metrics

and performance against our climate

targets. For this year’s disclosures the Board

was engaged in our refreshed climate

scenario analysis, to pressure test the

climate scenario narratives and validate the

identified effects on Spark.

The Board is provided a sustainability

update on a quarterly basis, including as

part of annual integrated reporting for year-

end. In FY24, these updates covered a range

of topics, including performance against

KPIs (including tracking emissions and

energy use) and also on broader topics,

such as climate risk. This, together with

additional papers that contain climate-

related content, mean that climate-related

risks and opportunities are discussed

regularly at Spark Board meetings.

As the governance body for significant

sustainability and climate-related decisions,

the Board approves Spark’s sustainability

framework, policies, and targets (such as

Spark’s science-based emissions reduction

target, approved in FY21), and approval

of key initiatives, such as our renewable

energy partnership with Genesis Energy

(see page 51).

Our directors are expected to continuously

educate themselves to ensure that they

have the appropriate expertise and can

effectively perform their duties.

Sustainability, together with risk

management and regulatory, is one of the

competencies assessed in our Board Skills

Matrix (see page 21). The Board has been

provided with briefings and sessions during

FY24 to support further development of

skills relating to the oversight and

management of climate risk and to foster its

climate expertise. Expertise is also gained

by directors who have directorships in

industries with related climate risks. Jolie

Hodson, Spark CEO and Board member,

is also a member of the Climate Leaders

Coalition's Steering Committee.

A description of how the Board considers

climate-related opportunities when

developing and overseeing Spark's

strategy, and the way in which resiliency

(related to physical risk) is integrated into

our business, is set out on page 93.

The Board is also responsible for

remuneration policies. For our Leadership

Squad and a select group of senior leaders,

a long-term incentive (LTI) forms part of

their remuneration package. This scheme is

tied to performance measures relating to

Spark’s ESG performance, including

performance against our emissions

reduction target, which constitutes 12.5%

of the LTI performance assessment

weighting.

An overview of the climate-related risks

and opportunities responsibilities as

between the Spark Board and

Management is described on page 92.

Flooding caused by Cyclone Gabrielle.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

91

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Management’s role in climate risk
and opportunities

Climate-related responsibilities are

assigned across a number of the Spark

Leadership Squad (direct reports to the

CEO) and supported by a number of

internal governance groups and processes:

• The Finance Director is responsible for

management of our overarching risk

management system

• The Corporate Relations and

Sustainability Director is responsible

for Spark’s overall sustainability strategy

• The Network and Operations Director

is responsible for our most material

climate change risks, which are

integrated into the key risk ‘Maintaining

a resilient network’ in our enterprise risk

management system, and progress

against our emissions reduction target

For the preparation of these climate

statements in FY24, the Board and

Leadership Squad established a formal

due diligence process and approved

the establishment of a Due Diligence

Committee to oversee the preparation of

the climate statements. This Committee is

comprised of the Leadership Squad

members identified above, as well as the

Spark General Counsel.

For broader issues the full Leadership

Squad serves as Spark’s sustainability

steering group, with a standing agenda

item each quarter to review performance

against sustainability KPIs, discuss risks and

opportunities and make decisions related

to climate change and our broader

sustainability work. The Corporate Relations

and Sustainability Director then provides a

quarterly sustainability update to the Spark

Board. The key sustainability KPI that relates

to climate change is our emissions

reduction target – see page 105 for more

information.

In FY24, the Leadership Squad was also

engaged in our refreshed climate scenario

analysis, supporting the development of

our climate scenario narratives and

exploring the identified effects on Spark.

The Leadership Squad is also engaged in

the annual preparation and review of our

Annual Report, meaning all Leadership

Squad members are informed about

climate-related risks and opportunities on

an annual basis.

The Leadership Squad is also regularly

updated on risks identified in our

Enterprise Risk Management System.

Spark’s Risk, Audit and Fraud Lead provides

a quarterly update to the ARMC, a

subcommittee of the Board. Our risk

management system helps our people

to manage uncertainty and adapt to

challenges as they pursue our strategy.

A number of supporting squads are led

by Spark’s Sustainability Lead and

Environment Manager. This includes our

Governance and Reporting Squad and

Emissions Reduction Squad. These squads

report progress to the Leadership Squad

and Board through the quarterly

sustainability updates.

The Governance and Reporting squad is

an evolution of the ESG Squad, a cross-

functional group accountable for our

performance, reporting, and risk

management, including representatives

from Spark’s financial, risk, legal, investor

relations, regulatory affairs, people and

culture, and corporate relations functions.

The squad is led by Spark’s Sustainability

Lead. The Emissions Reduction Squad is

led by Spark’s Environment Manager and

comprises 20 employees working across

the Spark Group, mostly in Network and

Operations. This squad is split into three

workstreams, focussed on mobile networks,

data centres, and fleet.

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Spark climate disclosures

For running header don't delete

Risk, Audit and Fraud Lead reports

direct to Chair of ARMC, with parallel

reporting line to Finance Director

Spark Leadership Squad

Sub-set of Leadership Squad with delegated climate change responsibilities,

including as members of Due Diligence Committee established by the Spark Board

for FY24 climate-related disclosures

Sustainability

Lead

Reporting and

Governance

Squad

Risk, Audit and

Fraud Lead

Environment

Manager

Emissions

Reduction

Squad

Audit and Risk Management Committee

Finance

Director

Network and

Operations

Director

Corporate

Relations and

Sustainability

Director

General

Counsel

Spark Board

Strategy and climate
change

Integration of climate change and

transition planning into strategy

Spark does not have a stand-alone climate

transition plan. Our climate strategy and

transition plan actions are integrated into

our overarching strategy and business

processes. Because of this

interconnectedness we have chosen to

integrate our climate disclosures within our

integrated annual report. Our climate-

related risk and opportunity tables (see

pages 97 to 101) report the actions we are

taking against each of the climate change

risks and opportunities we have identified.

As an infrastructure provider with assets

distributed across New Zealand, we have

robust processes established to manage

physical risk across our business, which

includes resilience to climate change

alongside other hazards such as

earthquake risk. We focus on ensuring that

these existing business processes are

prepared for the increase in frequency and

severity of climate incidents, and that our

investment in the resilience of our

infrastructure is informed by the latest

climate science. Resiliency (related to

physical risk) is a key input into our network

capital deployment and funding. For

information on our investment into

resilience see page 42.

The Board and Leadership Squad

considered opportunities from climate

change when setting Spark’s three-year

strategy launched in FY23. A key focus of

the strategy is enabling New Zealand

businesses to grow and become more

productive and sustainable through

technology, which explains how we will

support New Zealand’s transformation to a

high-productivity, low-carbon economy.

The aspects of our strategy aligned to

transition planning inform our capital

deployment and funding decision-making

process. For example, in October we

acquired Adroit, a leading IoT provider that

specialises in technology solutions for

real-time environmental monitoring, with

solutions that are used across worksites,

construction, agriculture, aquaculture,

councils, and infrastructure sectors. In the

past year we have also added formal

climate and emissions considerations into

our capital deployment and funding

decision-making processes.

The sustainability elements of our strategy

are expanded in our Toitū Sustainability at

Spark framework, published on page 84 of

this report. We include a description of our

business model and strategy, using the

<IR> Integrated Reporting capitals model,

on page 6 of this report.

Digital equity is a pillar of our sustainability

framework. We know that as our economy

decarbonises digital skills and access will

become increasingly important for

participation in society and the workplace,

meaning digital equity is a key element of

a socially just transition. See the Our

Community section on pages 56 – 61 to

learn more about our digital equity work.

Another commitment, under the

Sustainable Spark pillar of our sustainability

framework, is to reduce our impact on the

natural environment. This includes our

plans to transition our operations towards a

lower emissions future. We have set an

emissions reduction target with the Science

Based Targets Initiative (SBTi) to reduce our

scope 1 and 2 emissions by 2030, as

explained further on page 105.

As the majority of our scope 1 and 2

emissions are from electricity, supporting

investment in new renewable energy

generation is our strategy to decouple our

business growth from emissions growth,

alongside other energy efficiency

initiatives.

Our SBTi target also includes a supplier

engagement target that 70% of our

suppliers by spend, covering purchased

goods and services and capital goods, will

have SBTi-aligned targets in place by 2026.

To achieve this, we are engaging with

suppliers to support and encourage them

to establish their own science-based

emissions reduction targets.

Current impacts of climate change

When considering physical impacts of

climate change, over the last year we

experienced no specific climate-related

incidents beyond normal weather-related

outages. In the previous year, the impact of

Cyclone Gabrielle was significant. The

cyclone caused significant and sustained

power outages and destroyed many roads

and bridges that hold fibre backhaul, which

connects mobile towers to mobile

exchanges. As a result of this, more than

600 mobile towers (across Spark, One

New Zealand, and 2degrees) went offline

during the storm. Within our network,

only one of our cell sites sustained

physical damage – all our outages were

caused by power outages or fibre cuts.

The Telecommunications Emergency Forum,

a working party made up of key network

operators and retailers, coordinated by

the Telecommunications Forum (TCF),

was activated immediately and worked

alongside the National Emergency

Management Agency (NEMA) to coordinate

an urgent industry response. Generators

and satellite units were flown into the

affected areas via helicopter, and our teams

were on the ground to restore connectivity

as soon as it was safe to do so. As a result of

these efforts, within 96 hours, more than

90% of impacted towers were back online.

When considering transition opportunities,

we continue to see growth in our high-tech

revenues, which includes our IoT business.

Much of this is driven by monitoring,

including energy, water, and environmental

monitoring. Although this is not driven by

specific climate regulation, it is indicative of

an increased focus among our customer

base on investing in technology solutions

for sustainability issues. We also continue to

see interest from investors and customers in

our climate change performance, including

our emissions reduction target and

reporting. This includes an increase in

customer requests for scope 3 emissions

data related to the products and services

we supply. The role of satellite-enabled

services is also evolving, both for fixed-

broadband and direct to mobile services.

Although resilience to weather events is

one driver for early adoption, much of this

market shift is driven by non-climate-related

factors, such as coverage in rural areas.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

93

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Our climate risk tables outline all climate
impacts and opportunities identified

through our scenario analysis and internal

risk processes. These include current

impacts, which may increase over time, and

potential future impacts.

Climate scenario analysis

Spark has undertaken climate scenario

analysis to help it to identify its climate-

related risks and opportunities and develop

a better understanding of the resilience of

our business model and strategy.

Climate scenarios provide an opportunity

for organisations to develop their internal

capacity to better understand and prepare

for the uncertain future impacts of climate

change. They are plausible, challenging

descriptions of how the future may

develop based on a coherent and

consistent set of assumptions about

physical and transition risks:

• Physical risks: risks relating to the

physical impacts of climate change.

Physical risks emanating from climate

change can be event-driven (acute)

such as increased severity of extreme

weather events. They can also relate to

longer-term shifts (chronic) in

precipitation and temperature and

increased variability in weather patterns,

such as sea level rise

• Transition risks: risks related to the

transition to a low-emissions, climate-

resilient global and domestic economy,

such as policy, legal, technology,

market and reputation changes

associated with the mitigation and

adaptation requirements relating to

climate change.

Over the past year Spark co-led a sector-

wide approach to scenario development.

A shared sector approach is recommended

by the XRB. The sector scenarios were

developed through a series of workshops,

facilitated by environmental consultancy

Tonkin + Taylor and our industry body The

Telecommunications Forum (TCF). The

process was guided by a focal question:

“How could climate change plausibly

disrupt the telecommunications sector over

the short (5 years), medium (15 years), and

long-term (30+ years)?”

The sector-wide approach to climate risk

supports collective engagement with other

sectors and stakeholders. This is particularly

important to inform long-term

collaboration and planning and will be an

important input to New Zealand’s next

National Climate Change Risk assessment

due to be published by the Climate

Change Commission in 2026. Throughout

the process the sector consulted with the

Ministry for the Environment, the Climate

Change Commission, and representatives

from the energy sector who were

integrated into the TCF process.

Our three climate scenarios

The three climate scenarios the

telecommunications sector selected are

outlined in the tables on pages 97–101.

These scenarios align to the requirements

in NZ CS 1 for entities to analyse three

scenarios, and each draw from a range of

widely used global and local scenario

archetypes, for example the

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

Change (IPCC) Shared Socioeconomic

Pathways (SSPs), the National Institute of

Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA)

representative concentration pathways

(RCP) and the New Zealand Climate

Change Commission decarbonisation

pathways. They are also based on scenario

archetypes that are consistent with those

used by other infrastructure sectors in

New Zealand to develop sector scenarios.

The scenarios were designed and agreed

in consultation across the sector. Given the

broad range of inputs and alignment to

recognised scenario archetypes we believe

the scenarios capture a broad set of

possible outcomes that are relevant and

appropriate to assessing the resilience of

our business model and strategy to

climate-related risks and opportunities.

A full report of the sector climate scenarios

is published on the TCF and Spark websites.

Entelar Group loading helicopter with power generators for our cell sites in Gisborne during Cyclone Gabrielle.

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Spark climate disclosures

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This includes detailed descriptions of the
emissions reduction pathways in each

scenario and the assumptions underlying

pathway development over time, including

the policy and socioeconomic assumptions

and macroeconomic trends.

1

It also

includes full descriptions of the relevant

scenario narratives, and an outline of

the process followed to develop the

scenarios. The report is available here:

https://s.spark.co.nz/4fXRsoH.

These three scenarios have driven Spark’s

internal climate scenario analysis, which

applied the detailed scenarios to our

business and strategy, to identify risks and

opportunities specific to Spark. This was a

stand-alone process, independent of our

existing risk governance. The scope of our

climate scenario analysis covers all of

Spark's operations and the entire value

chain, from upstream supply chain impacts

to downstream impacts on our customers

and the broader economy. It covers all

business activities, operating companies,

and subsidiaries. The scenario analysis

builds upon our previous scenario analysis

and climate risk reporting, which mapped

against scenarios equivalent to the

‘disorderly’ (RCP 4.5) and ‘hothouse’ (RCP

8.5) scenarios. While external stakeholders

and partners were involved in the

sector-based scenario development,

Spark’s internal process did not involve any

external partners or stakeholders.

The Spark Board and Leadership Squad

were engaged in the scenario analysis,

developing and pressure testing the

potential effects on Spark across each of

the three scenarios against a number of

categories:

• Economic

• Business-to-business customers

• Consumer customers

• Government and policy

• Infrastructure

• Supply chain

• Investors

• Managed retreat

• Social

As noted on page 90, the Board has

approved the climate-related risks and

opportunities identified as a result of the

scenario analysis process.

Physical risk analysis

As part of our scenario analysis process in

FY24, we also updated our physical risk

analysis against updated data and climate

models newly released by the Ministry for

the Environment in July 2024. This analysed

risk to our infrastructure and assets against

the risks of sea level rise/coastal flooding,

temperature, wind and rain pattern

changes. This modelling provides

information on the number and location of

sites that may be of greater risk, and

enables us to quantify the scale of potential

impact and the investment required to

mitigate risk, for example by strengthening

or relocating vulnerable sites. Through the

analysis we identified a small number of

assets vulnerable to direct physical risks.

This includes 24 mobile sites and one

regional exchange vulnerable to coastal

flooding under a 20cm sea level rise

scenario. This is less than 2% of our

infrastructure sites. We acknowledge the

limitations and uncertainty of this mapping

approach, including the lack of localised

information on interconnected physical risk.

We will continue to update our physical risk

analysis as new data becomes available,

particularly data on supporting

infrastructure. This will be an important

input into our disclosure of anticipated

financial impacts in future years.

1 See Section 4 and Appendix A of the sector climate scenarios. The assumptions used to create the sector scenarios were those that were

considered to be most relevant to the sector. Specific assumptions were not included relating to energy pathways, carbon sequestration from

afforestation, climate technology such as negative emissions technology, and nature-based solutions.

Global climate

and socioeconomic

disruption

New Zealand

pathways and

projections

New Zealand

telecommunications

sector impacts and

scenarios

Scenario analysis

of specific

impacts and

effects to Spark

Disclosure

Stages of scenario analysis

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Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Scenario #1:
Orderly transition

Scenario #2:

Disorderly transition

Scenario #3:

Hothouse

Brief description of

scenario narrative (further

detail included in sector

scenarios)

New Zealand and the world

transitions to net zero by 2050

with strong policy and market

changes clearly signalled by the

government. Physical impacts

from climate change are limited

and align with the SSP1-1.9

scenario. Average global

temperatures are limited to 1.5

degrees above pre-industrial

levels by 2050.

New Zealand and the developed

world are delayed in their

transition to net zero. This results

in a steady increase in

temperature and physical

impacts in alignment with

SSP2-4.5 (2 degrees by mid-

century). By 2030, prompted by a

number of significant weather

events, New Zealand and the

developed world realise that

urgent action is needed to reach

net zero, which results in poorly

signalled policy and market

changes coinciding with

increased adaptation and

recovery costs creating significant

medium-term challenges.

New Zealand and the world

abandon net zero targets, and

there is no national or global

movement to reduce emissions.

Existing policies are reversed,

and fossil fuel use continues.

Physical impacts from climate

change are severe with annual

average global temperatures

rising to 2 degrees above

pre-industrial levels by 2050 and

3.6 degrees by 2100 (in

alignment with SSP3-7.0).

Scenario datasets• Intergovernmental Panel on

Climate Change: SSP1-1.9

• NIWA: RCP 2.6

• Climate Change Commission:

Tailwinds pathway

• Intergovernmental Panel on

Climate Change: SSP2-4.5

• NIWA: RCP 4.5

• Climate Change Commission:

Headwinds pathway

• Intergovernmental Panel on

Climate Change: SSP3-7.0

• NIWA: RCP 8.5

• Climate Change Commission:

Current policy

Global temperature change1.5 ̊C2 ̊C>3 ̊C

Transition riskHighestMediumLowest

Physical riskLowestMedium Highest

Policy responseEarly and strategicSlow until 2030, then reactive and

significant

Slow, market-led, focussed on

adaptation

Economic impactHighest in 5-year horizon, lowest

over 30+ years

Highest over 15-year horizonHighest over 30+ year horizon

Time horizons for scenario analysis

Short termMedium termLong term

Time horizon5 years15 years30 + years*

Year relative to 2024203020402055+

Rationale for selection and

link to strategic planning

horizons and capital

deployment plans

Aligns with emissions reduction

target and with future-facing

investment horizon

Aligned with typical life of

technology assets

Aligned with further

materialisation of physical risks,

particularly on infrastructure

* For risk analysis we used a timebound 30-year horizon. The 30+ year time horizon was used for long-term scenario development.

Our climate scenarios

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Climate-related risks and opportunities
The tables below outline the climate-related risks and opportunities that Spark has identified over the short, medium and long-term, together

with the anticipated impacts of those climate-related risks and opportunities. As many of the risks and opportunities identified are present

across all time horizons, we have explained the trend that these risks and opportunities follow across time horizons, identifying the horizon in

which the risk or opportunity is most significant.

Physical risks

Risk description

Scenario where

risk is greatest

Time

horizon(s)

Potential impacts

(anticipated impacts

pre-mitigation)

Mitigations

(transition plan actions integrated into strategy)

Physical risk

Damage

to Spark

infrastructure

Increased weather

events result in

increased

damage to Spark

sites. This includes

mobile network

equipment,

exchanges, data

centres, data

transport

networks

Present in all

scenarios, but

most significant

under the

Hothouse

scenario

Increasing in

severity over

time, most

significant in the

30+ year time

horizon

Increased reactive

maintenance costs

(labour, fleet,

contractors, and parts)

Our physical risk analysis against the latest

climate models shows only a small number of

Spark sites are likely to face significant risk of

direct physical damage, with a small number

of mobile sites, and one regional exchange,

in locations vulnerable to coastal inundation

and flooding over a 30-year horizon.

Adaptation cost to reinforce or relocate these

sites is unlikely to be material over a 30-year

time horizon.

Exchange buildings and data centres are

carefully located considering physical

hazards. New data centre builds account for

future climate scenarios. Our three

geographically diverse, highly resilient

network data centres provide core voice and

mobile services, with each core able to

operate independently.

We already make significant investments into

network resilience annually and continue to

introduce new resilience initiatives. This

sustained investment will lessen the impact of

any future resilience standards Government

may choose to introduce.

See mitigations below for further detail or

refer to the Enhancing the resilience of our

network section on page 42

Increased customer

disruptions impact

revenue, brand, and

reputation

One-off adaptation

costs for site

strengthening and/or

relocation

Increased costs of new

infrastructure builds to

meet higher climate

resilience standards,

e.g. data centres

Increased insurance

cost or withdrawal of

insurance

Disruption to

supporting

infrastructure

Increased weather

events result in

more outages and

disruption to

infrastructure that

supports Spark’s

operations

Present in all

scenarios, but

most significant

under the

Hothouse

scenario

Increasing in

severity over

time, most

significant in the

30+ year time

horizon

Passive tower

infrastructure: increase

in damage to passive

tower infrastructure

(e.g. tower masts)

causes outages or

creates damage to

Spark’s active

infrastructure

We make significant investments into network

resiliency annually and will continue to invest in

new initiatives to adapt to our warming climate.

This includes plans to extend battery life on

major, critical mobile sites to ensure they can

withstand power outages for longer periods of

time, alongside improvements to cell tower

management during outages to prioritise

connectivity for essential communications

functions, such as calls and texts.

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Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Risk description
Scenario where

risk is greatest

Time

horizon(s)

Potential impacts

(anticipated impacts

pre-mitigation)

Mitigations

(transition plan actions integrated into strategy)

Physical risk (continued)

Disruption to

supporting

infrastructure

(continued)

Electricity: increase in

frequency and

duration of grid

outages results in

increased network

outages

For prolonged outages portable generators

are used to provide power to mobile sites.

Large-scale fixed generators are in place at

critical exchange and data centre sites, which

can operate continuously without grid power.

To improve backhaul resiliency we have

established a network of satellite-connected

temporary small cells throughout the country

for use in emergencies. We are also

implementing backup satellite backhaul at a

number of permanent cell towers. We are

providing business grade Starlink satellite

services to our business customers, while

trialling direct satellite-to-mobile technology

with our partner Lynk Global, before offering

the service to Spark customers at scale as

more satellites are deployed.

Ongoing investment in our Optical Transport

Network (OTN) provides multiple redundancy

paths and ‘self-healing’ capabilities. Our

access and aggregation network will provide

diverse and self-healing pathways between

our cell towers and our networks.

We also have plans to continue to work

alongside our industry peers through the TCF

to prepare for future events cohesively across

our sector. Over the last year, mobile network

operators have identified critical sites offering

widespread coverage so they can be

prioritised for restoration.

For more detail refer to the Enhancing the

resilience of our network section on page 42

Fibre backhaul:

increased frequency of

backhaul (fibre)

outages caused by

flooding, landslips, and

road and/or bridge

damage along

transport corridors

Road transport: road

transport network

damage limits ability to

reach sites to perform

maintenance and

upgrades or address

outages, e.g. installing

and/or fuelling

generators, restoring

backhaul connectivity

Supply chain

disruption

Physical climate

impacts (e.g.

factory fire/

flooding) disrupt

global supply for

critical inputs,

including network

equipment and

customer devices.

Increased global

weather events

increase

competition and

demand for

network spares.

Present in all

scenarios, but

most significant

under the

Hothouse

scenario

Increasing in

severity over

time, most

significant in the

30+ year time

horizon

Constrained supply of

network equipment

increases costs, limits

ability to respond to

reactive maintenance

needs, and slows

opportunities for

investment in new

technologies

We are engaging with our suppliers to

understand their climate risk processes and

critical failure points.

For critical inventory items and spares we

continually review our working capital levels

to hold appropriate levels of stock in-country.

Disruption to supply

chain for customer

devices (e.g. mobile

handsets, modems

etc.) limits ability to

serve customers,

impacting revenue,

brand, and reputation

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Risk description
Scenario where

risk is greatest

Time

horizon(s)

Potential impacts

(anticipated impacts

pre-mitigation)

Mitigations

(transition plan actions integrated into strategy)

Transition risk

Telecommunications

market disruption

Customers in rural or

vulnerable locations shift

to satellite or alternative

technologies

Present in all

scenarios

Already

happening to

a degree, likely

to increase to

be most

material in the

15-year time

horizon

Loss of customers in

rural and/or

vulnerable locations

to satellite providers

Technology evolution will continue to

influence the market. Over the short/

medium term it is clear that satellite can

complement telecommunications,

enabling customers to be served in areas

where it is uneconomic to provide mobile

connectivity or there is greater risk of

service disruption due to climate-related

events. Many people in remote locations

have already adopted satellite

broadband for non-climate reasons. We

are working in partnership with satellite

providers to provide satellite-enabled

services to our customers.

Over the long-term 30+ year horizon

there is lower certainty on the impact of

technology evolution on Spark.

Regulation and

government

intervention

Regulation of network

resilience standards,

coordination of managed

retreat

Most likely

under the

Orderly

scenario

Most likely in

the short-term

5-year horizon

Inflexible regulation

could mandate

inefficient investment

and reduce ability to

innovate and adapt to

evolving technologies,

e.g. satellite

We are engaging with local and central

Government to advocate for a coordinated

approach to adaptation and resilience with

clear cost benefit analysis supporting any

new standards.

For more detail refer to the Enhancing the

resilience of our network section on

page 42

Most likely

under the

Disorderly

scenario

Most likely in

the 15-year

time horizon

Uncoordinated

approach to managed

retreat may lead to

investment

uncertainty

Supply chain

disruption

Rapid adoption of

low-emissions

technologies disrupts

supply of input materials

to digital technologies

Most likely

under the

Orderly

scenario

Most likely in

the short-term

5-year horizon

Constrained supply of

network equipment

increases costs and

limits ability to

respond to reactive

maintenance needs,

also slowing

opportunities for

investment in new

technologies

We are engaging with our suppliers to

understand their climate risk processes

and critical failure points. For critical

inventory items and spares we work with

our suppliers and partners to ensure we

hold appropriate levels of stock in-country.

Most likely

under the

Disorderly

scenario

Most likely in

the 15-year

time horizon

Disruption to supply

chain for customer

devices (e.g. mobile

handsets, modems

etc.) limits ability to

serve customers,

impacting revenue,

brand and reputation

Transition risks

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Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Risk description
Scenario where

risk is greatest

Time

horizon(s)

Potential impacts

(anticipated impacts

pre-mitigation)

Mitigations

(transition plan actions integrated into strategy)

Transition risk (continued)

Economic

disruption

GDP reduction caused by

economic transformation

and climate events

Present across all scenarios and

time horizons, but most material

across the following:

Reduced revenue

caused by reduced

economic activity that

is unevenly

distributed across

customer sectors

We maintain a flexible business plan and

can adjust to shifting economic

conditions. We are planning for long-term

climate impacts across our customer base

by understanding exposure to high-risk

sectors and regions.

Disorderly due

to combined

transition and

physical

impacts

15-year

Hothouse due

to significant

long-term

physical

impacts

30+ year

Meeting

stakeholder

expectations

Increased investor,

customer, and

community expectations

drive behaviour change

and impact investment

opportunities

Most likely

under the

Orderly

scenario

Most likely in

the short-term

5-year horizon

Investors: shifting

capital to low-carbon,

low-risk organisations

that are well-

positioned for climate

transition and other

ESG risks

ESG is integrated into our business

strategy. We have a Sustainability

Framework that guides continual

improvement, and clearly established

governance frameworks with oversight at

the highest level, through our Board.

We have established a near-term

science-based emissions reduction target

for our scope 1 and 2 emissions, which

has been verified by the SBTi. This

establishes our own internal

decarbonisation pathway, which we are

making progress against, including our

10-year Power Purchase Agreement with

Genesis Energy that supports the

generation of new renewable energy in

New Zealand.

We benchmark our performance via the

Corporate Sustainability Assessment,

which informs the Dow Jones

Sustainability Index.

For more detail refer to our governance

and ESG management section on page 82.

Customers:

consumers and

business customers

shifting spend to

organisations aligned

to their climate

expectations and

broader sustainability

concerns

Renewable energy:

risk that insufficient

new renewable

energy generation

capacity limits data

centre growth

opportunities due to

customer

requirements and

national

decarbonisation

expectations

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Risk description
Scenario where

risk is greatest

Time

horizon(s)

Potential impacts

(anticipated impacts

pre-mitigation)

Mitigations

(transition plan actions integrated into strategy)

Transition risk (continued)

Access to capital

Disruption to global

markets limits access to

capital

Most

significant

under the

Hothouse

scenario

Not a

short-term risk.

Most

significant in

the 30+ year

time horizon

Limited access to

capital for future

investment

We are not a heavy emitting business, and

as outlined above, we have an approach

to ESG that drives continual improvement.

As a digital services company, we enable

climate mitigation and adaptation through

the services we provide.

We maintain a Capital Management

Framework that emphasises financial

strength and flexibility of the balance sheet

through an investment grade credit rating.

Climate-related opportunities

Risk description

Scenario where

risk is greatest

Time

horizon(s)

Potential impacts

(anticipated impacts

pre-mitigation)

Mitigations

(transition plan actions integrated into strategy)

Climate-related opportunities

Opportunity for

climate mitigation

services

Innovation and provision

of digital and high-tech

services that support

customers to become

more productive,

efficient, and sustainable.

Most

significant

under the

Orderly

scenario

Most

significant in

the 5 and

15-year

horizons

Increased revenue

from advanced and /

or converged digital

solutions

This opportunity is integrated into our

FY26 strategy. We have converged

technology use cases in trial with

customers. Our IoT business provides

solutions to customers that deliver

environmental benefits, with connections

and revenues continuing to grow

year-on-year.

We have completed research on the key

sectors where the greatest emissions

reduction opportunities lie. We have

partnered with NZTech to explore how to

integrate these opportunities into

New Zealand’s second Emissions

Reduction Plan.

Opportunities for

climate adaptation

services

Providing services to

enable customers to

adapt to climate change,

including environmental

monitoring to track

physical risks such as

flooding, wind, fire etc.

Present across all scenarios and

time horizons, but most material

across the following:

Increased revenue

from IoT and

monitoring services,

which monitor climate

risks

Our IoT business provides solutions to

customers that deliver environmental

benefits, with connections and revenues

continuing to grow year-on-year. In FY24

we bolstered our capability with the

acquisition of environmental IoT

company Adroit, which now forms part of

Spark IoT.

Disorderly15-year

Hothouse30+ year

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Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Climate risk management
Processes and tools for identifying,

assessing, and managing climate-

related risks and integration into

overall risk management

processes

Our climate scenario analysis is our primary

process for identifying new and emerging

risks and opportunities from climate

change. We completed our first climate

scenario analysis in FY21, the results of

which were published in our FY21 Annual

Report. The risks and opportunities

identified through this process have been

reviewed and approved annually by our

Board and Leadership Squad as part of

annual reporting processes. For FY24 we

refreshed our scenario analysis – see the

Climate Scenario Analysis section on

page 94 for more information on the

processes we have followed to identify and

assess risk, and the time horizons

considered by our analysis. Our analysis

included physical risk analysis and a

high-level quantification of potential

financial risks. As noted in the Strategy

section of these climate statements, the

scenario analysis process undertaken in

FY24 considered Spark's entire value chain.

Our climate scenario analysis is an input

into our overarching risk governance. Our

risk policy and framework are

benchmarked to COSO ERM 2017 (COSO),

a leading practice risk management

standard. We also use other leading risk

management standards like

ISO31000:2018 and specific standards and

guidance, where available, to benchmark

and inform our risk management practices.

Within our overarching risk framework, we

update our principal risk profiles twice a

year. Our risk framework is how we

prioritise different types of risks across the

organisation. This considers risks to Spark

delivering against its three-year strategy.

The materiality of risks is considered

against the likelihood of occurrence and

the scale of financial impact. ‘Maintaining a

resilient network’ is one of the principal

risks, which includes physical adaptation

risk to our networks, and risk in our network

supply chain, aligned to the physical risks

identified through our climate scenario

analysis. See our managing risk section

(page 88) for more detailed information on

how Spark manages principal risks.

To ensure linkage between all of our

sustainability/ESG risks (including climate

change) we include a summary of

sustainability risks in quarterly risk reporting

to our Board and Leadership Squad. This

lists our most material sustainability topics,

identified through our sustainability

materiality processes and our climate

scenario analysis. We also map these topics

across to our principal risks to show how

we have integrated emerging and

longer-term issues into our enterprise risk

management approach.

The timeframes for our climate scenario

analysis (5, 15 and 30+ years) extend

beyond the time horizons considered by

our principal risk assessment which is

aligned to our three-year strategy horizon.

For emerging risks that fall outside of the

principal risks described above, we identify

actions for managing those risks outside

the enterprise risk system. An example of

an action from previous climate risk

assessment is the research published into

the role of digital technology in supporting

emissions reductions (see page 47 for

more information).

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Climate metrics and targets
Climate-related metrics

The table below sets out our key climate-related metrics for FY24, by reference to the relevant paragraph of NZ CS 1. Outside of the metrics

below, Spark does not use any industry-based metrics or key performance indicators to measure and manage climate-related risks and

opportunities. We have included information relating to the methods, assumptions and uncertainties associated with the below metrics within

the table, with further detail of the methods, assumptions and uncertainties relating to our GHG emissions outlined in our GHG Inventory

Report. Deloitte provides limited assurance of the emissions included in the report, which is available here: https://investors.sparknz.co.nz/

investor-centre/?page=annual-reports

Metric categoryMetricNotes

22(a)(i) Scope 1 emissions (including

comparatives and analysis of trends)

FY24: 4,670 tCO

2

e

FY23: 2,694 tCO

2

e

FY22: 2,372 tCO

2

e

See our GHG Inventory Report for breakdown of

scope 1 emissions (page 15) and comparatives/

analysis of trends (pages 9, 10)

22(a)(ii) Scope 2 emissions (location-based)

(including comparatives and analysis of

trends)

FY24: 11,684 tCO

2

e

FY23: 10,301 tCO

2

e

FY22: 16,318 tCO

2

e

Using location-based method required by NZ CS 1.

See our GHG Inventory Report for breakdown of

scope 2 emissions (page 15) and comparatives/

analysis of trends (pages 9, 11)

Scope 2 emissions (market-based)

(including comparatives and analysis of

trends)

FY24: 12,204 tCO

2

e

FY23: 10,624 tCO

2

e

FY22: 16,609 tCO

2

e

Using market-based approach aligned to our

existing GHG reporting against our SBTi target. See

our GHG Inventory Report for breakdown of scope 2

emissions (page 15) and comparatives/analysis of

trends (pages 9, 11)

22(a)(iii) Scope 3 emissionsFY24: 397,290 tCO

2

eSee our GHG Inventory Report for breakdown of

scope 3 emissions (page 16) and comparatives/

analysis of trends for selected categories (page 13)

22(b) GHG emissions intensity 0.107 kgCO

2

e / $ revenue. Calculated as total scope 1, 2 (market-based) and 3

emissions divided by revenue.

22(c) Transition risks – amount or percentage

of assets or business activities

vulnerable to transition risks

Not quantifiable for

individual assets or

activities.

We have identified enterprise-wide transition risks,

with the most material risks related to medium/

long-term economy-wide economic impacts of

climate change. As such, these relate to the entire

Spark business rather than to an identifiable amount

or percentage of assets or business activities.

22(d) Physical risks – amount or percentage

of assets or business activities

vulnerable to physical risks

<2% of all sites identified

in physical risk analysis.

Refer to the Physical risk analysis section on page 95.

22(e) Climate-related opportunities: amount

of percentage of assets or business

activities aligned with climate related

opportunities

Not quantifiable for

individual assets or

activities.

It is not possible to distinguish climate-related

opportunities from broader telecommunications and

digital service assets and activities. Our infrastructure,

(e.g. mobile networks, data centres) supports

solutions aligned to climate-related opportunities, as

they enable technologies and services that deliver

climate mitigation and adaptation.

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Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Metric categoryMetricNotes
22(f) Capital deployment: amount of capital

expenditure, financing, or investment

deployed toward climate-related risks

and opportunities

Not quantifiableDue to the nature of our business the majority

of Spark’s capital expenditure is to build capacity,

coverage, or resilience of our infrastructure – all of

which contribute towards to both climate risk and

opportunity. For example, our investment in network

resilience, expanded mobile networks and data

centres.

22(g) Internal emissions price: price per

metric tonne of CO

2

e used

Range considered,

escalating over time:

$72.1-88.3 (2024)...

$100.0-144.0 (2030)...

We use a range of escalating emissions prices,

including an emissions price aligned to the Climate

Change Commission’s demonstration pathway, to

assess emissions reduction opportunities.

We have built indirect carbon cost into energy costs

models for investment analysis, incorporating

Renewable Energy Certificate (REC) costs into

lifecycle energy cost.

22(h) Management remuneration linked to

climate-related risks and opportunities

Refer to the Climate Governance section on page 91.

24(a)GHG measurement / reporting

standards

Our GHG Inventory report has been prepared in

accordance with The Greenhouse Gas Protocol:

A Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard

(2004) (‘the GHG Protocol’).

24(b)GHG consolidation approach Operational control

approach

A detailed description of consolidation approach is

available in on page 18 of our GHG Inventory

Report: ‘Appendix A: Organisational boundary’

24(c)Source of emissions factors and

GWP rates

A detailed list of emissions factor and greenhouse

warming potential (GWP) rate sources is available on

page 24 of our GHG Inventory Report: ‘Guidance

documents used in the preparation of Carbon

Footprint’.

24(d)Summary of specific exclusions from

emissions reporting

A detailed description of our reporting methodology

and approach is available in on pages 21–24 of our

GHG Inventory Report: ‘Appendix B: Operational

boundary’.

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Our emissions reduction target
Spark’s emissions reduction target received

verification by the Science Based Targets

initiative (SBTi) in 2021. SBTi targets must

have a strict absolute reduction target for

scope 1 and 2 emissions, and also include

a separate scope 3 target if these emissions

are greater than 40% of the total footprint.

SBTi targets are set against sector-specific

emissions trajectories. The ICT sector

pathways were developed with the

International Telecommunications Union

(ITU) based on projected growth and

efficiency gains. The wording of SBTi

targets are set and verified by the Science

Based Targets initiative, and follow a

common format requiring companies to

‘commit’ to the target that has been

established. For Spark this is as follows:

• Spark New Zealand commits to reduce

absolute scope 1 and 2 GHG emissions

56% by 2030 from a FY2020 base year.

• Spark New Zealand commits that 70%

of its suppliers by spend covering

purchased goods and services and

capital goods, will have SBTi-aligned

targets in place by 2026.

This means Spark is committed to pursuing

this target and we are working towards it.

For clarity, this is not a guarantee that we

will meet this target.

Our scope 1 and 2 target has been verified

by SBTi as in line with a 1.5 degree

pathway. Our supplier target is an

engagement target, which means that it

does not directly require us to reduce our

emissions, but indirectly contributes to

limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees by

requiring us to engage with our suppliers

in relation to setting their own science-

based targets.

To achieve our target, we are pursuing

emissions reductions within our direct

value chain. Spark does not intend to use

carbon offsets to achieve our target. This

approach aligns to SBTi rules which do not

allow carbon offsets to be counted against

emission targets. This target is a near-term

target to FY30, and a first step towards

establishing a long-term target contributing

to New Zealand’s net-zero ambition to

2050, which we plan to explore in the

coming year. Further information on our

SBTi target is available on page 48 of this

report, together with a description of our

performance against the target.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

105

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Financial statements
Financial statements

106

Notes to the financial statements

111

Section 1 - General information

1.1About this report111

1.2Key estimates and assumptions111

1.3Significant transactions and events112

Section 2 - Financial performance information

2.1Segment information

113

2.2Operating revenues and other gains

114

2.3Operating expenses

117

2.4Finance income, finance expense, depreciation,

amortisation and net investment income

118

2.5Non-GAAP measures

119

Section 3 – Assets

3 .1Receivables and prepayments

121

3.2Inventories

124

3.3Long-term investments

125

3.4Right-of-use assets

126

3.5Leased customer equipment assets

127

3.6Property, plant and equipment

128

3.7Intangible assets

130

3.8Net tangible assets

131

Section 4 – Liabilities and equity

4 .1Payables, accruals and provisions

132

4.2Lease liabilities

133

4.3Debt

135

4.4Capital risk management

136

4.5Equity and dividends

137

Section 5 – Financial instruments

5 .1Derivatives and hedge accounting

139

5.2Financial risk management

143

Section 6 – Other information

6 .1Income tax

146

6.2Employee share schemes

148

6.3Related party transactions

149

6.4Subsidiaries

150

6.5Reconciliation of net earnings to net cash flows from

operating activities

151

6.6Commitments and contingencies

151

Independent auditor’s report

152

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Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income
YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE

20242023

NOTES$M$M

Operating revenues and other gains

1

2.2 3,861 4,491

Operating expenses

1

2.3 (2,698) (2,769)

Earnings before finance income and expense, income tax, depreciation, amortisation and net

investment income (EBITDAI)2.5 1,163 1,722

Finance income2.4 30 32

Finance expense2.4 (144) (99)

Depreciation and amortisation2.4 (527) (504)

Net investment income

1

2.4 (8) 1

Net earnings before income tax 514 1,152

Income tax expense

1

6.1 (198) (17)

Net earnings 316 1,135

Other comprehensive income

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:

Revaluation of long–term investments designated at fair value through other comprehensive

income3.3 (20) (44)

Items that may be reclassified to profit or loss:

Translation of foreign operations (1) –

Change in hedge reserves net of tax5.1 1 2

Other comprehensive income (20) (42)

Total comprehensive income 296 1,093

Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share (cents)

1

17.3 60.7

Diluted earnings per share (cents)

1

17.3 60.6

Weighted average ordinary shares (millions) – used for basic earning per share 1,825 1,870

Dilutive potential ordinary share (options) – 3

Weighted average ordinary shares (millions) – used for diluted earnings per share 1,825 1,873

See accompanying notes to the financial statements.

1 The 2023 comparative items were materially impacted by the Connexa transactions and the Spark Sport provision, see note 2.5 for further details.

Financial statements

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Statement of financial position
AS AT

30 JUNE 2024

AS AT

30 JUNE 2023

NOTES$M$M

Current assets

Cash 59 100

Short–term receivables and prepayments3.1 915 899

Short–term derivative assets5.1 1 1

Inventories3.2 89 79

Taxation recoverable 6 –

Total current assets 1,070 1,079

Non–current assets

Long-term receivables and prepayments3.1 515 432

Long-term derivative assets5.1 25 27

Long-term investments3.3 206 254

Deferred tax assets6.1 17 55

Right-of-use assets3.4 487 488

Leased customer equipment assets3.5 70 77

Property, plant and equipment3.6 1,394 1,264

Intangible assets3.7 851 806

Total non–current assets 3,565 3,403

Total assets 4,635 4,482

Current liabilities

Short-term payables, accruals and provisions4.1 550 507

Taxation payable – 25

Short-term derivative liabilities5.1 – 4

Short-term lease liabilities4.2 96 78

Debt due within one year4.3 414 236

Total current liabilities 1,060 850

Non–current liabilities

Long-term payables, accruals and provisions4.1 56 82

Long-term derivative liabilities5.1 78 94

Long-term lease liabilities4.2 646 700

Long-term debt4.3 1,205 816

Total non–current liabilities 1,985 1,692

Total liabilities 3,045 2,542

Equity

Share capital 810 965

Reserves (414) (396)

Retained earnings 1,194 1,371

Total equity 1,590 1,940

Total liabilities and equity 4,635 4,482

See accompanying notes to the financial statements.

On behalf of the Board

Justine Smyth, CNZM Jolie Hodson, MNZM

Chair Chief Executive

Authorised for issue on 23 August 2024

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Statement of changes in equity
SHARE

CAPITAL

RETAINED

EARNINGS

HEDGE

RESERVES

SHARE–BASED

COMPEN–

SATION

RESERVE

REVALUATION

RESERVE

FOREIGN

CURRENCY

TRANSLATION

RESERVETOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024NOTES$M$M$M$M$M$M$M

Balance at 1 July 2023 965 1,371 11 2 (387) (22) 1,940

Net earnings – 316 – – – – 316

Other comprehensive income – – 1 – (20) (1) (20)

Total comprehensive income – 316 1 – (20) (1) 296

Contributions by, and distributions to, owners:

Dividends1.3, 4.5 – (494) – – – – (494)

Supplementary dividends – (48) – – – – (48)

Tax credit on supplementary dividends – 48 – – – – 48

Share buy-back1.3 (159) – – – – – (159)

Issuance of shares under share schemes 4 – – 3 – – 7

Other transfers – 1 – (1) – – –

Total transactions with owners (155) (493) – 2 – – (646)

Balance at 30 June 2024 810 1,194 12 4 (407) (23) 1,590

SHARE

CAPITAL

RETAINED

EARNINGS

HEDGE

RESERVES

SHARE–BASED

COMPEN–

SATION

RESERVE

REVALUATION

RESERVE

FOREIGN

CURRENCY

TRANSLATION

RESERVETOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023NOTES$M$M$M$M$M$M$M

Balance at 1 July 2022 1,105 722 8 5 (343) (22) 1,475

Net earnings – 1,135 – – – – 1,135

Other comprehensive income – – 2 – (44) – (42)

Total comprehensive income – 1,135 2 – (44) – 1,093

Contributions by, and distributions to, owners:

Dividends4.5 – (486) – – – – (486)

Supplementary dividends – (50) – – – – (50)

Tax credit on supplementary dividends – 50 – – – – 50

Share buy-back1.3, 4.5 (146) – – – – – (146)

Issuance of shares under share schemes 4 – – (3) – – 1

Other transfers 2 – 1 – – – 3

Total transactions with owners (140) (486) 1 (3) – – (628)

Balance at 30 June 2023 965 1,371 11 2 (387) (22) 1,940

See accompanying notes to the financial statements.

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Statement of cash flows
YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE

20242023

NOTES$M$M

Cash flows from operating activities

Receipts from customers 3,711 3,790

Receipts from interest 28 29

Payments to suppliers and employees (2,653) (2,730)

Payments for income tax (189) (190)

Payments for interest on debt (80) (55)

Payments for interest on leases (46) (37)

Payments for interest on leased customer equipment assets (7) (7)

Net cash flows from operating activities6.5 764 800

Cash flows from investing activities

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment 34 11

Proceeds from sale of business

1

4 893

Proceeds from long-term investments 7 –

Receipts from finance leases 1 3

Receipts from loans receivable 10 11

Payments for purchase of business, net of cash acquired (5) –

Payments for, and advances to, long-term investments (1) (3)

Payments for purchase of property, plant and equipment, intangibles (excluding spectrum)

and capacity (582) (475)

Payments for purchase of spectrum intangible assets (8) (6)

Payments for capitalised interest (10) (9)

Net cash flows from investing activities (550) 425

Cash flows from financing activities

Net proceeds from/(repayments of) debt4.4 510 (463)

Payments for dividends4.5 (494) (486)

Payments for share buy-back1.3 (159) (146)

Payments for leases (78) (64)

Payments for leased customer equipment assets (34) (37)

Net cash flows from financing activities (255) (1,196)

Net cash flows (41) 29

Opening cash position 100 71

Closing cash position 59 100

See accompanying notes to the financial statements.

1 The 2023 comparative was the net cash flow on the sale of Connexa.

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1
Section 1

General

information

1.1 About this report

Reporting entity

These financial statements are for Spark New Zealand Limited (the

Company) and its subsidiaries (together Spark or the Group).

Spark is a major supplier of telecommunications and digital

services in New Zealand. Spark provides a full range of

telecommunications, information technology, media and other

digital products and services, including: mobile services;

broadband services; IT products; IT services; voice services;

procurement and partner services; high-tech and data centres.

The Company is incorporated and domiciled in New Zealand,

registered under the Companies Act 1993 and is an FMC reporting

entity under the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013. The

Company is listed on the New Zealand Stock Exchange (NZX) and

the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) and the address of its

registered office is Spark City, 167 Victoria Street West, Auckland

1010, New Zealand.

Basis of preparation

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with

Generally Accepted Accounting Practice in New Zealand (NZ

GAAP). They comply with New Zealand equivalents to IFRS

Accounting Standards (NZ IFRS) and other applicable Financial

Reporting Standards, as appropriate for profit-oriented entities.

The financial statements also comply with IFRS Accounting

Standards (IFRS).

The measurement basis adopted in the preparation of these

financial statements is historical cost, modified by the revaluation of

certain investments and financial instruments, as identified in the

accompanying notes. These financial statements are expressed in

New Zealand dollars, which is Spark's functional and presentation

currency. All financial information has been rounded to the nearest

million, unless otherwise stated. Certain comparative information

has been updated to conform with the current year's presentation.

The material accounting policies applied in the preparation of

these financial statements are set out in the accompanying notes

where an accounting policy choice is provided by NZ IFRS. A policy

is also included when it is new, has changed, is specific to Spark's

operations or is material. Where NZ IFRS does not provide an

accounting policy choice, Spark has applied the requirements of

NZ IFRS but a detailed accounting policy is not included.

New and amended standards

NZ IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts (NZ IFRS 17), is effective for FY24

and while Spark does have subsidiaries which provide insurance,

this is not material to the Group, therefore there is no material impact

on these financial statements from the adoption of NZ IFRS 17.

NZ IFRS 18 Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements (NZ

IFRS 18) will replace NZ IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements

and may have a material impact on Spark’s disclosures. NZ IFRS 18

has been issued but is not yet effective until periods commencing

on or after 1 January 2027.  

NZ IFRS 18 sets out the requirements for the presentation and

disclosure of information in financial statements, and will not

change net profit reported, but how results are presented on the

statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income and

what information is disclosed in the notes. Spark is yet to determine

the disclosure impacts of this standard and whether it will adopt it

prior to the year ending 30 June 2028. The key changes of NZ IFRS

18 are expected to be:

• A more structured statement of profit or loss and other

comprehensive income, including new subtotals, and income

and expenses classified into three categories (operating,

investing and financing).

• Non-GAAP, management performance measures are required to

be disclosed in the financial statements and subject to audit.

• New disclosures are required for items currently labelled as

‘other’, with enhanced guidance on how to group information

within the financial statements.

1.2 Key estimates and assumptions

The preparation of these financial statements requires

Management to make estimates and assumptions. These affect the

amounts of reported revenues and expenses and the measurement

of assets and liabilities as at 30 June. Actual results could differ

from these estimates.

The principal areas of judgement and estimation for Spark in

preparing these financial statements are found in the following

notes:

• Note 2.2 Operating revenues and other gains

• Note 3.1 Receivables and prepayments

• Note 3.4 Right-of-use assets

• Note 3.6 Property, plant and equipment

• Note 3.7 Intangible assets

• Note 4.2 Lease liabilities

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: GENErAL INFOrMATION
1.3 Significant transactions and events

The following significant transactions and events affected the

financial performance and financial position of Spark for the year

ended 30 June 2024 or subsequent to balance date:

Share buy-back (see note 4.5)

• On 6 April 2023, Spark commenced an on-market share

buy-back, which was further extended on 8 April 2024. The

shares were acquired on the NZX and ASX, at prices in line with

the prevailing market price from time to time during the period

of the buy-back. As at 30 June 2024, 60 million shares with a

value of $305 million had been repurchased and cancelled

under the scheme. In the year ended 30 June 2024, 32 million

shares with a value of $159 million were repurchased. The last

purchase was made in December 2023. The on-market share

buy-back programme has now been withdrawn.

Dividends (see note 4.5)

• Dividends paid during the year ended 30 June 2024 in relation

to the H2 FY23 second-half dividend (ordinary dividend of

13.5 cents per share) and H1 FY24 first-half dividend (ordinary

dividend of 13.5 cents per share) totalled $494 million or

27.0 cents per share.

Debt programme (see note 4.3)

• On 27 October 2023, Spark extended the term of its

$200 million committed revolving Sustainability-Linked Loan

facility with Westpac New Zealand Limited by three years, to

mature on 30 November 2026.

• On 7 March 2024, $125 million of unsecured, unsubordinated

fixed-rate bonds with a coupon rate of 3.37% matured.

• On 18 March 2024 Spark issued two series of unsecured,

unsubordinated fixed-rate bonds; $125 million with a coupon

rate of 5.21%, maturing on 18 September 2029, and $175 million

with a coupon rate of 5.45%, maturing on 18 September 2031.

• On 29 April 2024, Spark extended the term of its $200 million

committed standby revolving credit facility provided through

participating Australasian and global banks by one year, to

mature on 30 April 2027.

• On 30 May 2024, Spark established a $100 million committed

revolving facility with Bank of New Zealand, maturing on

30 May 2025.

Long-term investments (see note 3.3)

• The fair value of Spark's investment in Hutchinson

Telecommunications Australia Limited decreased by $20 million

during the year due to a decrease in its quoted share price from

AU$0.042 to AU$0.028. The change in fair value is recognised

within other comprehensive income.

• Spark contributed no further equity to its Southern Cross

investment during FY24. Southern Cross has now fully repaid its

shareholder loan, with $10 million received in FY24, and Spark

received an additional $7 million in FY24 in the form of a capital

reduction.

Capital expenditure (see notes 2.5, 3.4, 3.6 and 3.7)

• Spark's additions to property, plant and equipment, intangible

assets (excluding spectrum) and capacity right-of-use assets

were $518 million, details of which are provided in notes 2.5, 3.4,

3.6 and 3.7 and on page 17 of this Annual Report.

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2
Section 2 Financial performance

information

2.1 Segment information

The segment results disclosed are based on those reported to the Chief Executive and are how Spark reviews its performance.

Spark's segments are measured based on product margin, which includes product operating revenues and direct product costs. The

segment results exclude other gains, labour, other operating expenses, finance income and expense, depreciation and amortisation, net

investment income and income tax expense, as these are assessed at an overall Group level by the Chief Executive.

Comparative segment results

Spark has reclassified the comparative segment results to:

• Redistribute certain revenues between two new categories IT products (previously cloud, collaboration, managed data and networks)

and IT services (previously service management and security)

• Move Qrious, Internet of Things, and MATTR from other products into a new high-tech category

• Split data centres out from cloud, and split co-location out from other products to create a combined data centres category.

There is no change to the overall Spark reported result because of these changes.

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE

OPERATING

REVENUES

$M

PRODUCT

COSTS

$M

PRODUCT

MARGIN

$M

OPERATING

REVENUES

$M

PRODUCT

COSTS

$M

PRODUCT

MARGIN

$M

Mobile 1,474 (484) 990 1,470 (486) 984

Procurement and partners 548 (483) 65 584 (517) 67

Broadband 613 (325) 288 626 (328) 298

IT products 527 (252) 275 509 (230) 279

Voice 180 (81) 99 231 (98) 133

IT services 165 (43) 122 194 (33) 161

High-tech 79 (34) 45 65 (19) 46

Data centres 37 (2) 35 24 (2) 22

Other products

1

136 (45) 91 172 (89) 83

Segment results 3,759 (1,749) 2,010 3,875 (1,802) 2,073

1 See note 2.2 for a description of other products.

Reconciliation from segment product margin to consolidated net earnings before income tax

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE $M$M

Segment product margin 2,0102,073

Other gains 102616

Labour (512)(511)

Other operating expenses

2

(437)(456)

Earnings before finance income and expense, income tax, depreciation, amortisation and net

investment income (EBITDAI) 1,1631,722

Finance income 3032

Finance expense (144)(99)

Depreciation and amortisation (527)(504)

Net investment income (8)1

Net earnings before income tax 5141,152

2 See note 2.3 for a break down of other operating expenses.

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: FINANCIAL pErFOrMANCE INFOrMATION
2.2 Operating revenues and other gains

The accounting policies specific to Spark’s operating revenues are outlined below:

Contracts with customers

Spark records revenue from contracts with customers in accordance with the five steps in NZ IFRS 15:

1. Identify the contract with a customer

2. Identify the performance obligations in the contract

3. Determine the transaction price, which is the total consideration provided by the customer

4. Allocate the transaction price amount to the performance obligations in the contract based on their relative stand-alone selling prices

5. Recognise revenue when or as the performance obligation is satisfied.

Spark often provides products and services in bundled arrangements (for example, a broadband modem together with a broadband

service). Where multiple products or services are sold in a single arrangement, revenue is recognised in relation to each distinct good or

service. A product or service is distinct where, amongst other criteria, a customer can benefit from it on its own or together with other

resources that are readily available. Revenue is allocated to each distinct product or service in proportion to its stand-alone selling price

and recognised when, or as, control is transferred to the customer.

Generally, control for products is transferred and revenue recognised at the point in time it is delivered to the customer and for services,

control is transferred, and revenue recognised, over time as the service is provided. Revenue for performance obligations satisfied over

time is recognised using the 'resources consumed by customers' method or the 'time-elapsed' method, as these best depict the transfer

of goods or services to customers.

Performance obligations, where Spark acts as an agent, includes some third-party media services and certain cloud, security and service

management contracts. Contracts with a significant financing component include those that have goods that were purchased on interest-

free payment terms of greater than 12 months.

The nature of the various performance obligations in our contracts with customers and when revenue is recognised is outlined below:

PERFORMANCE OBLIGATIONS

FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

TIMING OF SATISFACTION

OF THE PERFORMANCE OBLIGATION AND PAYMENT

Mobile services, broadband services, media services, cloud,

security and service management services, managed data services

and rental of equipment

As the service is provided (usually monthly). Generally billed and

paid on a monthly basis.

Usage, other optional or non-subscription services, and pay-per-

use services

As the service is provided. Generally billed and paid on a monthly

basis.

Fixed modems, mobile handsets and other distinct goodsWhen control is passed to the customer, generally when the

customer takes possession of the goods. For goods sold in packages

or on interest-free terms, customers usually pay in equal instalments

over 6 to 36 months.

Installation or set-up services (where distinct)As the service is provided. Generally billed and paid following the

provision of the service.

Network infrastructureAs the goods or services are provided. Generally billed when

milestones are completed and revenue recognised when the

milestones are completed or once control of goods passes to the

customer.

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2
2.2 Operating revenues and other gains (continued)

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE $M$M

Operating revenues

Mobile 1,474 1,470

Procurement and partners 548 584

Broadband 613 626

IT products 527 509

Voice 180 231

IT services 165 194

High-tech 79 65

Data centres 37 24

Other products 136 172

3,759 3,875

Other gains

Net gain on sale of Connexa – 583

Gain on sale and acquisition of property, plant and equipment 62 20

Gain on lease modifications and terminations 36 13

Gain on sale of long-term business 4 –

102 616

Total operating revenues and other gains 3,861 4,491

Other products

Included in other products is revenue from mobile infrastructure, exchange building sharing arrangements and Spark Sport (in the

comparative).

Other gains

In the year ended 30 June 2024, other gains comprise gains on the sale of property, plant and equipment, together with the fair value of

vendor funded equipment to support revenue growth opportunities (primarily in relation to mobile and data centre network equipment

and other assets) of $62 million, gains from lease modifications and terminations of $36 million (primarily relates to mobile sites), and gain

on sale of long-term business of $4 million.

In the year ended 30 June 2023, other gains included the net gain on sale of Connexa of $583 million, gain on the sale and acquisition of

property, plant and equipment (primarily in relation to mobile and data centre network equipment and other assets of $20 million), and

gains from lease modifications and terminations of $13 million.

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: FINANCIAL pErFOrMANCE INFOrMATION
2.2 Operating revenues and other gains (continued)

Key estimates and assumptions

Determining the transaction price

Determining the transaction price of Spark’s contracts requires judgement in estimating the amount of revenue we expect to be

entitled to for delivering the performance obligations within a contract. The transaction price is the amount of consideration that

is enforceable and to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for the goods and services we have promised to our customer.

We determine the transaction price by considering the terms of the contract and business practices that are customary within

that product, as well as adjusting the transaction price for estimated variable consideration and for any effects of the time value

of money. The 'expected value' or 'most likely' amount methods are used to determine variable consideration and any amount

where it is determined that it is highly probable a revenue reversal will not subsequently occur is included in the transaction

price. In making this determination consideration is given to the likelihood and potential magnitude of the revenue reversal, as

well as factors outside of Spark’s influence, the time when the uncertainty is expected to be resolved and Spark’s experience with

similar types of contracts. Judgement is required to determine the discount rate underlying any time value of money calculations,

as well as whether the financing component in a contract is significant. Discounts, rebates, refunds, credits, price concessions,

incentives, penalties and other similar items are reflected in the transaction price at contract inception.

Determining the stand-alone selling price and the allocation of the transaction price

Determining the stand-alone selling price of performance obligations and the allocation of the transaction price between

performance obligations involves judgement. The transaction price is allocated to performance obligations based on the relative

stand-alone selling prices of the distinct goods or services in the contract. The best evidence of a stand-alone selling price is the

observable price of a good or service when the entity sells that good or service separately in similar circumstances and to similar

customers. If a stand-alone selling price is not directly observable, we estimate the stand-alone selling price taking into account

reasonably available information relating to the market conditions, entity-specific factors and the class of customer. In

determining the stand-alone selling price, we allocate revenue between performance obligations based on expected minimum

enforceable amounts to which Spark is entitled. Any amounts above the minimum enforceable amounts are recognised as

revenue as they are earned.

Distinct goods and services

We make judgements in determining whether a promise to deliver goods or services is considered distinct. We account for

individual products and services separately if they are distinct (i.e. if a product or service is separately identifiable from other

items in the bundled package and if the customer can benefit from it). The consideration is allocated between separate products

and services in a bundle based on their stand-alone selling prices.

Timing of satisfaction of performance obligations

We make judgements in determining whether performance obligations are satisfied over time or at a point in time, as well as the

methods used for measuring progress towards completed satisfaction of performance obligations. Refer to page 114 for Spark's

accounting policy on timing of satisfaction of performance obligations.

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2
2.3 Operating expenses

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

Product costs 1,749 1,802

Labour 512 511

Other operating expenses

Network support costs 73 65

Computer costs 115 109

Accommodation costs 96 83

Advertising, promotions and communication 54 56

Bad debts 15 9

Spark Sport provision 1 54

Other 83 80

Total other operating expenses 437 456

Total operating expenses 2,698 2,769

Cost of inventories recognised as an expense

The cost of inventories recognised as an expense in relation to broadband modems, mobile devices and other accessories was

$354 million (30 June 2023: $376 million). In the prior year, before Spark Sport was withdrawn from service, a content rights amortisation

charge of $26 million was recognised in operating expenses.

Lease expenses

Expenses relating to short-term leases and leases of low-value assets were $7 million (30 June 2023: $6 million).

Donations

Donations for the year ended 30 June 2024 were $2,181,000 and comprised Spark's donation to Spark Foundation of $2,099,000

and payroll giving and other donations of $82,000 (30 June 2023: $1,767,000, comprised Spark's donation to the Spark Foundation of

$1,635,000 and other donations of $132,000). Spark made no donations to political parties in the years ended 30 June 2024 or

30 June 2023.

Auditor’s remuneration

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$’000$’000

Audit of financial statements

Audit and review of financial statements

1

1,283 1,142

Other services

Regulatory audit work

2

62 58

Other assurance services

3

44 35

Other non–assurance services

4

17 17

Total fees paid to auditor 1,406 1,252

1 The audit fee includes fees for both the annual audit of the financial statements and the review of the interim financial statements.

2 Regulatory audit work consists of the audit of telecommunications-related regulatory disclosures and reporting on solvency returns.

3 Other assurance services relate to assurance over the Group's greenhouse gas emissions.

4 Other non-assurance services relate to administrative and other advisory services for the Corporate Taxpayer Group of which Spark, alongside a number of

organisations, is a member.

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Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: FINANCIAL pErFOrMANCE INFOrMATION
2.4 Finance income, finance expense, depreciation, amortisation

and net investment income

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNENOTES$M$M

Finance income

Finance lease interest income 8 8

Other interest income 22 24

30 32

Finance expense

Finance expense on debt (75) (50)

Lease interest expense4.2 (48) (39)

Leased customer equipment interest expense (8) (7)

Other interest and finance expenses (23) (12)

(154) (108)

Plus: interest capitalised

1

10 9

(144) (99)

Depreciation and amortisation expense

Depreciation – property, plant and equipment3.6 (235) (227)

Depreciation – right–of–use assets3.4 (89) (75)

Depreciation – leased customer equipment assets3.5 (33) (36)

Amortisation – intangible assets3.7 (170) (166)

(527) (504)

Net investment income

Share of associates' and joint ventures' net losses

2

3.3 (17) (16)

Interest income on loans receivable from associates and joint ventures 12 8

Impairment of investments (2) -

Net disposal and remeasurement of equity-accounted investments

2

(1) 9

(8) 1

1 Interest was capitalised on property, plant and equipment and intangible assets under development for the year ended 30 June 2024 at an annualised rate of 5.7% (30

June 2023: 4.3%).

2 Included within share of associates' and joint ventures' net losses in the 2023 comparative is $4 million of transaction costs incurred by Connexa in relation to the

2degrees transaction which diluted Spark's investment in the Connexa group. Therefore, this and the net gain on remeasurement of equity accounted investments

represent the net gain on dilution of the investment in the Connexa group which is excluded from the comparative adjusted result in note 2.5.

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2.5 Non–GAAp measures

Spark uses non-GAAP financial measures that are not prepared in accordance with NZ IFRS. Spark believes that these non-GAAP financial

measures provide useful information to readers to assist in the understanding of the financial performance, financial position or returns of

Spark. These measures are also used internally to evaluate performance of products, to analyse trends in cash-based expenses, to

establish operational goals and allocate resources. However, they should not be viewed in isolation, nor considered as a substitute for

measures reported in accordance with NZ IFRS, as they are not uniformly defined or utilised by all companies in New Zealand or the

telecommunications industry.

Earnings before finance income and expense, income tax, depreciation, amortisation and net investment income

(EBITDAI)

Spark calculates EBITDAI by adding back finance expense, depreciation and amortisation and income tax expense, subtracting finance

income and adjusting for net investment income (which includes Spark’s share of net profits or losses from associates and joint ventures,

interest income on loans receivable from associates and joint ventures, net gain on remeasurement of equity accounted investments and

dividend income) to net earnings. A reconciliation of Spark’s EBITDAI is provided below and based on amounts taken from, and consistent

with, those presented in these financial statements.

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

Net earnings reported under NZ IFRS 316 1,135

Less: finance income (30) (32)

Add back: finance expense 144 99

Add back: depreciation and amortisation 527 504

Add/(Less): net investment income 8 (1)

Add back: income tax expense 198 17

EBITDAI 1,163 1,722

Adjusted EBITDAI and adjusted net earnings

Spark’s policy is to present ‘adjusted EBITDAI’ and ‘adjusted net earnings’ when a financial year includes significant items (such as gains,

expenses and impairments) individually greater than $25 million. In the year ended 30 June 2024, the tax effects resulting from the

zero-rating of tax depreciation on buildings effective for Spark from 1 July 2024 of $26 million was deemed a significant item to adjust.

In the year ended 30 June 2023, the net gain on sale of Connexa of $583 million together with the subsequent $5 million net gain arising

from the dilution of the investment in the Connexa group and the one off provision of $54 million for Spark Sport were deemed significant

items to adjust.

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

EBITDAI 1,163 1,722

Less: net gain on sale of Connexa– (583)

Add: Spark Sport provision– 54

Adjusted EBITDAI 1,163 1,193

Net earnings reported under NZ IFRS 316 1,135

Less: net gain on sale of Connexa – (583)

Add: Spark Sport provision – 54

Less: net gain on dilution of the investment in the Connexa group

1

– (5)

Less: tax effect of net gain on sale of Connexa, Spark Sport provision and dilution of the investment in the

Connexa group – (168)

Add: tax effects resulting from the zero-rating of tax depreciation on buildings effective for Spark from

1 July 2024 26 –

Adjusted net earnings 342 433

1 This includes the net gain on remeasurement of equity accounted investments, less costs associated with the transaction recognised in share of associates' and joint

ventures' net losses. See note 2.4 for more details.

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Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: FINANCIAL pErFOrMANCE INFOrMATION
2.5 Non–GAAp measures (continued)

Capital expenditure

Capital expenditure is the additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets (excluding spectrum, goodwill, acquisitions,

assets fully funded by customers or vendors and other non-cash additions that may be required by NZ IFRS, such as decommissioning

costs) and additions to capacity right-of-use assets where such additions are paid up front.

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNENOTES$M$M

Additions to property, plant and equipment3.6 387 379

Additions to intangible assets3.7 213 133

Additions to capacity right-of-use assets3.4 10 25

Total additions 610 537

Less: assets fully funded by customers or vendors3.6, 3.7 (50) (22)

Less: spectrum additions3.7 (23) –

Less: addition to intangible assets on acquisition

1

3.7 (11) –

Less: other (8) –

Capital expenditure 518 515

1 Acquisition of Adroit Holdings Limited and Circle Investments Limited in FY24.

Net debt

Net debt at hedged rates, the primary net debt measure Spark monitors, includes long-term debt at the value of hedged cash flows due to

arise on maturity, plus debt due within one year, less any cash. Net debt at carrying value includes the non-cash impact of fair value hedge

adjustments and any unamortised discount.

Net debt at hedged rates is a non-GAAP measure and is not defined in accordance with NZ IFRS but is a measure used by management.

A reconciliation of net debt at hedged rates and net debt at carrying value is provided in note 4.4.

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Section 3 Assets

3.1 receivables and prepayments

20242023

AS AT 30 JUNE$M$M

Short-term receivables and prepayments

Trade receivables 431 410

Short-term prepayments 135 154

Short-term unbilled revenue 276 261

Short-term contract assets 2 2

Short-term contract costs 47 42

Short-term finance lease receivables 6 9

Other short-term receivables 18 21

915 899

Long-term receivables and prepayments

Long-term unbilled revenue 111 95

Long-term prepayments 66 6

Long-term contract costs 91 98

Long-term finance lease receivables 75 74

Long-term loans receivable 166 159

Other long-term receivables 6 –

515 432

Amounts are stated at their net carrying value, including expected credit loss allowance provisions. The fair value of finance lease

receivables is estimated to be $72 million (30 June 2023: $75 million) and the carrying amount of all other receivables, measured at

amortised cost, are approximately equivalent to their fair value.

Contract assets

Contract assets primarily relate to Spark's rights to consideration for performance obligations delivered but not billed at the reporting

date. Contract assets are transferred to receivables when the rights become unconditional.

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Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: ASSETS
3.1 receivables and prepayments (continued)

Contract costs

Contract costs include costs to obtain a contract and costs to fulfil a contract. These costs are expected to be recovered and are therefore

initially deferred to the statement of financial position and then recognised within operating expenses on a systematic basis that is

consistent with the transfer to the customer of the goods or services to which the asset relates. The following summarises changes in those

balances:

20242023

COSTS TO

OBTAIN A

CONTRACT

COSTS TO

FULFIL A

CONTRACTTOTAL

COSTS TO

OBTAIN A

CONTRACT

COSTS TO

FULFIL A

CONTRACTTOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNENOTES$M$M$M$M$M$M

Opening balance as at 1 July 21 119 140 17 91 108

Additions 13 52 65 10 61 71

Transferred to leased customer equipment assets3.5 – (4) (4) – – –

Transferred to intangible assets3.7 – (4) (4) – – –

Transferred to property, plant and equipment3.6–(1)(1)–––

Amortisation recognised in operating expenses (8) (50) (58) (6) (33) (39)

Closing balance as at 30 June 26 112 138 21 119 140

Short-term contract costs 6 41 47 4 38 42

Long-term contract costs 20 71 91 17 81 98

Key estimates and assumptions

Determining the costs incurred to obtain or fulfil a contract that meet the deferral criteria within NZ IFRS 15 requires significant

judgement. Further, where such costs can be deferred, determining the appropriate amortisation period to recognise the costs

within operating expenses requires management judgement, including assessing the expected average customer tenure for

consumer customers and the expected contract term for enterprise customers.

Expected credit loss allowance provision

Movements in the loss allowance provision are as follows:

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

Opening balance as at 1 July 17 15

Charged to costs and expenses 17 11

Bad debts recovered (2) (2)

Utilised(12)(7)

Closing balance as at 30 June20 17

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3.1 receivables and prepayments (continued)

Spark has applied the simplified approach to providing for expected credit losses, which requires the recognition of a lifetime expected

loss provision for short-term: trade receivables, unbilled revenue, contract assets, contract costs, finance lease receivables and loans

receivable. The calculation of the allowance provision incorporates Spark's previous collection history and forward-looking information,

such as forecasted economic conditions.

The expected credit loss allowance provision has been determined as follows:

CURRENT≤ 1 MONTH> 1 MONTHTOTAL

AS AT 30 JUNE 2024$M$M$M$M

Expected loss rate1.2%1.4%8.8%1.6%

Gross carrying amount 1,107 74 68 1,249

Expected credit loss allowance provision 13 1 6 20

Short-term loss allowance provision 8 1 6 15

Long-term loss allowance provision 5 – – 5

AS AT 30 JUNE 2023$M$M$M$M

Expected loss rate1.1%1.7%9.5%1.4%

Gross carrying amount 1,087 59 42 1,188

Expected credit loss allowance provision 12 1 4 17

Short-term loss allowance provision 8 1 4 13

Long-term loss allowance provision 4 – – 4

The composition of the credit loss allowance provision between receivable types is as follows:

20242023

AS AT 30 JUNE$M$M

Trade receivables 8 7

Unbilled revenue 7 6

Contract assets and contract costs 3 2

Finance lease receivables 1 1

Loans receivable 1 1

Expected credit loss allowance provision 20 17

The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off (either partially or in full) to the extent that there is no realistic prospect of

recovery. This is generally the case when the Group determines that the debtor does not have assets or sources of income that could

generate sufficient cash flows to repay the amounts subject to the write-off. However, financial assets that are written off could still be

subject to enforcement activities to comply with the Group’s procedures for recovery of amounts due.

Key estimates and assumptions

The expected credit loss allowance provision is determined based on assumptions about the risk of default and expected loss

rates of customers and other counterparties. Spark uses judgement in making these assumptions and selecting the inputs to the

impairment calculation based on Spark's past collection history, existing market conditions, as well as forward-looking estimates

at the end of the reporting period. Forward-looking estimates include assessment of forecasted changes to interest rates,

unemployment rates and Gross Domestic Product in New Zealand.

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Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: ASSETS
3.1 receivables and prepayments (continued)

Finance lease receivables

Spark has a number of leases for space in exchange buildings, including as a lessor for space in Spark exchanges and a lessee for space in

Chorus exchanges. These leases include a legal right of offset, as Spark and Chorus settle the payments on a net basis and are therefore

shown as a net finance lease receivable or net lease liability on the statement of financial position.

In FY23, Spark assigned its ground leases for the mobile site assets sold to Connexa, which resulted in Spark recording finance lease

receivables equal to the lease liabilities for these leases. Spark is unwinding these balances over the remaining term to the next right of

renewal, at which point these will be novated.

In addition, Spark subleases a number of office building floors. Where subleases are for the whole of the remaining non-cancellable term

of the head lease, these are classified as a finance lease.

The profile of lease net receipts is set out below:

20242023

UNDISCOUNTEDDISCOUNTEDUNDISCOUNTEDDISCOUNTED

AS AT 30 JUNE$M$M$M$M

Less than one year

1

11 4 14 7

Between one and five years 30 5 31 5

More than five years 135 71 141 69

Net finance lease receivables 176 80 186 81

Plus short-term portion of finance lease receivables in liability position – 1 – 2

Total finance lease receivables 176 81 186 83

Less unearned finance income (95) – (103) –

Present value of finance lease receivables 81 81 83 83

Short-term finance lease receivables 6 9

Long-term finance lease receivables 75 74

1 Included within the discounted balance as at 30 June 2024 are $5 million sublease receivable assets, offset by a $1 million liability relating to the Chorus finance lease

receivable (30 June 2023: $9 million sublease receivable asset, offset by a $2 million liability relating to the Chorus finance lease receivable).

The lease with Chorus, where Spark is the lessor, has multiple rights of renewals and the full lease term has been used in the majority of

the calculation of the financial lease receivable at lease inception, as it was likely that because of the specialised nature of the buildings,

the lease would be renewed to the maximum term.

3.2 Inventories

20242023

AS AT 30 JUNE$M$M

Goods held for resale 89 79

Total inventories 89 79

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3.3 Long–term investments

20242023

AS AT 30 JUNEMEASUREMENT BASIS$M$M

Shares in HutchisonFair value through other comprehensive income 41 61

Investment in associates and joint venturesEquity method 161 187

Other long-term investmentsCost 4 6

206 254

Spark holds a 10% interest in Hutchison Telecommunications Australia Limited (Hutchison), which is quoted on the Australian Securities

Exchange (ASX) and its fair value is measured using the observable bid share price as quoted on the ASX, classified as being within Level 1

of the fair value hierarchy. As at 30 June 2024 the quoted price of Hutchison’s shares on the ASX was AU$0.028 (30 June 2023: AU$0.042).

The decrease in fair value of $20 million is recognised in other comprehensive income (30 June 2023: $44 million decrease).

Included within investment in associates and joint ventures is $71 million (30 June 2023: $85 million) for Spark’s investment in the

Connexa group.

Investment in associates and joint ventures

Spark's investment in associates and joint ventures at 30 June 2024 consists of the following:

NAMETYPECOUNTRYOWNERSHIPPRINCIPAL ACTIVITY

Flok LimitedAssociate New Zealand38%Hardware and software development

FrodoCo Holdings LimitedAssociate New Zealand17%A holding company for Connexa

Hourua LimitedJoint VentureNew Zealand50%Delivering the Public Safety Network

Pacific Carriage Holdings Limited, Inc.AssociateUnited States41%A holding company

Rural Connectivity Group LimitedJoint VentureNew Zealand33%Rural broadband

Southern Cross Cables Holdings LimitedAssociateBermuda41%A holding company

TNAS LimitedJoint VentureNew Zealand50%Telecommunications development

All investments in associates and joint ventures are measured using the equity method. Changes in the aggregate carrying amount of

Spark's investment in associates and joint ventures were as follows:

20242023

ASSOCIATESJOINT VENTURESTOTALASSOCIATESJOINT VENTURESTOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M$M$M$M$M

Opening balance as at 1 July 168 19 187 82 19 101

Additional investments during the year – 1 1 92 1 93

Disposals (3) – (3) – – –

Return of capital (7) – (7) – – –

Share of net losses (15) (2) (17) (15) (1) (16)

Remeasurement on dilution – – – 9 – 9

Closing balance as at 30 June 143 18 161 168 19 187

Spark has suspended equity accounting for Pacific Carriage Holdings Limited Inc and Southern Cross Cables Holdings Limited (together

‘Southern Cross’) as their carrying values were reduced to nil. Spark has no obligation to fund Southern Cross deficits or repay dividends.

For the year ended 30 June 2024, Spark's share of Southern Cross profits was not recognised because of the existence of historic

cumulative Southern Cross deficits. In the current year Southern Cross profit was $46 million (30 June 2023: $34 million).

125

Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: ASSETS
3.4 right–of–use assets

Spark is a lessee for a large number of leases, including:

• Property – Spark leases a number of office buildings and retail stores. Some of these leases have rights of renewal that are reasonably

certain to be exercised and therefore may have long expected lease terms

• Capacity arrangements – Spark enters into a number of indefeasible right-of-use capacity arrangements for cable capacity

• Mobile sites – Spark has entered into a number of agreements to allow the operation of mobile network infrastructure throughout

New Zealand

• Motor vehicles – Spark leases motor vehicles for use in sales, field operations and maintenance of infrastructure equipment

• Other - Spark leases equipment that is held at Spark premises and used to provide services to customers

PROPERTYCAPACITY

MOBILE

SITES

MOTOR

VEHICLESOTHERTOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024NOTES$M$M$M$M$M$M

Opening net book value186 212 65 3 22 488

Additions and acquisitions10 10 13 4 60 102

Transferred from leased customer equipment

assets3.5– – – – 8 8

Disposals(3)– – – – (3)

Remeasurements

1

4.2(29)– 7 1 7 (19)

Depreciation charge(32)(25)(7)(3)(22)(89)

Closing net book value132 197 78 5 75 487

PROPERTYCAPACITY

MOBILE

SITES

MOTOR

VEHICLESOTHERTOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023$M$M$M$M$M$M

Opening net book value250 211 19 3 25 508

Additions9 25 42 2 8 86

Assets transferred back from held for sale

2

– – 7 – – 7

Assets classified as held for sale and other

disposals(3)– (3)– – (6)

Remeasurements

1

(39)– 5 – 2 (32)

Depreciation charge(31)(24)(5)(2)(13)(75)

Closing net book value186 212 65 3 22 488

1 Remeasurements to property in FY24 and FY23 primarily relate to modifications for corporate property leases. The reduction in property right-of-use assets for

corporate property leases is substantially offset by a reduction in property lease liabilities (see note 4.2).

2 Relates to right-of-use assets that were held for sale as at 30 June 2022 but not sold as part of the Connexa transaction and therefore transferred back to right-of-use

assets.

All capacity additions for the years ended 30 June 2024 and 30 June 2023 were fully paid on control being obtained and therefore

deemed capital expenditure as defined and reconciled in note 2.5.

Income from subleasing right-of-use assets for the year ended 30 June 2024 was $2 million (30 June 2023: $2 million).

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3.4 right–of–use assets (continued)

Key estimates and assumptions

At inception of a contract Spark assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the

contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess

whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, Spark assesses whether:

• The contract involves the use of an identified asset

• Spark has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset throughout the period of use

• Spark has the right to direct the use of the asset

At inception or on reassessment of a contract that contains a lease component, Spark allocates the consideration in the contract

to each lease component on the basis of their relative stand-alone prices. Spark recognises a right-of-use asset at the lease

commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability

adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an

estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is

located, less any lease incentives received.

The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of

the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of right-of-use assets are

determined on the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically assessed for

impairment losses and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.

3.5 Leased customer equipment assets

Spark acts as the intermediate party (as a lessee and a lessor) in a number of lease arrangements for customer premises equipment. Such

arrangements may also include an initial sale and leaseback transaction. A sale and leaseback transaction contains a genuine sale if control

of an asset is transferred under NZ IFRS 15. For Spark’s back-to-back lease arrangements we have assessed that a sale does not occur, as

control over the equipment remains with Spark instead of passing to the buyer-lessor. Spark also acts as a lessor, where there is no

intermediate party, for customer premises equipment.

Spark as the seller-lessee or lessor (when the lease is an operating lease) continues to recognise the leased customer equipment asset,

which is initially measured at cost. The asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method based on the expected lease term.

Movements in leased customer equipment assets are summarised below:

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNENOTES$M$M

Opening net book value77 90

Additions32 32

Transferred to right-of-use assets3.4(8)–

Transferred from contract costs3.14 –

Disposals (2)(9)

Depreciation charge(33)(36)

Closing net book value70 77

AS AT 30 JUNE

Cost205 216

Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses(135)(139)

Closing net book value70 77

Leased customer equipment assets are leased to customers under operating leases. Revenue received from these arrangements and

other operating leases for the year ended 30 June 2024 were $50 million (30 June 2023: $50 million).

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: ASSETS
3.6 property, plant and equipment

TELECOMMUNI–

CATIONS

EQUIPMENT

AND PLANTFREEHOLD LANDBUILDINGSOTHER ASSETS

WORK IN

PROGRESSTOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024NOTE$M$M$M$M$M$M

Opening net book value730 61 254 65 154 1,264

Additions and acquisitions

1

1 – 1 26 359387

Transfers243 (2)28 47 (316)–

Disposals(5)– – (18)– (23)

Transfer from contract costs3.1––––11

Depreciation charge(179)– (25)(31)– (235)

Closing net book value790 59 258 89 198 1,394

AS AT 30 JUNE 2024

Cost3,470 59 619 520 198 4,866

Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses(2,680)– (361)(431)– (3,472)

Closing net book value790 59 258 89 198 1,394

TELECOMMUNI–

CATIONS

EQUIPMENT

AND PLANTFREEHOLD LANDBUILDINGSOTHER ASSETS

WORK IN

PROGRESSTOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023$M$M$M$M$M$M

Opening net book value 631 61 213 73 131 1,109

Additions

1

2 – – 5 372 379

Transfers 265 – 63 21 (349) –

Assets transferred back from held for sale

2

– – 2 – – 2

Depreciation charge (169) – (24) (34) – (227)

Foreign exchange movement 1 – – – – 1

Closing net book value 730 61 254 65 154 1,264

AS AT 30 JUNE 2023

Cost 3,614 61 598 523 154 4,950

Accumulated depreciation and impairment losses (2,884) – (344) (458) – (3,686)

Closing net book value 730 61 254 65 154 1,264

1 Included in additions is $42 million (30 June 2023: $22 million) of assets fully funded by customers or vendors.

2 Relates to assets that were held for sale as at 30 June 2022, but not sold as part of the Connexa transaction and therefore transferred back to property, plant and

equipment.

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3.6 property, plant and equipment (continued)

Joint arrangement

Spark has a joint arrangement relating to the construction and operation of the Tasman Global Access fibre-optic submarine cable

between Australia and New Zealand. As at 30 June 2024, the carrying value of Spark's share of property, plant and equipment, intangible

assets and capacity right-of-use assets in the joint operation was $31 million (30 June 2023: $30 million).

Key estimates and assumptions

Spark's property, plant and equipment is measured at cost and depreciation is charged on a straight-line basis over the assets'

estimated useful lives. Determining the appropriate useful life of property, plant and equipment requires Management

judgement, including the expected period of service potential, the likelihood technological advances will make the asset

obsolete, the likelihood of Spark ceasing to use it and the effect of government regulation.

The estimated useful lives of Spark's property, plant and equipment are as follows:

Telecommunications equipment

Links and cables 9 - 50 years

Network transport 2 - 15 years

Mobile radio access network 5 - 25 years

Customer premises equipment 3 - 5 years  

International cable and satellite 10 - 15 years

Buildings

Buildings 15 - 53 years

Furniture and fittings 3 - 20 years

Air conditioning 5 - 20 years

Power systems 3 - 25 years

Batteries 5 - 15 years

Other

Motor vehicles 6 years

Computer equipment 2 - 8 years

Internal IT system assets 3 - 15 years

The assessment of assets for impairment is based on a large number of factors, such as changes in current competitive

conditions, expectations of growth in the telecommunications industry, the discontinuance of services, the expected future cash

flows an asset is expected to generate and other changes in circumstances that indicate an impairment exists. Key judgements

include rates of expected revenue growth or decline, expected future margins and the selection of an appropriate discount rate

for valuing future cash flows.

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: ASSETS
3.7 Intangible assets

SOFTWARE

SPECTRUM

LICENCES

OTHER

INTANGIBLESGOODWILL

WORK IN

PROGRESSTOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024NOTE$M$M$M$M$M$M

Opening net book value 310 158 16 234 88 806

Additions and acquisitions

1

32 23 11 10 137 213

Transfers 152 – 2 – (154) –

Transfer from contract costs3.1 – – – – 44

Disposals (2) – – – – (2)

Amortisation charge (144) (18) (8) – – (170)

Closing net book value 348 163 21 244 75 851

AS AT 30 JUNE 2024

Cost 1,750 355 116 292 75 2,588

Accumulated amortisation and impairment losses (1,402) (192) (95) (48) – (1,737)

Closing net book value 348 163 21 244 75 851

1 Included in additions is $8 million (30 June 2023: nil) of assets fully funded by customers or vendors.

SOFTWARE

SPECTRUM

LICENCES

OTHER

INTANGIBLESGOODWILL

WORK IN

PROGRESSTOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023$M$M$M$M$M$M

Opening net book value 326 175 21 234 83 839

Additions

1

– – – – 133 133

Transfers 128 – – – (128) –

Amortisation charge (144) (17) (5) – – (166)

Closing net book value 310 158 16 234 88 806

AS AT 30 JUNE 2023

Cost 2,022 334 103 282 88 2,829

Accumulated amortisation and impairment losses (1,712) (176) (87) (48) – (2,023)

Closing net book value 310 158 16 234 88 806

1 Total software capitalised in the year ended 30 June 2024 includes $84 million (30 June 2023: $69 million) of internally generated assets. Other software capitalised in

the year includes software licences and externally supplied labour.

Key estimates and assumptions

Intangible assets are amortised over their useful lives on a straight-line basis, except goodwill, which is tested for impairment

annually. Determining the appropriate useful life of an intangible asset requires Management judgement, including assessing the

expected period of service potential, the likelihood technological advances will make it obsolete and the likelihood of Spark

ceasing to use it.

The estimated useful lives of Spark’s intangible assets are as follows:

Spectrum licences 2 – 21 years

Software 2 – 16 years

Customer contracts and brands 5 – 10 years

Other intangible assets 2 – 100 years

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3.7 Intangible assets (continued)

Goodwill

Goodwill by cash–generating unit (CGU) is presented below:

20242023

1

AS AT 30 JUNE$M$M

Mobile 34 34

Broadband 3 3

IT Products 117 117

IT Services 53 53

High-tech 20 14

Digital Island 17 13

244 234

1 Spark changed its cash-generating units from 1 July 2023 in line with the changes in Spark's segment reporting as outlined in note 2.1, the 2023 comparative has been

restated to align with the updated CGUs.

On 19 October 2023, Spark increased its holding in its investment in associate, Adroit Holdings Limited, an environmental IoT solutions

company, from 47% to 100% making it a wholly owned subsidiary. Goodwill recognised from the acquisition of $6 million has been

allocated to the High-tech CGU as this is the CGU that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the transaction.

In addition, on 31 January 2024, Spark's subsidiary, Digital Island purchased 100% of the ordinary share capital of Circle Investments

Limited, goodwill of $4 million was recognised on acquisition and has been allocated to the Digital Island CGU.

During the years ended 30 June 2024 and 30 June 2023 no impairment arose as a result of the assessment of the carrying value of

goodwill. Headroom currently exists in each CGU and, based on the sensitivity analysis performed, no reasonably possible changes in the

assumptions would cause the carrying amount of the CGUs to exceed their recoverable amounts.

Key estimates and assumptions

Goodwill is assessed annually for impairment using a value-in-use model, which estimates the future cash flows, based on the

FY25 Board-approved business plan, applied to the next three years, with key assumptions being forecast earnings and capital

expenditure for each CGU. The forecast financial information is based on both past experience and future expectations of CGU

performance. The major inputs and assumptions used in performing an impairment assessment that require judgement include

revenue forecasts, operating cost projections, customer numbers and customer churn, discount rates, growth rates and future

technology paths.

Nil terminal growth was applied to all CGUs and a pre-tax discount rate of 11.3% was utilised for the year ended 30 June 2024

(30 June 2023: 11.7%).

3.8 Net tangible assets

The calculation of Spark's net tangible assets per share and its reconciliation to the statement of financial position is presented below:

20242023

AS AT 30 JUNE$M$M

Total assets 4,635 4,482

Less: intangible assets (851) (806)

Less: total liabilities (3,045) (2,542)

Net tangible assets 739 1,134

Number of shares outstanding (in millions) 1,814 1,845

Net tangible assets per share$0.41$0.61

Net tangible assets per share is a non-GAAP financial measure that is not defined in NZ IFRS. Total assets include assets held for sale and

right-of-use assets. Total liabilities include lease liabilities. Net tangible assets per share declined by $0.20 per share from 30 June 2023 as

the prior year calculation was high due to lower debt levels following the sale of the Connexa business. The FY24 calculation was more

aligned to the FY22 net tangible assets per share calculation of $0.34.

131

Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: LIAbILITIES ANd EquIT y
Section 4 Liabilities and equity

4.1 payables, accruals and provisions

20242023

AS AT 30 JUNE$M$M

Short-term payables, accruals and provisions

Trade accounts payable and accruals 299 290

Revenue billed in advance 112 96

Accrued personnel costs 36 39

Accrued interest 6 3

GST payable 51 21

Short-term sale and leaseback liabilities 26 30

Short-term provisions 12 19

Other short-term payables and accruals 8 9

550 507

Long-term payables, accruals and provisions

Long-term sale and leaseback liabilities 34 45

Long-term provisions 15 32

Other long-term payables and accruals 7 5

56 82

Trade accounts payable and sale and leaseback liabilities are financial instruments held at amortised cost.

Provisions

The following table summarises movements in provisions in the year:

SPARK SPORT

PROVISION

MAKE-GOOD

PROVISIONS TOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024$M$M$M

Opening balance as at 1 July 46 5 51

Additional provisions made in the year 1 - 1

Amounts utilised during the year (27) (1) (28)

Unwinding of discount 3 - 3

Closing balance at 30 June 23 4 27

Short-term provisions 11 1 12

Long-term provisions 12 3 15

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4.2 Lease liabilities

PROPERTYCAPACITY

MOBILE

SITES

MOTOR

VEHICLESOTHERTOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024$M$M$M$M$M$M

Opening lease liability balance 220 2 529 3 22 776

Leases entered into during the year 10 – 13 4 61 88

Transferred from sale and leaseback liabilities – – – – 8 8

Disposals (3) – (1) – – (4)

Interest expense 8 – 36 – 4 48

Principal repayments (45) (1) (60) (3) (19) (128)

Remeasurements

1

(28) 1 (29) 1 8 (47)

Balance at the end of the year 162 2 488 5 84 741

Short-term portion of finance lease receivable 1 – – – – 1

Total lease liability balance 163 2 488 5 84 742

Short-term lease liabilities 37 – 30 2 27 96

Long-term lease liabilities 126 2 458 3 57 646

Lease liabilities - non-cancellable commitments

2

277 2 496 5 90 870

PROPERTYCAPACITY

MOBILE

SITES

MOTOR

VEHICLESOTHERTOTAL

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023$M$M$M$M$M$M

Opening lease liability balance 290 3 20 3 26 342

Leases entered into during the year9 – 492 2 8 511

Transferred back from held for sale

3

– – 34 – – 34

Liabilities classified as held for sale and other disposals(4)– (2)– – (6)

Interest expense11 – 27 – 1 39

Principal repayments(45)(1)(41)(2)(13)(102)

Remeasurements

1

(41)– (1)– – (42)

Balance at the end of the year220 2 529 3 22 776

Short-term portion of finance lease receivable2 – – – – 2

Total lease liability balance222 2 529 3 22 778

Short-term lease liabilities40 – 28 2 8 78

Long-term lease liabilities182 2 501 1 14 700

Lease liabilities - non-cancellable commitments

2

296 2 524 3 22 847

1 Remeasurements in FY24 and FY23 primarily relate to modifications for corporate property leases and mobile sites. For corporate properties, the reduction in lease

liabilities is substantially offset by a reduction in property right-of-use assets (see note 3.4). For mobile site remeasurements there is not a corresponding adjustment in

right-of-use assets as the majority of these adjustments relate to Connexa leases which have a smaller right-of-use asset due to the sale and leaseback transaction.

2 Relates to the discounted lease liability for future minimum rental commitments for non-cancellable periods of leases, excluding rights of renewal, which are at Spark's

option, including leases committed to that have not yet commenced.

3 Relates to lease liabilities that were held for sale as at 30 June 2022, but either assigned or, not sold as part of the Connexa transaction and therefore transferred back

to lease liabilities.

133

Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: LIAbILITIES ANd EquIT y
4.2 Lease liabilities (continued)

Key estimates and assumptions

Spark recognises a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of

the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that

rate cannot be readily determined, Spark's incremental borrowing rate. Generally, Spark uses its incremental borrowing rate as

the discount rate, with adjustments for the type and term of the lease.

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise:

• Fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments

• Variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement

date

• Amounts expected to be payable under a residual value guarantee

• The exercise price under a purchase option that Spark is reasonably certain to exercise

• Lease payments in an optional renewal period if Spark is reasonably certain to exercise an extension option

The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in

future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in Spark's estimate of the amount expected

to be payable under a residual value guarantee or if Spark changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase or

extension option.

When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use

asset or it is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.

Spark has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have lease terms of

12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. Spark recognises the lease payments associated with these leases within

operating expenses on a straight-line basis over their lease terms.

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4.3 debt

Debt is initially recognised at fair value less attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial recognition, debt is classified and

measured at amortised cost plus, for hedged liabilities that are in a fair value hedging relationship, adjustments for fair value changes

attributable to the risk being hedged. Any difference between cost and redemption value (including fair value changes) is recognised in

the statement of profit or loss over the period of the borrowings, using the effective interest rate method.

20242023

$M$M

AS AT 30 JUNENOTEFACILITYCOUPON RATEMATURITY

Debt due within one year

Commercial paperVariable< 3 months 208 90

208 90

Supplier financing arrangements

1

Variable< 31/01/2029 21 9

21 9

Bank funding

Westpac New Zealand Limited

2

200 million NZDVariable30/11/2023 – 15

Commonwealth Bank of Australia

2

100 million NZDVariable30/11/2024 100 –

Bank of New Zealand100 million NZDVariable30/05/2025 85 –

185 15

Domestic notes

125 million NZD3.37%07/03/2024 – 122

– 122

Total debt due within one year4.4 414 236

Long-term debt

Supplier financing arrangements

1

Variable< 31/01/2029 49 –

49 –

Bank funding

Westpac New Zealand Limited

2

200 million NZDVariable30/11/2026 – –

Commonwealth Bank of Australia

2

100 million NZDVariable30/11/2025 – 100

MUFG Bank Ltd.

2

125 million NZDVariable30/11/2025 125 –

125 100

Domestic notes

125 million NZD3.94%07/09/2026 117 116

100 million NZD

3

4.37%29/09/2028 100 100

125 million NZD5.21%18/09/2029 124 –

175 million NZD5.45%18/09/2031 174 –

515 216

Foreign currency Medium Term Notes

Australian Medium Term Notes – 100 million AUD1.90%05/06/2026 102 97

Australian Medium Term Notes – 150 million AUD4.00%20/10/2027 156 154

Australian Medium Term Notes – 125 million AUD2.60%18/03/2030 116 112

Norwegian Medium Term Notes – 1 billion NOK

4

3.07%19/03/2029 142 137

516 500

Total long-term debt4.4 1,205 816

Total debt 1,619 1,052

1 With respect to arrangements with outstanding liabilities at 30 June 2024, including those entered into in prior years, financing providers have paid suppliers a total of

$124 million and Spark has made payments against these arrangements of $54 million, resulting in a closing liability of $70 million as at 30 June 2024. Amounts paid

under these arrangements are presented in the statement of cash flows within financing activities. (30 June 2023: financers have paid suppliers $30 million, payments

of $21 million have been made by Spark, resulting in a closing liability of $9 million).

2 These facilities are Sustainability-Linked Loans. Spark will receive lower interest rates if it achieves sustainability targets or pay higher rates on the loans if it falls short of

these targets.

3 This bond is a Sustainability-Linked Bond. The bond includes an interest rate step up depending on the achievement of a sustainability target as at 30 June 2026.

4 Norwegian krone.

135

Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: LIAbILITIES ANd EquIT y
4.3 debt (continued)

None of Spark's debt is secured and all debt ranks equally with other liabilities. There are no financial covenants over Spark's debt,

however, there are certain triggers in the event of default, as defined in the various debt agreements. There have been no events of default

over Spark's debt in the years ended 30 June 2024 and 30 June 2023.

The fair value of total debt based on market observable prices was $1,635 million compared to a carrying value of $1,619 million as at

30 June 2024 (30 June 2023: fair value of $1,063 million compared to a carrying value of $1,052 million).

4.4 Capital risk management

Spark manages its capital considering shareholders' interests, the value of Spark’s assets and the Company’s credit rating. The Board is

committed to the Company maintaining an investment grade rating and its capital management policies are designed to ensure this

objective is met. As part of this commitment, and in line with credit rating metrics, Spark currently manages its debt levels to ensure that

the ratio of adjusted net debt at hedged rates (being inclusive of associated derivatives and leases) to adjusted EBITDAI does not exceed

1.7 times on a long-run basis. At 30 June 2024, Spark's net debt to EBITDAI (including lease liabilities) ratio was 2.1x, temporarily

exceeding the 1.7x metric.  Management remains committed to ensuring net debt to EBITDAI does not exceed 1.7x on a long-run basis.

As at 30 June 2024, the Company’s S&P Global credit ratings for long-term and short-term debt was, respectively, A- and A-2 with outlook

stable (30 June 2023: same).

Net debt

A reconciliation of net debt at hedged rates and net debt at carrying value is provided below:

20242023

AS AT 30 JUNE$M$M

Cash (59) (100)

Debt due within one year at face value 418 240

Long-term debt at face value 1,267 885

Net debt at face value 1,626 1,025

To retranslate debt balances at swap rates where hedged by currency swaps 10 14

Net debt at hedged rates

1

1,636 1,039

Non-cash adjustments

Impact of fair value hedge adjustments

2

911

Unamortised discount (7) (1)

Net debt at carrying value 1,638 1,049

1 Net debt at hedged rates is the value of hedged cash flows due to arise on maturity and includes an adjustment to state the principal of foreign currency medium term

notes at the hedged currency rate.

2 Fair value hedge adjustments arise on domestic notes in fair value hedges and foreign currency medium term notes in dual fair value and cash flow hedges. These have

no impact on the cash flows to arise on maturity.

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4
4.4 Capital risk management (continued)

A reconciliation of movements in net debt is provided below:

CASH FLOWSNON–CASH MOVEMENTS

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2024

AS AT 1 JULY

2023

$M

PROCEEDS

$M

PAYMENTS

$M

INTEREST

AMORTISATION

$M

FAIR VALUE

CHANGES

$M

FOREIGN

EXCHANGE

MOVEMENT

$M

OTHER

$M

AS AT 30 JUNE

2024

$M

Cash(100)(19,625)19,666––––(59)

Debt due within one year 2362,101(1,947)13–20414

Long-term debt81613,729(13,373)–104191,205

Derivatives97–––(14)(4)(1)78

Net debt at carrying value 1,049 (3,795) 4,346 1 (1) – 38 1,638

CASH FLOWSNON–CASH MOVEMENTS

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE 2023

AS AT 1 JULY

2022

$M

PROCEEDS

$M

PAYMENTS

$M

INTEREST

AMORTISATION

$M

FAIR VALUE

CHANGES

$M

FOREIGN

EXCHANGE

MOVEMENT

$M

OTHER

$M

AS AT 30 JUNE

2023

$M

Cash(71)(13,908)13,879––––(100)

Debt due within one year293307(496)1––131236

Long-term debt1,2338,864(9,138)1(3)(17)(124)816

Derivatives76–––417–97

Net debt at carrying value 1,531 (4,737) 4,245 2 1 – 7 1,049

4.5 Equity and dividends

Share capital

Movements in the Company’s issued ordinary shares were as follows:

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNENUMBERNUMBER

Shares at the beginning of the year 1,845,000,906 1,871,587,475

Cancelled shares acquired under the on-market share buy-back programme (31,803,206) (28,197,250)

Dividend reinvestment plan – –

Issuance of shares under share schemes and other transfers 957,780 1,610,681

Shares at the end of the year 1,814,155,480 1,845,000,906

All issued shares are fully paid and have no par value. Shareholders of ordinary shares have the right to vote at any general meeting of the Company.

Dividends

1

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE

CENTS PER

SHARE$M

CENTS PER

SHARE$M

Previous year second half-year dividend 13.5 249 12.5 234

First half-year dividend 13.5 245 13.5 252

Total dividends in the year 27.0 494 26.0 486

Second half-year dividend declared subsequent to balance date not provided for 14.0 254 13.5 249

1 Dividends paid disclosed above exclude supplementary dividends. For the year ended 30 June 2024, supplementary dividends paid were $48 million (30 June 2023:

$50 million).

137

Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: LIAbILITIES ANd EquIT y
4.5 Equity and dividends (continued)

Events after balance date

On 22 August 2024 the Board approved the payment of a second-half ordinary dividend of 14.0 cents per share or

approximately $254 million. This ordinary dividend will be 100% imputed. In addition, supplementary dividends totalling

approximately $25 million will be payable to shareholders who are not resident in New Zealand. In accordance with the Income

Tax Act 2007, Spark will receive a tax credit from Inland Revenue equivalent to the amount of supplementary dividends paid.

H1 FY24 H2 FY24

ORDINARY DIVIDENDS ORDINARY DIVIDENDS

Dividends declared

Ordinary shares 13.5 cents 14.0 cents

American Depositary Shares

1

45.59 US cents 42.39 US cents

Imputation

Percentage imputed100%100%

Imputation credits per share 5.2500 cents 5.4444 cents

Supplementary dividend per share

2

2.3824 cents 2.4706 cents

‘Ex’ dividend dates

New Zealand Stock Exchange21/03/2412/09/24

Australian Securities Exchange21/03/2412/09/24

American Depositary Shares 21/03/2413/09/24

Record dates

New Zealand Stock Exchange22/03/2413/09/24

Australian Securities Exchange22/03/2413/09/24

American Depositary Shares 22/03/2413/09/24

Payment dates

New Zealand and Australia 5/04/244/10/24

American Depositary Shares 15/04/2414/10/24

1 Spark’s American Depositary Shares, each representing five ordinary Spark shares and evidenced by American Depositary Receipts (ADRs), are traded over-the-counter

in the United States. This is a Level 1 ADR programme that is sponsored by Bank of New York Mellon. For H2 FY24 these are based on the exchange rate at 16 August

2024 of NZ$1 to US$0.6055 and a ratio of five ordinary shares per one American Depositary Share. The actual exchange rate used for conversion is determined in the

week prior to payment when the Bank of New York Mellon performs the physical currency conversion.

2 Supplementary dividends are paid to non-resident shareholders.

Dividend Reinvestment Plan

The dividend reinvestment plan has been reinstated for the H2 FY24 dividend after being suspended in 2022. Shares issued under the

dividend reinvestment plan will be issued at a 3% discount to the prevailing market price around the time of issue. The last date for

shareholders to elect to participate in the dividend reinvestment plan for the H2 FY24 dividend is 16 September 2024. Spark’s Dividend

Reinvestment Plan Offer Document and Participation Notice can be found on Spark’s Investor Centre Website: investors.sparknz.co.nz.

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5
Section 5 Financial instruments

5.1 derivatives and hedge accounting

20242023

DERIVATIVE

ASSETS

DERIVATIVE

LIABILITIES

DERIVATIVE

ASSETS

DERIVATIVE

LIABILITIES

AS AT 30 JUNE$M$M$M$M

Designated in a cash flow hedge26 – 27 (1)

Designated in a fair value hedge– (10)– (13)

Designated in a dual fair value and cash flow hedge– (68)– (84)

Other– – 1 –

26 (78)28 (98)

Short-term derivatives1 – 1 (4)

Long-term derivatives25 (78)27 (94)

Spark’s derivatives are held at fair value, calculated using discounted cash flow models and observable market rates of interest and foreign

exchange prices. This represents a level two measurement under the fair value measurement hierarchy, being inputs other than quoted

prices included within level one that are observable for the asset or liability. As at 30 June 2024 and 30 June 2023 no derivative financial

assets or derivative financial liabilities have been offset in the statement of financial position. The potential for offsetting of any derivative

financial instruments is $11 million (30 June 2023: $13 million), which if applied would result in a reduction of derivative assets and

derivative liabilities.

Hedge accounting

Derivatives are hedge accounted when they are designated into an effective hedge relationship as a hedging instrument. The nature and

the effectiveness of the hedge accounting relationship will determine where the gains and losses on remeasurement are recognised.

Derivatives are designated as:

• Fair value hedges, where the derivative is used to manage interest rate risk in relation to debt

• Cash flow hedges, where the derivative is used to manage the variability in cash flows of highly probable forecast transactions

• Dual fair value and cash flow hedges, where the derivative is used to hedge the interest rate risk on foreign debt and the variability in

cash flows due to movements in foreign exchange rates.

At inception, each hedge relationship is formalised in hedge documentation. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedge

instrument expires or is sold, terminated, exercised or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. Spark determines the existence of an

economic relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item based on the currency, amount and timing of respective

cash flows, reference interest rates, tenors (time to maturity), repricing dates, maturities and notional amounts. Spark assesses whether the

derivative designated in each hedging relationship is expected to be, and has been, effective in offsetting the changes in cash flows of the

hedged item using the hypothetical derivative method.

Derivatives in hedge relationships are designated based on a hedge ratio of 1:1. In these hedge relationships the main source of

ineffectiveness is the effect of the counterparty and Spark's own credit risk on the fair value of the derivatives, which is not reflected in the

change in the fair value of the hedged item attributable to changes in foreign exchange and interest rates.

Cash flow hedges

Cross-currency interest rate swaps and interest rate swaps are jointly designated in cash flow hedges to manage interest and foreign

exchange rate risk on debt. The hedged cash flows will affect Spark's statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income as

interest and principal amounts are repaid over the remaining term of the debt.

Interest rate swaps are designated in cash flow hedges to manage the interest rate exposure of highly probable forecast variable rate

debt and aggregate variable interest rate exposures created by swapping local or foreign currency floating-rate (variable) debt into

fixed-rate debt.

Spark also enters into forward exchange contracts to hedge forecast foreign currency purchases, the majority expected to be made within

12 months. The related cash flows are recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income over this period.

139

Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: FINANCIAL INSTruMENTS
5.1 derivatives and hedge accounting (continued)

A reconciliation of movements in the hedge reserves, net of tax, is outlined below:

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

Opening balance as at 1 July 11 8

Loss recognised in other comprehensive income (9) (4)

Amount reclassified to finance expense 9 5

Amount reclassified to property, plant and equipment/intangible assets and inventory 1 1

Total movements to other comprehensive income 1 2

Other transfers – 1

Closing balance as at 30 June 12 11

Included within the closing balance at 30 June 2024 is $4 million relating to the cost of hedging reserve (30 June 2023: $4 million).

The movement in the hedge reserves includes $1 million for forward foreign exchange contracts (30 June 2023: $8 million in the change

in fair value of interest rate swaps less $2 million associated deferred tax and $3 million for forward foreign exchange contracts ).

Fair value hedges

Interest rate swaps are designated in a fair value hedge to manage interest rate risk in relation to debt. The gain or loss from remeasuring

the interest rate swaps and debt at fair value is recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. During the

year ended 30 June 2024, there has been no material ineffectiveness on fair value hedging relationships (30 June 2023: no material

ineffectiveness) and as a result, no material changes have been recognised in profit and loss.

Dual fair value and cash flow hedges

Spark has Australian dollar (AUD) and Norwegian krone (NOK) denominated debt. As part of Spark's risk management policy, cross-

currency interest rate swaps (CCIRSs) are entered into to convert all of the proceeds of the debt issuances to New Zealand dollars and

convert the foreign currency fixed rate of the debt issuance to a New Zealand dollar floating rate. To mitigate profit or loss volatility, the

CCIRSs were designated into a dual fair value and cash flow hedge relationship. The foreign currency basis element of the CCIRSs are

excluded from the designation and are separately recognised in other comprehensive income in a cost of hedging reserve.

For fair value hedges, the gain or loss from remeasuring the CCIRSs and debt at fair value is recognised in the statement of profit or loss

and other comprehensive income. For cash flow hedges, gains or losses deferred in the cash flow hedge reserve will be reclassified to

Spark's statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income as interest and principal amounts are repaid over the remaining term

of the debt.

The change in fair value of the hedging instruments relating to the foreign currency basis component of the CCIRSs are recognised in

other comprehensive income and accumulated in a cost of hedging equity reserve. Subsequently, the cumulative amount is transferred to

profit or loss at the same time as the hedged item impacts profit or loss.

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5
5.1 derivatives and hedge accounting (continued)

The details of the hedging instruments are as follows:

NOTIONAL

AMOUNT OF

HEDGING

INSTRUMENT

STATEMENT

OF FINANCIAL

POSITION

LINE ITEM

CARRYING AMOUNT OF

THE HEDGING INSTRUMENT

LIFE–TO–DATE

CHANGE–IN–

VALUE USED FOR

CALCULATING

HEDGE

INEFFECTIVE–

NESSASSETSLIABILITIES

AS AT 30 JUNE 2024$M$M$M

Cash flow hedges

Interest rate swaps NZD 1b Derivatives 25 – 25

Forward foreign exchange contracts NZD 96m Derivatives 1 – 1

Fair value hedges

Interest rate swaps NZD 425m Derivatives – (10) (10)

Fair value and cash flow hedges

Cross-currency swaps AUD 150m Derivatives – (11) (11)

Cross-currency swap NOK 1b Derivatives – (32) (32)

Cross-currency swaps AUD 125m Derivatives – (19) (19)

Cross-currency swaps AUD 100m Derivatives – (6) (6)

26 (78) (52)

NOTIONAL

AMOUNT OF

HEDGING

INSTRUMENT

STATEMENT

OF FINANCIAL

POSITION

LINE ITEM

CARRYING AMOUNT OF

THE HEDGING INSTRUMENT

LIFE–TO–DATE

CHANGE–IN–

VALUE USED FOR

CALCULATING

HEDGE

INEFFECTIVE–

NESSASSETSLIABILITIES

AS AT 30 JUNE 2023$M$M$M

Cash flow hedges

Interest rate swaps NZD 620m Derivatives 26 – 26

Forward foreign exchange contracts NZD 77m Derivatives 1 (1) –

Fair value hedges

Interest rate swaps NZD 250m Derivatives – (13) (13)

Fair value and cash flow hedges

Cross-currency swaps AUD 150m Derivatives – (14) (14)

Cross-currency swap NOK 1b Derivatives – (37) (37)

Cross-currency swaps AUD 125m Derivatives – (23) (23)

Cross-currency swaps AUD 100m Derivatives – (10) (10)

27 (98) (71)

141

Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: FINANCIAL INSTruMENTS
5.1 derivatives and hedge accounting (continued)

The details of hedged items are as follows:

STATEMENT OF

FINANCIAL POSITION

LINE ITEM

CARRYING AMOUNT OF

THE HEDGED ITEM

ACCUMULATED AMOUNT OF FAIR

VALUE HEDGE ADJUSTMENTS ON

THE HEDGED ITEM INCLUDED IN

THE CARRYING AMOUNT OF THE

HEDGED ITEM

LIFE–TO–DATE

CHANGE–IN–

VALUE USED FOR

CALCULATING

HEDGE

INEFFECTIVE–

NESSASSETSLIABILITIESASSETSLIABILITIES

AS AT 30 JUNE 2024$M$M$M$M$M

Cash flow hedges

Aggregated variable interest rate exposure – – – – – (25)

Committed foreign exchange transactions – – – – – (1)

Fair value hedges

Domestic Notes Long–term debt – (415) 10 – 10

Fair value and cash flow hedges

Australian Medium Term Note (AUD 100m) Long–term debt – (102) 8 – 6

Australian Medium Term Note (AUD 150m) Long–term debt – (156) 7 – 11

Australian Medium Term Note (AUD 125m) Long–term debt – (116) 21 – 19

Norwegian Medium Term Note (NOK 1b) Long–term debt – (142) 12 – 32

– (931) 58 – 52

STATEMENT OF

FINANCIAL POSITION

LINE ITEM

CARRYING AMOUNT OF

THE HEDGED ITEM

ACCUMULATED AMOUNT OF

FAIR VALUE HEDGE ADJUSTMENTS

ON THE HEDGED ITEM INCLUDED

IN THE CARRYING AMOUNT OF

THE HEDGED ITEM

LIFE–TO–DATE

CHANGE–IN–

VALUE USED FOR

CALCULATING

HEDGE

INEFFECTIVE–

NESSASSETSLIABILITIESASSETSLIABILITIES

AS AT 30 JUNE 2023$M$M$M$M$M$M

Cash flow hedges

Aggregated variable interest rate exposure – – – – – (26)

Fair value hedges

Domestic Notes Long–term debt

and debt due

within one year

– (238) 13 – 13

Fair value and cash flow hedges

Australian Medium Term Note (AUD 100m) Long–term debt – (97) 11 – 10

Australian Medium Term Note (AUD 150m) Long–term debt – (154) 9 – 14

Australian Medium Term Note (AUD 125m) Long–term debt – (112) 23 – 23

Norwegian Medium Term Note (NOK 1b) Long–term debt – (137) 15 – 37

– (738) 71 – 71

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5.2 Financial risk management

a) Market risk

Spark is exposed to market risk primarily from changes in foreign

currency exchange rates and interest rates. Spark employs risk

management strategies, including the use of derivative financial

instruments, to manage these exposures through a Board-

approved treasury policy, which provides the framework within

which treasury-related activities are conducted.

Spark manages the concentration of exposures using well-defined

market and credit risk limits and through timely reporting to senior

management. All contracts have been entered into with high-credit

quality financial institutions. The risk associated with these

transactions is that the fair value or cash flows of financial

instruments will change due to movements in market rates or, in

the case of default by a counterparty, through the cost of

replacement at the current market rates.

Currency risk

Nature of the risk

Currency risk is the risk that eventual New Zealand dollar net cash

flows from transactions undertaken by Spark will be adversely

affected by changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Exposure and risk management

Spark’s total net exposure (from non-derivative financial

instruments) to foreign currency as at 30 June 2024 is $565 million

(30 June 2023: $553 million). This includes $154 million long-term

debt principal denominated in NOK (30 June 2023: $152 million)

and $411 million long-term debt principal denominated in AUD

(30 June 2023: $408 million). The remaining exposure is primarily

trade payables and other receivables denominated in United

States dollars (USD).

Spark manages currency risk arising from foreign currency debt

through hedging. Spark’s long-term debt issued in NOK and AUD

is fully hedged using cross-currency interest rate swaps to convert

foreign currency cashflows into floating-rate New Zealand dollar

exposures.

Currency risk from capital and operational expenditure in foreign

currencies (and related trade payables) has been substantially

hedged by entering into forward exchange contracts.

Sensitivity to foreign currency movements

As at 30 June 2024, a movement of 10% in the New Zealand dollar

would (after hedging) impact the statement of profit or loss by less

than $1 million (30 June 2023: less than $1 million) and the

statement of changes in equity by less than $13 million (30 June

2023: less than $11 million). This analysis assumes a movement in

the New Zealand dollar across all currencies and only includes the

effect of foreign exchange movements on monetary financial

instruments.

Interest rate risk

Nature of the risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that fluctuations in interest rates impact

Spark’s cash flows, financial performance or the fair value of its

holdings of financial instruments.

Exposure and risk management

Spark is exposed to interest rate risk from its financing activities,

which primarily include loans and debt issuance either at fixed or

floating rates. For floating-rate exposures Spark employs the use of

derivative financial instruments to reduce its exposure to

fluctuations in interest rates, with the objective to minimise the cost

of net borrowings and to minimise the impact of interest rate

movements on interest expense and net earnings.

Cross-currency interest rate swaps are used to convert foreign

currency debt into floating-rate New Zealand dollar exposures.

Interest rate swaps are used to convert floating-rate exposures into

fixed-rate exposures and vice versa. As a result, Spark’s interest rate

exposure is limited to New Zealand only.

Sensitivity to interest rate movements

As at 30 June 2024, a movement in interest rates of 25 basis points

would (after hedging) impact the statement of profit or loss by less

than $1 million (30 June 2023: less than $1 million) and the

statement of changes in equity by less than $5 million (30 June

2023: less than $1 million).

143

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: FINANCIAL INSTruMENTS
5.2 Financial risk management (continued)

b) Credit risk

Nature of the risk

Credit risk arises in the normal course of Spark’s business on cash,

receivables and derivative financial instruments if a counterparty

fails to meet its contractual obligations.

Exposure and risk management

Spark is exposed to credit risk if customers and counterparties fail

to make payments in respect of:

• Payment of trade and other receivables as they fall due; and

• Contractual cash flows of derivative assets held at fair value.

Spark’s assets subject to credit risk as at 30 June 2024 were

$1,314 million (30 June 2023: $1,299 million).

Spark considers the probability of default upon initial recognition

of cash, receivables and derivative assets and whether there has

been a significant and ongoing increase in credit risk at the end of

each reporting period. To assess this Spark compares the risk of

default occurring on these assets at the reporting date, with the risk

of default at the date of initial recognition. Available, reasonable

and supportive forward-looking information is considered,

especially the following indicators:

• External credit rating (as far as available)

• Actual or expected significant adverse changes in business,

financial or economic conditions that are expected to cause a

significant change to the customer or counterparty's ability to

meet their obligations

• Significant changes in the value of the collateral supporting the

obligation or in the quality of third-party guarantees or credit

enhancements.

Spark considers a financial asset to have low credit risk when the

asset is held with a high-credit quality financial institution or with a

party that has a strong financial position with no past due amounts.

Spark manages its exposure using a credit policy that includes

limits on exposures with significant counterparties that have been

set and approved by the Board and are monitored on a regular

basis. Spark places its cash and derivative financial instruments

with high-credit quality financial institutions and does not have

significant concentration of risk with any single financial institution.

Spark has significant shareholder loans and finance lease

receivables which are deemed low credit risk. Concentration of

credit risk for trade and other receivables is limited because of

Spark’s large customer base.

Spark has certain derivatives and debt arrangements that are

subject to bilateral credit support agreements that require Spark or

its counterparties to post collateral funds to support the value of

certain derivatives subject to certain agreed threshold amounts. As

at 30 June 2024, no collateral was posted (30 June 2023: nil).

Letters of credit and guarantees may be held over some receivable

amounts. The carrying amounts of financial assets represent the

maximum credit exposure.

c) Liquidity risk

Nature of the risk

Liquidity risk represents Spark's ability to meet its contractual

obligations as they fall due.

Exposure and risk management

Spark uses cash and derivative financial instruments to manage

liquidity and evaluates its liquidity requirements on an ongoing

basis. In general, Spark generates sufficient cash flows from its

operating activities to meet its financial liabilities. As at 30 June

2024, Spark had current assets of $1,070 million and current

liabilities of $1,060 million (30 June 2023: current assets of

$1,079 million and current liabilities of $850 million). Positive

operating cash flows enable working capital to be managed to

meet short-term liabilities as they fall due.

In the event of any shortfalls Spark has the following financing

programmes:

• An undrawn committed standby facility of $200 million with a

number of creditworthy banks (30 June 2023: $200 million)

• Committed bank facilities of $525 million with $310 million

drawn as at 30 June 2024 (30 June 2023: $425 million facilities

with $115 million drawn)

• Undrawn committed bank overdraft facilities of $15 million with

New Zealand banks (30 June 2023: $15 million).

There are no compensating balance requirements associated with

these facilities.

Spark's liquidity policy is to maintain unutilised committed facilities

of at least 110% of the next 12 months’ forecast peak net funding

requirements, including coverage for short-term capital market

issues. Spark's funding policy requires that no more than 30% of

long-term debt (including undrawn and standby facilities) can

mature within the next 12 months, which has been met.

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5.2 Financial risk management (continued)

c) Liquidity risk (continued)

Maturity analysis

The following table provides an analysis of Spark's remaining contractual cash flows relating to financial liabilities. Contractual cash flows

include contractual undiscounted principal and interest payments.

CARRYING

AMOUNT

CONTRACTUAL

CASH FLOWS0–6 MONTHS6–12 MONTHS1–2 YEARS2–5 YEARS5+ YEARS

AS AT 30 JUNE 2024$M$M$M$M$M$M$M

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Trade accounts payable and accruals299 299 299 – – – –

Sale and leaseback liabilities 60 66 19 15 23 9 –

Lease liabilities 742 1,025 65 63 118 283 496

Short and long-term debt 1,619 1,911 554 42 185 666 464

Derivative financial liabilities

Interest rate swaps (net settled) 10 (10) (5) (3) (1) (1) –

Cross-currency interest rate swaps (gross

settled)

Inflows – (636) (6) (11) (126) (353) (140)

Outflows 68 717 21 19 142 395 140

Forward exchange contracts (gross settled)

Inflows – (11) (11) – – – –

Outflows – 11 11 – – – –

2,798 3,372 947 125 341 999 960

CARRYING

AMOUNT

CONTRACTUAL

CASH FLOWS0–6 MONTHS6–12 MONTHS1–2 YEARS2–5 YEARS5+ YEARS

AS AT 30 JUNE 2023$M$M$M$M$M$M$M

Non-derivative financial liabilities

Trade accounts payable and accruals 290 290 290 – – – –

Sale and leaseback liabilities 75 76 18 17 20 21 –

Lease liabilities 778 1,224 57 56 104 274 733

Short and long-term debt 1,052 1,285 227 150 36 469 403

Derivative financial liabilities

Interest rate swaps (net settled) 13 (14) (3) (3) (5) (2) (1)

Cross-currency interest rate swaps (gross

settled)

Inflows – (650) (6) (11) (17) (315) (301)

Outflows 84 755 22 21 38 351 323

Forward exchange contracts (gross settled)

Inflows – (46) (46) – – – –

Outflows 1 46 46 – – – –

2,293 2,966 605 230 176 798 1,157

145

Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: OTHEr INFOrMATION
Section 6 Other information

6.1 Income tax

Income tax expense

The income tax expense is determined as follows:

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

Statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income

Current income tax

Current year income tax expense (excluding adjusting items) (148) (209)

Current year income tax expense on adjusting items

1

– 31

Adjustments in respect of prior periods (10) (3)

Deferred income tax

Depreciation, provisions, accruals, tax losses and other adjustments (excluding adjusting items) (42) 24

Depreciation, provisions, accruals, tax losses and other adjustments on adjusting items

2

– 137

Adjustments in respect of prior periods 2 3

Income tax expense recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income (198) (17)

1 The comparative includes $26 million for the costs associated with assets disposed of in the sale of Connexa, $2 million for the unwind of the deferred tax asset

explained below for the Connexa transaction and $2 million of current tax for the Spark Sport provision.

2 Due to the difference between the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities recognised at the date of the sale of Connexa in the prior year, a deferred tax asset of $126

million was recognised in FY23, with a corresponding adjustment (reduction) to tax expense. The balance of the deferred tax asset at 30 June 2023 was $124 million.

The Spark Sport provision had a deferred tax impact at 30 June 2023 of $12 million. The current tax impact of adjusting items of $31 million together with the deferred

income tax impact of $137 million is $168 million (see note 2.5). The total tax expense on an adjusted (non-GAAP) basis for FY23 was $185 million.

Reconciliation of income tax expense

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

Net earnings before income tax 514 1,152

Tax at current rate of 28% (144) (323)

Adjustments to taxation

Non-assessable gains on sale

1

– 317

Other non-assessable items (11) (6)

Tax effects of non-New Zealand profits (9) (5)

Tax effects of tax depreciation on buildings (26) –

Adjustments in respect of prior periods (8) –

Total income tax expense

2

(198) (17)

1 In the prior year this comprised the tax effect of the $583 million net gain on sale of Connexa, being $163 million, the $126 million deferred tax impact described above

and the $26 million current tax impact of the costs associated with the assets disposed of and other adjustments of $2 million.

2 The comparative includes the tax effect of the net gain on sale of Connexa and the Spark Sport provision, being a credit to tax of $168 million (see note 2.5). The total

tax expense on an adjusted (non-GAAP) basis for FY23 was $185 million.

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6.1 Income tax (continued)

Tax depreciation on buildings

As announced as part of their election campaign, the Government enacted legislation to remove the tax depreciation on commercial and

industrial buildings, effective from income tax years on or after 1 April 2024. This reduces the tax base of the building assets back to nil

because depreciation can no longer be claimed on these assets from FY25 onwards. As deferred tax is calculated on the difference

between the carrying amount of the asset and its tax base, the decrease of the tax base has reduced Spark’s deferred tax asset by

$26 million. This also results in a one-off increase in tax expense of $26 million.

Pillar Two legislation

The OECD model GloBE rules, first released by the OECD in December 2021, are intended to ensure that large multinational enterprises

(MNE) with annual revenue of €750m or more pay a minimum level of tax (based on an effective tax rate of 15%) on income arising in each

country where they operate.

Spark is an ‘in-scope‘ MNE under the GloBE rules due to its scale in New Zealand (where its Ultimate Parent Entity (UPE) is located)

combined with its small international footprint of constituent entities (CE).

The rules are complex with different adoption and implementation dates applying in different countries meaning the transformation of the

international tax environment will continue unabated for some time. Spark has undertaken an initial impact assessment and has

determined that the rules do not apply in relation to its financial year ended 30 June 2024. Spark expects GloBE reporting obligations to

apply to its 30 June 2025 financial year (in respect of its CE’s in Australia and the United Kingdom). Additional GloBE reporting is expected

to commence in other regions in relation to Spark’s 2026 financial year.  However, no top up taxes are expected to be paid due to the

availability of certain temporary safe harbours that apply through to 2028.

Deferred tax assets and liabilities

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset in the statement of financial position and presented as a net deferred tax asset. The movement

in the deferred tax assets and liabilities is provided below:

FIXED ASSETSLEASES

PROVISIONS &

ACCRUALSOTHERTOTAL

ASSETS/(LIABILITIES)$M$M$M$M$M

Opening balance as at 1 July 2023 (62) 123 21 (27) 55

Amounts recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other

comprehensive income

Relating to the current period (26) (16) (16) 16 (42)

Adjustments in respect of prior periods – (1) 6 (3) 2

Amounts recognised in equity relating to the current year – – – 2 2

Closing balance as at 30 June 2024 (88) 106 11 (12) 17

FIXED ASSETSLEASES

PROVISIONS &

ACCRUALSOTHERTOTAL

ASSETS/(LIABILITIES)$M$M$M$M$M

Opening balance as at 1 July 2022 (58) (3) (7) (40) (108)

Amounts recognised in the statement of profit or loss and other

comprehensive income

Relating to the current period

1

9 123 14 15 161

Adjustments in respect of prior periods

2

(13) 3 14 (1) 3

Amounts recognised in equity relating to the current year – – – (1) (1)

Closing balance as at 30 June 2023 (62) 123 21 (27) 55

1 Amounts relating to the current period for the comparative include timing differences for the Connexa lease and the Spark Sport provision.

2 In the prior year, adjustments in respect of prior periods reflect changes in the prior year tax balances used for financial reporting and tax return completion, in the

current year these primarily relate to reclassifications between categories to align with the current year's presentation.

147

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: OTHEr INFOrMATION
6.1 Income tax (continued)

Spark has not recognised the tax effect of accumulated unrestricted losses and temporary differences amounting to AU$461 million at

30 June 2024 based on the relevant corporation tax rate of Australia (30 June 2023: AU$461 million). These losses and temporary

differences may be available to be carried forward to offset against future taxable income. However, utilisation is contingent on the

production of taxable profits over a significant period of time and is subject to compliance with the relevant taxation authority

requirements.

Spark has a negative 67 million imputation credit account balance as at 30 June 2024 due to the timing of dividend and tax payments

(30 June 2023: negative 32 million). The imputation credit account had a positive balance as at 31 March 2024.

6.2 Employee share schemes

Spark operates a share-based compensation plan that is equity settled as outlined below.

Share option scheme

From September 2019, members of the Leadership Squad (including the CEO) and selected senior leaders have been granted options

under the new Spark Long-Term Incentive (LTI) scheme. Under the scheme participants are granted options at the start of the three-

year vesting period. The number of options granted equals the gross LTI value divided by the volume weighted average price of Spark

New Zealand shares for the 20 days prior to the grant date. Subject to satisfaction of the performance hurdle and continued employment,

at vesting each option converts to a Spark share based on a zero exercise price. If the target is not met (or the participant leaves Spark

employment) then the options simply lapse, with exceptions for redundancy, death and disablement. Spark enables participants to meet

tax obligations through PAYE by authorising the sale of a sufficient number of shares on their behalf.  

Vesting of the LTI grants are contingent on participants’ continued employment with Spark for three years from grant date (subject to

exceptions) and the Company achieving the specified performance hurdles. The performance hurdle targets are set annually and for

grants issued in 2020 and 2021 this was the Company’s cost of equity plus 1% compounding annually. For grants issued in 2022 and 2023,

75% of the allocated shares will vest based on the performance hurdle target of the Company's cost of equity plus 1.5% compounding

annually and 25% will vest based on performance against environmental and diversity targets. Options with an intrinsic value of $13

million (30 June 2023: $15 million) remain outstanding at 30 June 2024 and have a weighted average remaining life of 1.3 years (30 June

2023: 1.3 years).

Information regarding options awarded under this scheme is as follows:

20242023

OPTIONSOPTIONS

NUMBER OF

OPTIONS

NUMBER OF

OPTIONS

Opening balance as at 1 July 2,926,064 2,840,293

Granted 1,313,428 1,144,179

Vested – (964,574)

Lapsed (1,018,509) (93,834)

Closing balance as at 30 June 3,220,983 2,926,064

Percentage of total ordinary shares0.18%0.16%

The fair value of the employee services received in exchange for the grant of equity instruments is recognised as an expense, with a

corresponding entry in equity. The total charge recognised for this scheme for the year ended 30 June 2024 was $1.6 million (30 June

2023: $1.4 million). As at 30 June 2024, $2.5 million of share scheme awards remain unvested and not expensed (30 June 2023: $2.1

million). This expense, measured at its fair value based on a valuation model, will be recognised over the remaining vesting period of the

awards. On 3 October 2023 the options granted in September 2020 lapsed.

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6
6.3 related party transactions

Related parties of Spark include the associate and joint venture companies listed in note 3.3 and key management personnel detailed below.

Interest of directors in certain transactions

A number of the Company's directors are also directors of other companies and any transactions undertaken with these entities have been

entered into on a commercial basis.

Transactions with associate and joint venture companies

Spark's transactions with associates and joint ventures include the following:

• Spark provided network operations and management services to Southern Cross in respect of its operations in New Zealand

• Spark made payments to Southern Cross in connection with capacity it has purchased on Southern Cross’ network

• Spark made payments to Southern Cross for operational expenditure relating to cable maintenance

• Southern Cross fully repaid the shareholder loan and returned capital to Spark through a capital reduction

• Spark made payments to Adroit Holdings Limited for operational expenditure relating to environmental IoT services and hardware and

received payments for IoT warehousing until the full acquisition of the entity on 19 October 2023

• Spark received revenue from Rural Connectivity Group for the sale of mobile backhaul equipment

• Spark received payments from Hourua Limited for milestones delivered for the Public Safety Network and for use of Spark's corporate

office space

• Spark made payments to Connexa for access to mobile towers, this includes lease and operating charges. Spark also received payments

from Connexa for transition services, rental recovery, maintenance, site build and interest on shareholder loans.

Balances and amounts in respect of these transactions with associate and joint venture companies excluding Connexa are set out in the

table below:

20242023

AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

Revenues 18 7

Expenses (11) (14)

Capacity acquired and other capital expenditure

1

(10) (18)

Receivables 3 11

Payables– (4)

1 As at 30 June 2024, Spark has committed to purchases of $22 million for cable capacity from Southern Cross (30 June 2023: $22 million).

Given the significant nature of the balances and transactions with Connexa, these are separately disclosed below:

20242023

AS AT AND FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

Revenues

1

28 14

Expenses (15) (9)

Receivables

2

172 156

Lease liabilities

3

(447) (482)

Revenue billed in advance(4)–

1 Including interest income on shareholder loans.

2 Receivables include shareholder loans to Connexa, including one non-interest bearing loan, and one interest bearing loan set at a market rate at the time of drawdown.

3 Related party lease liabilities have an initial term of 15 years with options for right of renewal which have not been included in the measurement of the lease liability.

Payments made for related party lease liabilities in the year were $47 million (30 June 2023: $28 million).

149

Spark New Zealand Annual report Fy24

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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS: OTHEr INFOrMATION
6.3 related party transactions (continued)

Key management personnel compensation

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$’000$’000

Directors’ remuneration

1

1,371 1,473

Salary and other short–term benefits 6,575 7,509

Share–based compensation 784 784

8,730 9,766

1 Excludes Chief Executive remuneration.

The table above includes remuneration of the Chief Executive and the other members of the Leadership Squad, including amounts paid

to members of the Leadership Squad who left during the year ended 30 June or were in acting Leadership Squad positions. Like other

Spark employees, members of the Leadership Squad also receive product and service concessions. In addition, where members of the

Leadership Squad are KiwiSaver members, they receive contributions towards their KiwiSaver schemes.

6.4 Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are all entities over which Spark has control. The significant subsidiary companies of Spark and their activities are as follows:

NAMECOUNTRYOWNERSHIPPRINCIPAL ACTIVITY

Computer Concepts LimitedNew Zealand100%IT infrastructure and business cloud services

Digital Island LimitedNew Zealand100%Business telecommunications provider

Entelar Group LimitedNew Zealand100%

Telecommunications and IT infrastructure build and maintenance

services, and distribution and supply chain services

Gen-i Australia Pty LimitedAustralia

1

100%

Provides international wholesale and outsourced telecommunications

services

Mattr LimitedNew Zealand 97%Software company focused on decentralised identity and verifiable data

Qrious LimitedNew Zealand100%Data analytics business

Revera LimitedNew Zealand100%IT infrastructure and data centre provider

Spark Finance LimitedNew Zealand100%A Group finance company

Spark New Zealand Trading LimitedNew Zealand100%Telecommunications and digital services company

TCNZ (Bermuda) LimitedNew Zealand100%A holding company

Teleco Insurance LimitedBermuda

1

100%A Group insurance company

Telecom New Zealand USA LimitedUnited States

1

100%Provides international wholesale telecommunications services

Telecom Southern Cross LimitedNew Zealand100%A holding company

1 These foreign incorporated entities are tax resident in New Zealand.

The financial year end of all significant subsidiaries is 30 June.

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6.5 reconciliation of net earnings to net cash flows from operating activities

20242023

YEAR ENDED 30 JUNE$M$M

Net earnings for the year 316 1,135

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash flows from operating activities

Depreciation and amortisation 527 504

Bad and doubtful accounts 17 10

Deferred income tax

1

38 (159)

Share of associates' and joint ventures' net losses 17 16

Interest income on loans receivable from associates and joint ventures (12) (8)

Impairment of investments 2 –

Net disposal and remeasurement of equity accounted investments 1 (9)

Gain on sale and acquisition of property, plant and equipment and intangibles (62) (20)

Gain on lease modifications and terminations (36) (13)

Net gain on sale of Connexa – (583)

Gain on sale of long-term businesses (4) –

Spark Sport provision 1 54

Other 12 (7)

Changes in assets and liabilities net of effects of non-cash and investing and financing activities

Movement in receivables and related items (84) (110)

Movement in inventories (8) 28

Movement in current taxation (31) (14)

Movement in payables and related items 70 (24)

Net cash flows from operating activities 764 800

1 The 2023 comparative primarily relates to the net gain on sale of Connexa.

6.6 Commitments and contingencies

Capital and other commitments

As at 30 June 2024, capital expenditure contracted for, but not yet incurred, was $684 million (30 June 2023: $515 million) with

$185 million due in the year ending 30 June 2025. Commitments principally relate to spectrum, telecommunications network equipment,

data centre infrastructure and cable capacity.

As at 30 June 2024, Spark had other supplier commitments of $879 million (30 June 2023: $588 million), with $593 million due in the year

ending 30 June 2025. Commitments include mobile handsets, subscription services, modems, licences, service and maintenance

renewals, and power purchase agreements.

Contingencies

No ongoing claims, investigations or inquiries are expected to have a significant effect on Spark's financial position or profitability.

151

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Independent auditor’s report
To the Shareholders of Spark New Zealand Limited

Opinion

We have audited the consolidated financial statements of Spark New Zealand Limited and its subsidiaries (the

‘Group’), which comprise the consolidated statement of financial position as at 30 June 2024, and the

consolidated statement of profit and loss and other comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity

and statement of cash flows for the year then ended, and notes to the consolidated financial statements,

including material accounting policy information.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements, on pages 106 to 151, present fairly, in all

material respects, the consolidated financial position of the Group as at 30 June 2024, and its consolidated

financial performance and cash flows for the year then ended in accordance with New Zealand Equivalents to

IFRS Accounting Standards (‘NZ IFRS’) as issued by the External Reporting Board and IFRS Accounting

Standards (‘IFRS’) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (‘ISAs’) and International

Standards on Auditing (New Zealand) (‘ISAs (NZ)’). Our responsibilities under those standards are further

described in the Auditor’s Responsibilities for the Audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements section of our

report.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our

opinion.

We are independent of the Group in accordance with Professional and Ethical Standard 1 International Code

of Ethics for Assurance Practitioners (including International Independence Standards) (New Zealand) issued by

the New Zealand Auditing and Assurance Standards Board and the International Ethics Standards Board for

Accountants’ International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants (including International Independence

Standards), and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements.

Our firm carries out other assignments for Spark New Zealand Limited in relation to regulatory audit

requirements, other assurance related services (such as trustee reporting, Greenhouse Gas Emissions limited

assurance and agreed upon procedures in relation to the sustainability-linked loans) and non-assurance

services provided to the Corporate Taxpayers Group, of which the Group is a member. These services have not

impaired our independence as auditor of the Company and Group. In addition to this, the Chief Executive has

both a sister and brother-in-law that are partners at Deloitte. These Deloitte partners are not involved in the

provision of any services to the Group and its subsidiaries, and this matter has not impacted our

independence. Also, partners and employees of our firm deal with the Group on normal terms within the

ordinary course of trading activities of the business of the Company and its subsidiaries. The firm has no other

relationship with, or interest in, the Group.

Audit materiality

We consider materiality primarily in terms of the magnitude of misstatement in the financial statements of the

Group that in our judgement would make it probable that the economic decisions of a reasonably

knowledgeable person would be changed or influenced (the ‘quantitative’ materiality). In addition, we also

assess whether other matters that come to our attention during the audit would in our judgement change or

influence the decisions of such a person (the ‘qualitative’ materiality). We use materiality both in planning the

scope of our audit work and in evaluating the results of our work.

Key audit matters

Key audit matters are those matters that, in our professional judgement, were of most significance in our audit

of the consolidated financial statements of the current period. These matters were addressed in the context of

our audit of the consolidated financial statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do

not provide a separate opinion on these matters.


Independent auditor’s report

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Independent auditor’s report

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Key audit matterHow our audit addressed the key audit matter
Revenue recognition

The Group recognised total revenues excluding other gains of

$3,759m (2023: $3,875m) including:

• Mobile $1,474m (2023: $1,470m)

• Broadband $613m (2023: $626m)

• Procurement and partners $548m (2023: $584m)

• Voice $180m (2023: $231m)

• IT products $527m (2023: $509m)

• IT services $165m (2023: $194m)

• High-tech $79m (2023: $$65m)

• Data centres $37m (2023: $24m)

• Other operating revenues $136m (2023: $172m)

Revenue recognition is considered to be a key audit matter.

For Mobile and Broadband revenue, and to a lesser extent other

revenue streams, there is an inherent risk around the accuracy

and timing of revenue recognition given the complexity of

systems and the large volume of data processed; moreover,

judgement is required for multiple element arrangements. This

risk is most pronounced for new or changing product plans and

prices.

IT products and IT services require significant management

judgements and estimates, particularly for larger contracts,

which are bespoke and cover several accounting periods.

The judgements and estimates that significantly impact the

accuracy of revenue recognition for these contracts include:

• identifying the separate performance obligations;

• assessing whether the performance obligations are satisfied

at a point in time or over time; and

• determining the amount and appropriate method of

measuring the costs of fulfilling the performance obligations

or, where appropriate, the completeness and valuation of

provisions against contracts that are expected to be loss-

making.

Disclosures relating to revenue recognition and the revenue

stream breakdown can be found in Note 2.2. Operating

revenues and other gains.


Our audit approach included both controls testing and substantive

procedures. For our procedures on the design and operating

effectiveness of controls over significant IT systems, we involved our

IT specialists.

Our audit procedures included:

Across Mobile, Voice and Broadband, and IT products and IT

services revenue streams:

• Assessing the appropriateness of the revenue recognition policies

for the products and services offered by the Group, which

included but were not limited to:

• challenging the Group’s assessment for each performance

obligation about whether the customer can benefit from the

product or service on its own or together with readily available

resources;

• assessing the allocation of the transaction price to the

performance obligations by comparing the stand-alone selling

price assigned to observed market prices or estimated prices;

and

• examining the stages at which revenue for each performance

obligation is recognised.

Mobile, Voice and Broadband:

• testing the design and implementation, and the operating

effectiveness of automated controls and interfaces between

relevant IT applications, measurement and billing of revenue, and

the recording of entries in the general ledger. We also tested the

access controls and change management controls over the

relevant billing systems;

• testing the design and implementation, and the operating

effectiveness of manual controls over the initiation, authorisation,

recording and processing of revenue transactions. This included

evaluating process controls over authorising new price plans and

rate changes and the adjustments to the relevant billing systems;

• testing the design and implementation of revenue recognition

controls, including rating and billing during the year as it relates to

new or changing product plans;

• recalculating revenue recognised to evaluate that the processing

by the relevant telecommunication system is materially correct;

• reviewing new product plans in the current year to understand

each of the performance obligations in the bundled offering;

• for new product plans that provide a bundle of services, assessing

whether the customer can benefit from the product or service on

its own or together with readily available resources; and

• assessing the recognition and timing of costs to acquire and costs

to fulfil customer contracts.

153

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

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Key audit matterHow our audit addressed the key audit matter
IT products and IT services:

• testing IT products and IT services contracts for appropriate

revenue recognition and provisioning for contracts that were

expected to be loss-making. We considered the future forecast

profitability and the contractual terms to assess the recoverability

of the contract-specific assets and to determine whether any

contracts required loss provisions; and

• testing a sample of revenue transactions recorded during the year

by agreeing to supporting evidence, which included cash receipts,

customer contracts, and invoices. We focussed our work on

contracts which we regarded as higher risk because of the nature

of the contract and the stage of delivery.

Carrying value of property, plant & equipment and intangible

assets

The Group has property, plant & equipment of $1,394m (2023:

$1,264m) and intangible assets excluding goodwill of $607m

(2023: $572m).

There are a number of areas where judgements significantly

impact the carrying value of property, plant & equipment and

intangible assets excluding goodwill, and their respective

depreciation and amortisation profiles. These areas are as follows:

• the impact of planned or unexpected replacement technology

which will impact the way in which an asset is used or is

expected to be used;

• the determination whether to capitalise or expense costs,

particularly for capitalised labour;

• the useful economic life of the asset; and

• the timely transfer and commencement of depreciation of

assets transferred from work in progress.

Changes in these judgements may have a significant impact on

the results of the Group. Due to the significance of these

judgements and the materiality of these assets to the Group’s

Statement of Financial Position, this is considered a key audit

matter.

Refer to Notes 3.6 Property, plant and equipment and 3.7

Intangible assets.

• Our audit procedures included the following:

• testing of the design and implementation of controls over the

acquisition and disposal of assets;

• assessing the appropriateness of capitalisation of costs incurred

on capital projects, by examining a sample of additions to identify

whether the expenditure meets the definition of an asset in

accordance with the applicable accounting standards;

• assessing the reasonableness of the internal labour rates used to

capitalise internal labour;

• assessing the appropriateness of the date from which assets

commenced being depreciated;

• assessing the application of the Group’s annual asset life review.

This included assessing judgements made by the Group on:

• the appropriateness of asset lives applied in the calculation of

depreciation and amortisation;

• the nature and impact of changes on the business from Spark’s

strategy, including which specific assets are impacted; and

• the extent of the impact of these changes on the carrying value

of identified property, plant and equipment and software

intangible assets.

• It also included:

• assessing the allocated useful economic lives, by comparing to

industry benchmarks and our knowledge of the business and its

operations; and

• reviewing Board minutes and performing enquiries with various

management personnel around the prevailing risks of

technological obsolescence and assessing their impact on the

useful lives/impairment risk of existing assets.

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Independent auditor’s report

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Other information
The directors are responsible on behalf of the Group for the other information. The other information

comprises the information in the Annual Report that accompanies the consolidated financial statements and

the audit report.

Our opinion on the consolidated financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not

express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

Our responsibility is to read the other information and consider whether it is materially inconsistent with the

consolidated financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be

materially misstated. If so, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

Directors’

responsibilities for the

consolidated financial

statements

The directors are responsible on behalf of the Group for the preparation and fair presentation of the

consolidated financial statements in accordance with NZ IFRS and IFRS, and for such internal control as the

directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free

from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the directors are responsible on behalf of the Group for

assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going

concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the

Group or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor’s responsibilities

for the audit of the

consolidated financial

statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements as a

whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that

includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit

conducted in accordance with ISAs and ISAs (NZ) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists.

Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate,

they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these

consolidated financial statements.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the consolidated financial statements is located on

the External Reporting Board’s website at:

https://www.xrb.govt.nz/standards-for-assurance-practitioners/auditors-responsibilities/audit-report-1

This description forms part of our auditor’s report.

Restriction on use

This report is made solely to the Company’s shareholders, as a body. Our audit has been undertaken so that

we might state to the Company’s shareholders those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s

report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume

responsibility to anyone other than the Company’s shareholders as a body, for our audit work, for this report,

or for the opinions we have formed.

Jason Stachurski, Partner for Deloitte Limited

Auckland, New Zealand

23 August 2024

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Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

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Other
information

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Other information

Other information

Stock exchange listings
Spark’s ordinary shares are listed on the NZX and ASX. Spark is admitted to the Official List of ASX as a foreign exempt issuer. As a NZX listed

issuer and ASX foreign exempt issuer, Spark complies with NZX Listing Rules and applicable ASX Listing Rules.

Spark’s American Depositary Shares, each representing five ordinary Spark shares and evidenced by American Depositary Receipts (ADRs),

are traded over-the-counter in the United States. This is a Level 1 ADR programme that is sponsored by Bank of New York Mellon.

Spark Finance Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Spark New Zealand Limited, has debt securities listed on the NZDX. Details of debt

securities issued by Spark Finance Limited can be found in Spark Finance Limited’s reports at: https://investors.sparknz.co.nz/Investor-Centre

Board and committee meeting attendance for FY24

The Board held eight formal meetings and one special meeting during FY24. The table below shows director attendance at these Board

meetings and committee member attendance at committee meetings. Sub-committees of the Board also met regularly throughout the year to

consider matters of special importance.

BoardARMCHRCCNOMs

Total number of meetings held9753

Alison Barrass9–53

Warwick Bray97–3

Sheridan Broadbent9753

David Havercroft8–53

Jolie Hodson

1

9753

Gordon MacLeod97–3

Lisa Nelson

2

221–

Charles Sitch

3

32–1

Justine Smyth

4

9753

1. Ms Hodson attended ARMC and HRCC meetings as Executive Director.

2. Ms Nelson appointed as a director and a member of the ARMC, HRCC and NOMs from 8 May 2024.

3. Mr Sitch resigned as a director from 3 November 2023.

4. Ms Smyth attended ARMC meetings in an ex officio capacity.

Director independence

As part of the formal independence assessment, the Board considered all business relationships and close personal ties between Spark and

any companies of which a non-executive director is an employee, director or substantial shareholder (if any). The Board has determined, based

on information provided by directors regarding their interests, that at 30 June 2024 Ms Barrass, Mr Bray, Ms Broadbent, Mr MacLeod, Ms

Nelson and Ms Smyth were independent. The Board (other than Ms Smyth) has considered the tenure of Ms Smyth who has been a Director for

12.7 years, and Chair for 5.9 years as at 30 June 2024. The Board determined that Ms Smyth’s understanding of Spark and experience and skills

in the industry add ongoing value to Spark. The Board are of the view that Ms Smyth’s tenure does not interfere with her capacity to bring an

independent judgment to bear on issues before the Board, to act in the best interests of Spark, and to represent the interests of its financial

product holders generally.

The Board determined that Ms Hodson was not independent due to her position as CEO, and Mr Havercroft was not independent due to his

prior relationships with Spark, which have now ceased.

The criteria for determining director independence and conflict of interest may be found in the Board Charter at:

www.spark.co.nz/online/about/our-company/governance

Corporate governance disclosures

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157

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Director interests
In accordance with sections 140 and 211(e) of the Companies Act 1993, the table below lists the general disclosures of interests made by

Directors in the interests register that remain current, including changes made to those interests, during FY24:

DirectorEntityRelationship

Alison BarrassRockit Global Limited (and related companies)

Tom & Luke Holdings Limited

Babich Wines Limited

Zespri Group Limited

Institute of Directors

AA Insurance Limited

Vero Insurance New Zealand Limited

Asteron Life Limited

Vero Liability Insurance Limited

Director and shareholder

Director and Chair

Chair

Director

Chair of the Nominations Committee

Appointed Board Chair

Director

Director

Director

Warwick BrayWoolworths Group LimitedDirector

Sheridan BroadbentManawa Energy Limited

Pipeline and Civil Limited

Pipeline Group Limited

PLC Plant Limited

Business Leaders’ H&S Forum

Downer EDI Limited

Director

Ceased to be a Director and Chair

Ceased to be a Director and Chair

Ceased to be a Director and Chair

Deputy Chair

Appointed director

David HavercroftW3 Capital Limited

Westpac New Zealand Limited

The Guitar Gallery Limited

Director and shareholder

Director

Director and shareholder

Jolie HodsonMATTR Limited

NZ Telecommunications Forum Inc.

Climate Leaders Coalition

Director

Appointed chair

Convenor of the Coalition’s CEO Steering Group

Gordon MacLeodDelegat Group Limited

Spanbild Holdings Limited

Breast Cancer Foundation NZ

Director

Appointed Advisory Chairman

Trustee

Lisa NelsonAstra Space Inc

Destiny Tech100 Inc

Seattle Bank

MATTR Limited Investment Committee

Banqer Limited

Director and Compensation Committee chair

Director and Audit Chair

Director

Committee Member

Director

Justine SmythMondiale VGL Group Limited

Breast Cancer Foundation NZ

MATTR Limited

Director and Chair

Chair and Trustee

Director

Directors disclosed, pursuant to section 148 of the Companies Act 1993, the following acquisitions and disposals of relevant interests in Spark

shares during FY24:

NameDate Nature of transactionConsideration Number of shares

Sheridan Broadbent22 August 2023Purchase of ordinary shares by

Mariachi Desperados Trust

$25,3105,000

8 September 2023Purchase of ordinary shares by

Mariachi Desperados Trust

$24,8065,000

4 December 2023Purchase of ordinary shares by

Mariachi Desperados Trust

$25,7145,000

Jolie Hodson18 September 2023Issue of optionsServices to Spark188,467

3 October 2023Lapse of optionsServices to Spark187,430

Gordon MacLeod21 August 2023Purchase of ordinary shares$50,96310,000

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Directors’ insurance
Directors disclosed, for the purposes of section 162 of the Companies Act 1993, that insurance was renewed for Spark’s directors and senior

managers for the 12-month period from 1 June 2024 and deeds of indemnity provided to all directors and specified senior managers of Spark.

Shareholdings

As at 30 June 2024 there were 1,814,155,480 Spark ordinary shares on issue, each conferring to the registered holder the right to one vote on

a poll at a meeting of shareholders on any resolution, held as follows:

Size of holdingNumber of holders

1

%Number of shares%

1–1,00012,25629.506,094,2590.34

1,001–5,00017,58542.3245,780,2892.52

5,001–10,0005,98514.4044,223,8582.44

10,001–100,0005,49713.23128,912,5807.10

100,001 and over2290.551,589,144,49487.60

Total41,552100.001,814,155,480100.00

1. Includes:

• 410,834 shares on issue held by Spark Trustee Limited on behalf of 346 holders for Spark Share; and

• 1,636,356 shares on issue held by Sharesies Nominee Limited on behalf of 1,474 holders of Spark Share.

FY23: 1,777,157 shares on issue held by Spark Trustee Limited on behalf of 1,283 holders of Spark Share.

The 20 largest registered holders of Spark shares at 30 June 2024 were:

Name

1

Number of shares%

1.HSBC Nominees (New Zealand) Limited

2

347,482,25119.15

2.HSBC Nominees (New Zealand) Limited

2

174,986,6609.65

3.JP Morgan Chase Bank151,948,7678.38

4.BNP Paribas Nominees NZ Limited

3

118,373,1606.52

5.Citibank Nominees (NZ) Limited108,416,5675.98

6.Custodial Services Limited64,967,6623.58

7.Accident Compensation Corporation61,875,5323.41

8.HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited61,182,3693.37

9.New Zealand Superannuation Fund Nominees Limited49,045,7572.70

10.Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited41,865,1242.31

11.FNZ Custodians Limited34,025,2331.88

12.Forsyth Barr Custodians Limited32,001,1451.76

13.New Zealand Depository Nominee30,504,9841.68

14.Tea Custodians Limited 28,742,4761.58

15.JB Were (NZ) Nominees Limited27,706,3051.53

16.New Zealand Permanent Trustees Limited27,122,2091.50

17.Premier Nominees Limited23,768,3701.31

18.BNP Paribas Nominees NZ Limited

3

23,038,1471.27

19.JP Morgan Nominees Australia Pty Limited20,860,1591.15

20.Public Trust18,448,8591.02

1. The shareholding of New Zealand Central Securities Depository Limited (custodian for members trading through NZClear) has been reallocated to the applicable

members.

2. Has a different holder identification number to the other HSBC Nominees (New Zealand) Limited entry.

3. Has a different holder identification number to the other BNP Paribas Nominees NZ Limited entry.

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159

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

According to substantial holder notices as at 30 June 2024 the substantial holders in Spark were as follows:
NameNumber of ordinary shares% of ordinary shares on issue

1

Blackrock Investment Management (Australia) Limited161,169,5328.88

1. Based on issued share capital of 1,814,155,480 as at 30 June 2024.

As at 30 June 2024 directors, or entities related to them, held relevant interests (as defined in the Financial Markets Conduct Act 2013) in Spark

shares as follows:

Name

Relevant interest in Spark shares as at 30 June 2024

Number%

1

Alison Barrass37,716

2

0.002

Warwick Bray31,230

3

0.002

Sheridan Broadbent30,000

4

0.002

David Havercroft100,0860.006

Jolie Hodson869,013

5

0.048

Gordon MacLeod10,0000.0005

Justine Smyth500,201

6

0.028

1. Each percentage stated has been rounded to the nearest 1/1000th of a percent.

2. Relevant interest in beneficial ownership of 37,716 ordinary shares held by Sharesies Nominee Limited.

3. Relevant interest in beneficial ownership of 31,230 ordinary shares held by WDB Insight Pty Limited.

4. Relevant interest in beneficial ownership of 30,000 ordinary shares held by Mariachi Desperados Trust.

5. Includes 311,830 ordinary shares and 557,183 options.

6. Relevant interest in beneficial ownership of 375,201 ordinary shares held by Miksha Trust and beneficial ownership of 125,000 ordinary shares held by PJ Trust.

All non-executive directors are expected to hold Spark shares. Subject to personal circumstances (that should be discussed with the Chair or,

in the case of personal circumstances of the Chair, with the Chair of the ARMC, as appropriate), there is an expectation that each non-executive

director will purchase and hold an amount of shares that are at least equivalent in value to the non-executive director base member fee as

at the date of their appointment or, in the case of directors appointed before 1 July 2017, this was as at 1 July 2017. Shares are to be purchased

within a three-year period from the date of appointment or, in the case of directors appointed before 1 July 2017, this was within a three-year

period from that date. To assess whether this expectation has been met, the aggregate purchase price for all shares acquired, less the

aggregate sale price for all shares disposed (if any), is used to calculate value.

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Subsidiary company directors
The following people held office as directors of subsidiary companies at 30 June 2024. Alternate directors are indicated with an (A).

Subsidiary companyPrincipal activityCurrent directorsDirectors who retired

during the year

Adroit Holdings LimitedEnvironmental IoT solutionsS Knight, M StriblingR Mateparae, M Sheppard

Adroit IoT LimitedEnvironmental IoT solutionsS Knight, M Stribling

Adroit Research LimitedEnvironmental IoT solutionsS Knight, M Stribling

Circle Investments LimitedDelivers innovative and cost-effective

solutions to the Contact Centre Industry

L Sheehan, D WerderS Knight, M Beder

Computer Concepts LimitedIT infrastructure and Cloud services M Anastasiou, M Beder,

S Knight

Digital Island LimitedBusiness telecommunications providerS Knight, G Clark

Entelar Group LimitedTelecommunications and IT infrastructure

build and maintenance services, and

distribution and supply chain services

H Polglase, M Sheppard,

R Mateparae

M Beder

Gen-i Australia Pty LimitedProvides international wholesale and

outsourced telecommunications services

F Evett, I Hopkins

MATTR LimitedSoftware company focussed on

decentralised identity and verifiable data

C Barber, J Hodson, J Smyth,

S Knight

MATTR Trading Australia Pty LimitedSoftware company focussed on

decentralised identity and verifiable data

F Evett, M Leydin

MATTR Trading US, IncSoftware company focussed on

decentralised identity and verifiable data

N Fitzgerald

Qrious LimitedData analytics businessS Knight, M Anastasiou

Revera LimitedIT infrastructure and data centre providerM Anastasiou, S Knight,

M Beder

Spark Finance LimitedGroup finance companyM Anastasiou, M Sheppard,

S Knight

A White

Spark New Zealand Cables LimitedInvestment companyM Sheppard, L Urquhart

Spark New Zealand Trading LimitedTelecommunications and digital services

company

M Anastasiou, S Knight,

M Beder

Spark Trustee LimitedTrustee companyM Anastasiou, S Knight

TCNZ Australia Investments Pty LimitedAustralian operationsF Evett, I Hopkins

TCNZ (Bermuda) LimitedHolding companyJ Wesley-Smith, J Wong

TCNZ Financial Services LimitedInvestment companyM Anastasiou, F Evett

TCNZ (United Kingdom)

Securities Limited

Holding/investment companyF Evett, J Reader,

ManCorp (UK) Limited

Teleco Insurance LimitedGroup insurance companyS Knight, N Frost, F Evett (A)A White, C Phipps,

C Feathers

Teleco Insurance (NZ) LimitedMobile phone insuranceS Knight, R QuinceA White

Telecom Capacity LimitedHolding companyS Knight, J Wong

Telecom Enterprises LimitedInvestment companyM Anastasiou, S Knight

Telecom New Zealand (UK) Enterprises

Limited

Holding/investment companyF Evett, M Sheppard

Telecom New Zealand USA LimitedProvides international wholesale

telecommunications services

J Wong, J MartinA Preston

Telecom Pacific LimitedHolding companyM Anastasiou, M Sheppard

Telecom Southern Cross LimitedHolding companyM Anastasiou, S Knight

Telecom Wellington Investments LimitedInvestment companyM Anastasiou, F Evett

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Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Spark’s managing risk framework roles
and responsibilities

Activity performed

Board

& ARMC

Leadership

Squad Risk

Legal

(Digital

Trust)

Org Unit

Leads

Centre of

Excellence

leads

Policy

owners

All

Spark

people

Approves the Managing Risk Policy


Monitors the managing risk framework


Reviews principal risk dashboard (quarterly)


Performs other items from its charter


Prepares strategy and annual plan


QBR process and next 90-day priorities


Coaches and guides Leads


Owner for principal risks


Designs and continuously improves the managing

risk framework


Helps the business apply the framework


Profiles the principal and next 90-day risks for LS and

ARMC


Helps Leads to capture their risks for the QBR Memo


Executes Internal Audit plan (objective assurance)


Designs and continuously improves the

empowerment framework


Creates empowerment & functional guidance kits


Oversees essential policies and webpage


Creates and delivers training modules


Use the Empowerment and Managing

Risk Frameworks


Understand and adhere with the essential policies


Maintain view of risks for OKRs and fill in QBR Memo


Provide input into principal risk process


Escalate risks to LS or Risk Team (if required)


Review risk sections in QBR packs across Spark


Maintain view of risks for their OKRs and fill in QBR


Support Leads to manage identified risks


Provide input into principal risks


Maintain policy and guidance material


Complete assessments of effectiveness


Participate in policy owner working groups


Follow this framework and the essential policies


Make informed decisions after assessing the benefits

and risks


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As an integrated report we have included disclosure on our sustainability performance throughout this report. Pages 6 and 7 detail our
integrated reporting value creation model, aligned to the ‘capitals’ which each have a dedicated section in the report.

This report is prepared in accordance with the International <IR> Framework and with the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Core Option. It also

incorporates climate-related disclosures that have been prepared in compliance with the Aotearoa New Zealand Climate Standards (NZ CS 1,

NZ CS 2 and NZ CS 3) issued by the External Reporting Board (XRB).

We publish a summary of our approach to sustainability at Spark on our website. www.spark.co.nz/online/about/sustainability/

Materiality

To prioritise Spark’s reporting on sustainability topics we follow the GRI materiality principle and processes (set out in GRI 3: Material Topics

2021) to identify and prioritise topics which substantively influence the assessments and decisions of stakeholders or have a significant

environmental, social, or economic impact. We also consider the materiality principles of the Integrated Reporting International <IR>

Framework, considering whether a matter could substantively affect Spark's ability to create value in the short, medium, or long term.

We refresh our materiality analysis annually, as part of our integrated reporting process. Our assessment of material topics includes analysis of

stakeholder feedback, review of industry peers, and interviews with external stakeholders. In previous years we have also engaged an external

sustainability consultancy to independently review our materiality prioritisation. Internally we consult with a range of employees, including

members of our strategy, finance, community, corporate relations, risk, legal, and HR teams, to determine Spark’s view of topics meeting the

GRI materiality principle criteria.

The purpose of our annual materiality review is to ensure we are capturing all topics that are material to our stakeholders, with a particular focus

on identifying emerging topics. We have updated our materiality matrix for FY24. This reflects feedback from various stakeholders which has

highlighted the increasing importance of data ethics, including data governance and sovereignty, with the increased profile and application of

AI technologies. In the previous year changes included increasing the importance of disaster crisis response and the role of digital technology

in addressing sustainability challenges.

Sustainability appendix

• Customer experience, support and partnership

• AI and data ethics, privacy and governance

• Digital equity

• Building the workplace of the future

• Operational excellence and financial performance

• Partnering with Aotearoa

• Resilient infrastructure and climate adaptation

• Role of digital technology in addressing

sustainability challenges

• Disaster and crisis response

• Cyber security

• Competition and regulation

• Diversity and Inclusion

• Ethical behaviour in our business

• Ethical supply chain and procurement practices

• Responsible employment practices

• Operational efficiency, emissions and waste

• Heath, Safety and Wellbeing

• Investment in innovation

• Product stewardship and circular economy

• Responsible and safe use of our products

and services

• Community investment

• Infrastructure impact

• Ta x

SIGNIFICANCE OF ECONOMIC, ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS

INFLUENCE ON STAKEHOLDER ASSESSMENTS AND DECISIONS

Our materiality matrix maps our material topics, with our assessment of the significance of economic, environmental and

social impacts mapped on the horizontal ‘x’ axis, and the scale of influence on stakeholder assessments and decisions

mapped on ‘y’ vertical axis, reflecting feedback and questions received from stakeholders related to our ESG reporting.

Ko te pae anamata, whakamaua

163

Spark New Zealand Annual Report FY24

Our most material sustainability issues
TopicTopic description and scopeReference

Resilient infrastructure and

climate adaptation

The resilience of our infrastructure. Our long-term adaptation to

climate change.

Our network and technology

Pages 36 – 45

Climate-related disclosures

Pages 90 – 105

Customer experience, support

and partnership

Providing high-quality, reliable products and services that enable

our customers. Rectifying issues where they may arise.

Our customers

Pages 24 – 35

Cyber securityThe security of our networks and products and the security

support we provide to our business customers.

Our customers

Pages 24 – 35

AI and data ethics, privacy,

and governance

How we collect, use, store, and share personal information and

how we keep it safe. Building trust in our products and services.

Ethical use of data and data techno

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Data sourced from publicly available filings. Our datasets may not be complete. Automated analysis can produce errors. If you believe any data on this page is incorrect, please contact us at hello@nzxplorer.co.nz. For informational purposes only. Not investment advice.